야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

정량적관상동맥조영술의 정확도 및 재현도

조용근,황진용,박헌식,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.4

목적 : 정량적관상동맥조영술이 최근 널리 보급되고 있지만 국내외를 막론하고 이의 정확도 및 재현도에 관한 연구가 불충분하여 본 연구를 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 110명의 환자에서 미국 General Electric사의 Advantx L/C/LP 디지탈혈관찰영기와 미국 USCI사의 좌관상동맥용 Judkins형의 Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6F 도자를 이용하여 좌관상동맥조영술을 같은 각도에서 3회 실시하고 도자의 외경을 일본 Mitutoyo사의 정밀도 0.01㎜의 micrometer로 측정한 후 측정된 도자의 실제 직경과 정량적관상동맥조영술로 측정된 관상동맥의 직경을 비교하였다. 결 과 : USCI® Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6F 좌관상동맥용 도자의 실제 외경은 1.91±0.03㎜이었고 정량적관상동맥조영술로 측정 한 도자의 외경은 1.94±0.11㎜이었다. 도자를 5.7F로 calibration했을 매 도자의 외경은 1.87±0.12㎜이었다. 세번 다 다른 화상에서 측정한 경우 근위부관상동맥 직경의 차이는 0.02±0.12㎜이었고 같은 화상에서 3회 측정하였던 경우에는 0.11±0.01㎜이었다. 결론 : 정량적관상동맥조영술의 정확도 및 재현도는 사용에 적합한 정도이나 적지 않은 문제점에 대한 보완이 필요하다고 생각된다. During quantitaive coronary angiography(QCA), contrast filled catheter is usually used as a scaling device. However the real diamerer of catheter is almost always smaller than the listed diameter. We measured the real diameter of catheters with precision micrometer(Mitutoyo® Japan). After caliberating the catheter as listed French size and diameter, we did QCA at the same tube position of the diameters of catheter and proximal left coronary artery. All measurements were done 3 times consecutively. The mean real diameter of USCI® Pro-Flo XT^(TM) 6 F left Judkin catheter was 1.91±0.03 ㎜. The mean QCA diamter of the same catheter was 1.94±0.11 ㎜. When we calibrated catheter as 1.91 ㎜. the mean QCA diameter was 1.87±0.12 ㎜. The mean differences of the diameters of the proximal left coronary artery were 0.20±0.12 ㎜ when the measurements were done in three different frames. When the measurements were done in the same frmae, the mean difference decreased to 0.11±0.01 ㎜. We conclude that the precision and reproducibility of QCA are within reasonable range, but more refimement is needed.

한국과 일본의 영어 교육 비교 연구 : A Historical Survey 한국과 일본의 영어 교육의 역사적 배경을 중심으로

조용남,이상준 韓國外國語大學校附設 外國語敎育硏究所 1991 외국어교육연구 Vol.- No.7

ABTRACTThe present study surveys the historical background of English teaching in japan, which Korea inherited and has made its own tradition.The Japanese history of English teaching has had two periods during which English was popularly learned with the kind of enthusiasm that has not been seen in other times. One was the Meiji period When all subjects on the curriculum of the middle school and upwards were taught in English by Western teachers with books written in English, and the other the period of American occupation beginning with the end of the war, when the ability of spoken English was almost an essential condition for advancing one's career.In other times, the status of English was recognized only as one of the most important subjects of the examination for entrance into the university. This was a situation for which the grammar-translation method of teaching was the most effective, making it difficult for any communication-oriented method to be adopted in schools of formal educationThe national controversies, characteristic if English teaching in Japan, over whether English should be included in the curriculum of the middle school are traced partly to public dissatisfaction with the low level of English proficiency of high school and university graduates vis-a-vis the time spent on learning the foreign language,partly to nationalism of the Japanese people, and partly on the ideology of English education.English was introduced to Korea along routes different from the way it came to Japan. and had been taught to a small number of people by a communication-centered method until 1919, when Japan replaced with its own the traditional Korean educational system including English teaching. It can be said that English teaching in Korea actually started with the imposition of the Japanese educational system in Korea, and has thus inherited the Japanese tradition of English teaching. It is this historical background that makes the history and tradition of English teaching of Japan meaningful to us.It is revealed by this survey that progress in the teaching of foreign

질소-프로판-암모니아 가스분위기에서 침탄질화시 공기첨가량이 침탄질화특성에 미치는 영향

조효석,이준범,노용식,이상윤 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1993 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.1

This study has been performed to find out some effects of air and ammonia addition to a given quantity of nitrogen and propane gas mixture on the carbonitriding characteristics of low carbon steel after carbonitriding for one hour and two hours at 870℃. Carbon potential analysis has shown that the carbon potential decreases with increasing air addition at a given amount of ammonia and also with increasing ammonia addition at a given amount of air. Microscopical observation has revealed that the depth of internal oxidation increases with increasing air addition to a given gas atmosphere and the formation of surface abnormal layer considerably occurs in the gas mixture of more than 2.5% ammonia addition. If has been found by hardness measurements that the effective case depth increases with increasing air addition to a given gas mixture, whereas in more or less decreases with ammonia addition.

정신보건관련시설 입원(소)자의 주요 정신장애 유병률 : 전국 20개 시설의 입원(소)자를 대상으로

조성진,조맹제,서동우,함봉진,홍진표,배재남,이준영,이동우,박종익,전홍진,김성주,김용익 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.6

Objectives : One of the objectives of this study is to estimate the prevalence rates of psychiatric diagnoses in the combined populations of psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric nursing facilities and homeless asylums using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI), which is a comprehensive and fully standardized interview schedule to assess psychiatric disorders for diagnosis. The Other objective is to compare with previously studied prevalence rates of Psy-chiatric diagnoses using the results of this study. Methods : The study subjects, aged from 181o 64 years, were randomly selected from 64,582 institutionalized population of psychiatric hospitals, Psychiatric nursing facilities and homeless asylums as of 30, June, 2001. Twelve trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents. A total of 1,875 respondents (male 1,194, female 681) completed the interview. Results : The lifetime and one year prevalences of any diagnosis excluding nicotine dependence · withdrawal, anxiety disorder, eating disorder, somatoform disorder were 88.2% (male 88.1%, female 88.3%), and 65.8% (male 62.7%, female 73.7%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders were 78.5% (male 75.3%, female 83.7%), and 56.8% (male 51.9%, female 64.8%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of alcohol use disorder (dependence/abuse) were 26.7% (male 37.9%, female 8.3%), and 8.7% (male 12.8%, female 2.1%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of mood disorder were 18.1% (male 13.5%, female 25.8%), and 10.4% (male 7.2%,female 16.9%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders were comparable with the 2001 community survey by 1.19% to 1.32%, and 0.51% to 0.61%, respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of schizophrenia were also comparable by 0.16% to 0.28%, and 0.16% to 0.25%, respectively. There were no significant changes of prevalence rates when correction were applied to other psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusion : The results of this study could be used for evaluating the distribution of psychiatric diagnoses in mental health related facilities and for planning mental health policies.

폐결핵의 조기진단에 있어서 이중중합효소연쇄반응법의 유용성

조성란,최영진,김용훈,이철세,김영창,김휘준 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a great public health problem in Korea. Early detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in clinical samples becomes more and more important in the control of tuberculosis. Recently, molecular methods have been applied to early detection of M. tuberculosis. Methods: To elucidate the effectiveness of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, we peformed Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain, AFB culture, and nested PCR on 84 sputa. Results: 8 (9.5%) specimens were positive by AFB stain, 17 (20.2%) by AFB culture, and 15 (17.9%) by nested PCR. Using AFB culture as standard method, the sensitivity of AFB stain and nested PCR was 47.1% and 82.4%, respectively. The specificity of AFB stain and nested PCR was 100% and 98.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Nested PCR was more sensitive than AFB stain and had shorter processing time(24-48hrs) than AFB culture. So it may be effective to use nested PCR in order to detect M. tuberculosis when AFB smear Is negative.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

용융염산화 반응기에서 기체체류량 및 기-액 흐름특성

조용준,양희철,은희철,유재형,김준형 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.5

용융염산화는 혼성폐기물과 유해폐기물을 효과적으로 산화 및 분해할 수 있는 소각대체기술중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 직경이 0.079 m이고 높이가 0.653 m인 용융염산화 반응기에서 기체체류량 및 기-액 흐름특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 액상으로 용융탄산나트륨을 기상으로 건조된 공기를 사용하였으며 기체유속(0.05-0.22 m/s)과 용융염온도(870-970℃) 변화가 기체체류량 및 기-액 흐름특성에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 기체체류량은 용융염 온도가 상승함에 따라 증가하였는데, 이는 용융염 온도의 증가로 인해 용융된 탄산나트륨의 점도와 표면장력이 감소하였기 때문이다. 실험에서 얻어진 기체체류량 데이터를 drift-flux 모델에 적용하여 용융염반응기 내의 흐름특성을 규명할 수 있었으며, 이를 통해 흐름영역에 따른 기체체류량을 정확하게 예측할 수 있었다. Molten salt oxidation is one of the most promising alternatives to incineration that can be used to efficiently destroy the organic components of mixed wastes and hazardous wastes. In this study, the gas holdup and gas-liquid flow characteristics are investigated in the molten salt oxidation reactor (0.076 m D×0.653 m H.). Effects of input air velocity (0.05-0.22m/s ) and molten salt temperature (870-970℃) on the gas holdup and flow characteristics have been studied. Molten carbonate as the liquid phase and air as the gas phase have been used in this study. The gas holdup increases with increasing molten salt temperature due to the decrease of viscosity and surface tension of molten carbonate. The experimentally obtained gas holdups in the molten salt reactor have been well described and characterized by means of drift-flux model. The gas holdups with variation of the flow regime have been well predicted.

고등어 및 정어리 선어의 휘발성성분

조우진,김훈,정연정,이영미,정은정,차용준 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2002 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.6

This study was conducted to identify volatile compounds, associating with quality deterioration, which may play roles as indicators for quality assessment in fresh mackerel and sardine. Volatile compounds were analyzed by liquid liquid continuous extraction(LLCE)/GC/MSD methods. A total of 83 and 81 volatile compounds were detected in fresh mackerel and sardine, respectively, and these compounds were mainly composed of aldehydes(12 in raw mackerel, 11 in raw sardine), ketones(7, 4), alcohols(15, 14), esters(1, 3), aromatic compounds(13, 15), terpenes(5, 7), S-containing compounds(2, 2), hydrocarbons(13, 11) and miscellaneous compounds(2, 1). Most of compounds including carbonyls, alcohols, aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons were derived from lipid oxidation, and some compounds were detected from microbial degradation. It was supposed that LLCE method was proper to seek indicators for quality assessment in fresh mackerel and sardine, because of various volatile compounds derived from nonthermal lipid oxidation.

COD/SO₄ 比가 相異한 廢水의 염기성 處理時 動力學에 관한 硏究

趙容璡,全太誠 충주대학교 1990 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.24 No.-

A laboratory experiment was conducted in order to develope necessary design paramenters for the anaerobic treatment with different COD/SO₄ratios. The laboratory anaerobic contact diegesters were fed with a synthetic wastewater mainly containing acetic acid. The chemical oxygen demand (DOD) of the wastewater was 2,000 ㎎/L, however the COD/SO₄ratio adjusted to 1.0, 1.7, 2.7, 4.6, and 13.3. An increment of maximum substrate utilization rate(K) and a decrement of half-velocity constant (Ks) were observed at the COD/SO₄ratio of more than 2.7. At the COD/SO₄ratio of 2.7, the largest value of the maximum specific growth rate(u) as well as the smallest value of the minimum mean cell residence time (SRT ??) were observed.