퍼지 제어기를 이용한 차량의 자율주차 시뮬레이션

박재현,김승철,한창훈,박종오,임영도 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1998 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.1

In a case of driving beginnners, it is very difficult to park a car perfectly because driver's knowledge makes more errors than intelligent mechanism when they are performed repeatedly. However skilled drivers be of experienced knowledge are able to park a car quickly. In this paper, we analyzed driving patterns of skilled drivers, designed the fuzzy controller to park based on it, and perform auto-parking simulation of a car using that controller.

수산화칼슘 처리된 Porphyromonas endodontalis Lipopolysaccharide가 다형핵백혈구의 IL-1과 TNF-α 생성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

박찬제,박동성,유현미,오태석,임성삼 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.5

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a major role in stimulating the synthesis and release of the principal osteoclast-activating cytokines , namely, interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-α from immune cells, Although monocytes/macrophages are the main producers of these cytokines, recent evidence has indicated that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) have the ability to release IL-1 and TNF-α. Calcium hydroxide has been shown to be an effective medicament in root canal infectionsm, reducing the microbial titre within the canal. It has been proposed that the therapeutic effect of Ca(OH)_2 may also be the result of direct inactivation of LPS. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether treatment of Porphyromanas endodonatalis LPS with calcium hydroxide alters its biological action as neasured by human PMN secretion of IL-1 and TNF-α, and it was compared with Escherichia coli LPS. P.endodonatalis ATCC 35406 was cultured in anaerobic condition, and LPS was extracted using the hot-phenol water extraction method and purified. Purchased E. coli LPS was also purified . 100 ㎍/ml of each LPS in pyrogen free water were incubated with 25mg/ml Ca(OH)_2 at 37℃ for 7 days. The supernatants were subjected to ultrafiltration. And the isolates were lyophilized and weighed. PMNs were obtained from peripheral blood by centrifugation layered over Lymphoprep. The cells were resuspended (4 × 10^6 cells/ml) in RPMI 1640 followed by treatment with various concentrations of LPS (0, 0.1, 1, 10㎍/ml) for 24 hours at 37℃ in 5% CO_2 incubator. The supernatants of cells were collected and the levels of IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were as follows; 1. The levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α from PMN treated with each LPS were significantly higher than those released from unstimulated PMN of the control group (p<0.05). 2. The levels of all three cytokines released from PMN stimulated with each calcium hydroxide treated LPS were significantly lower than those released from PMN stimulated with each untreated LPS (p<0.05). while they were not significantly different from those released from unstimulated PMN of the control group (p>0.05). 3. The levels of secretion or all three cytokines were affected in a dose-dependent manner in PMN stimulated with each LPS (p<0.05), but not in PMN stimulated with each calcium hydroxide treated LPS (p>0.05). 4. The levels of all three cytokines released from PMN stimulated with P.endodontalis LPS were significantly lower than those released from PMN stimulated with E. coli LPS (p<0.05).

C-reactive protein accelerates DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission by modulating ERK1/2-YAP signaling in cardiomyocytes

( Suyeon Jin ),( Chan Joo Lee ),( Gibbeum Lim ),( Sungha Park ),( Sang-hak Lee ),( Ji Hyung Chung ),( Jaewon Oh ),( Seok-min Kang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2023 BMB Reports Vol.56 No.12

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker and risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism through which CRP induces myocardial damage remains unclear. This study aimed to determine how CRP damages cardiomyocytes via the change of mitochondrial dynamics and whether survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein, exerts a cardioprotective effect in this process. We treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes with CRP and found increased intracellular ROS production and shortened mitochondrial length. CRP treatment phosphorylated ERK1/2 and promoted increased expression, phosphorylation, and translocation of DRP1, a mitochondrial fission-related protein, from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. The expression of mitophagy proteins PINK1 and PARK2 was also increased by CRP. YAP, a transcriptional regulator of PINK1 and PARK2, was also increased by CRP. Knockdown of YAP prevented CRP-induced increases in DRP1, PINK1, and PARK2. Furthermore, CRP-induced changes in the expression of DRP1 and increases in YAP, PINK1, and PARK2 were inhibited by ERK1/2 inhibition, suggesting that ERK1/2 signaling is involved in CRP-induced mitochondrial fission. We treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes with a recombinant TAT-survivin protein before CRP treatment, which reduced CRP-induced ROS accumulation and reduced mitochondrial fission. CRP-induced activation of ERK1/2 and increases in the expression and activity of YAP and its downstream mitochondrial proteins were inhibited by TAT-survivin. This study shows that mitochondrial fission occurs during CRPinduced cardiomyocyte damage and that the ERK1/2-YAP axis is involved in this process, and identifies that survivin alters these mechanisms to prevent CRP-induced mitochondrial damage. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(12): 663-668]

아파트 평면유형 및 가구특성에 따른 공간사용방식에 관한 연구 : 전용면적 60㎡과 85㎡ 아파트를 중심으로

박수빈,오찬옥,김석태 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.12

The purpose of this study was to determine the space usage behavior for the planning of apartment dwelling units. Space usage was analyzed according to household characteristics of four types apartments sized 60㎡ and 85㎡. Two hundreds ninety-eight apartment residents in Haeundae, Busan responded to the structural questionnaire, which included the space use of the living room, dining room, the master bedroom, and children's room and the satisfaction degree with the size and location of each room. The major findings were as follows: 1) The A₁type dwelling unit plans indicated a desire for the sizes of the second and the third room to be adjusted based on the number of family members. The planning of the public space varied into open or closed plan accommodated to the family life cycle. 2) The A₂ type dwelling unit plans utilized the closet helping the use of two bedrooms. The planning of the public space for the upper groups of family life cycle varied by formal entertainment in the living room and informal entertainment in dining room. 3) The B₁ type dwelling unit plans utilized the balcony and closet for the use of the second and the third room. A variety of public space organizations were suggested because of the family life cycle. 4) The B₂type dwelling unit plans utilized the balcony and closet for the use of the third room. The planning of public space varied by the different use of living room according to the family life cycle and the use of dinning room for the informal entertainment.

우수 사과酒酵母의 分離와 利用에 關한 硏究

朴允仲,金燦祚,李錫健,吳萬鎭,孫天培 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1978 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.5 No.1

Extensive selection works on wild yeasts of fruits were carried cut to obtain strains which are applicable to apple wine making. Among the total number of 1,358 yeast strains which were isolated from various fruit samples collected from the vicinity of Daejeon and other regions of Korea, the strains SH-49, SH-129 and SH-338 were found to be useful. Then experiments on their morphological and physiological characteristics, and on the aspects of practical use in apple wine making were proceeded. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The strains SH-49 and SH-129, particularly SH-49, were appeared to have good fermentation ability, tolerance to sulfur dioxide and to produce fine quality of apple wine. 2. Apple wines made by using the strain, SH-49 and SH-129 contained less amount of total acids than those by other strains. 3. Apple wines of SH-49 and SH-129 were clarified rapidly during the primary fermentation period, and their absorbancy at 430 nm after 45 days of storage were approximately half of others. 4. Apple wine of SH-338 contained higher amount of residual sugar and its quality was superior to others. It is considered that this strain could be used in the production of apple wine of a characteristic quality. 5. The strains SH-49 and SH-338 were identified as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae according to Taxanomic Study of Yeasts by Lodder, however, classification of SH-129 was suspended for further study.

골프스윙시 초보자와 숙련자의 근전도에 관한 비교연구

박찬희,백승국,오성기,김창욱 東亞大學校 附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1997 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Based on the analysis of the EMG(Electromyograpy) level of 3 lesson professional-golf players and 3 beginners under one year career performing drive and iron, pitching swing, this study in EMG analysis between lesson professional golf players and beginners, in club, and EMG contrast left to right muscle at the point of impact, using EMG machine has come to the following conclusion. 1. The active muscle involved at the point of impact turned out to reveal slight difference depending on clubs; yet the EMG of the upper body was noticeable in the left-right triceps brachii - the left biceps brachii - the left trapezius - the right petoralis muscle in sequence while that of the lower body was prominent in the left lectus femoris - the right gastrocnemius muscle. 2. When it comes to the EMG difference in clubs, drive, iron 7 and pitching, the experts' inbetween-club EMG of the left triceps brachii and the left biceps brachii muscle was marked by a statistic significance, novices showing a significance in the left biceps brachii muscle only. 3. To speak of experts only, the right-left EMG difference of the muscle involved in swinging was significant in terms of statistics ; while the involvement of left part was conspicuous in the trapezius muscle, the biceps brachii muscle and the rectus femoris muscle, the gastrocnemius's right part proved to be highly active. 4. Speaking of novices only, the statistical EMG difference of right-left muscle part involved in swinging was significant; the EMG of left part turned out highly significant in the trapezius and the rectus femoris muscle while the gastrocnemius' right part proved highly significant. 5. The EMG difference between experts and novices was remarkable in the triceps brachii and the pectoralis muscle ; the former came up with a high EMG in terms of right side muscle while the latter revealed rather a high EMG in terms of left side muscle.

의약품의 효능별 안전성·유효성 평가에 관한 조사연구(Ⅰ) : 항균제 Antiboiotics

박윤주,최기환,김동섭,박인숙,정면우,임화경,오우용,강주희,박찬웅,김주일 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

새로운 물질이 개발되어 신약으로 탄생하기까지 많은 시간과 노력, 예산이 필요하다. 최근, 우리 나라에서도, 신약캐발이 어릴고 힘든 분야이지만 새로운 신약개발을 총해 얻어지는 분가가치가 막대함을 인식, 연구에 박차를 가하 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는, 의약품 개발 선진국인 미국 FDA에서 발행하는 참고자료 중 항균제 임상편가에 대한 가이드라인 및 주요 임상적응증별 항균제 기발(지역사획회득성 폐렴, 원내감염성 계렴, 급성기관지염의 2차세균감염, 만성기지염의 급성세균성 악화, 연쇄구균에 의한 인두영 및 편도염 , 단순성 요로감염증, 복합성 요로감염증 및 신우신영, 급성 세균성 부비동옆, 항 바이러스제 개발시 전임상단계에서 고려사항, 항 바이러스제 허가와 된련 잉상적 고려사항, 카레타 괸련 혈류감염)에 있어서의 파이드라인 등의 자료를 소개함으로져, 향후 제약사의 항균제 신약개발 및 허가 신청된 의악품의 전임상차료 및 잉상시험자료의 검토 평가업무에 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Changing or unclear interpretations of clinical trial data needed to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of antimicrobial drug products have a times led to confusion and frustration on the part of both applicants and division of these drug products reviewers. The FDA published guidance on desing clinical protocols, implementing, and analyzing data from clinical trials for antimicrobial drug products has been presented and additional companion guidances introduced specific issues to individual infections. This document provides applicants and reviewers with minimal information appropriate for the clinical development of routine antimicrobial drug products and identifies issues common to many antimicrobial drug applications. The agency can use the kind of information to determine whether the antimicrobial drug product under study is safe and effective in the treatment of the specific infection studied.

cis-Jasmone의 합성에 관한 연구

박찬흥,오원택,김정한 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1989 논문집 Vol.21 No.2

A practical synthesis of cis-jasmone (9) from readily available levulinic, acid was described. Levulinic acid ethylene dithioacetal (3) was reacted with 2-mercaptopyridine in the presence of DCC and DMAP in dichloromethane to give S-(2-pyridyl)-4-ethylenedithiopentanethioate (4) in excellent yield. The compound (4) was then allowed to react with cis-3-hexenyl Grignard reagent to produce cis-undec-8-ene-2,5-dione monoethylenedithioacetal (7) in very high yield. Compound (7) when treated with CuCl₂/CuO in acetone afforded cis-undec-8-ene-2,5-dione (8) which was then cyclized under basic condition (NaOH/H₂O, ??) to cis-Jasmone (9) in 81% yield. Thus a very important fragrance compound cis-Jasmone was synthesized from levulinic acid by 5 steps in 63% overall yield.

Capsaicin이 백서 중이점막의 혈관투과성에 미치는 영향

박찬일,이강오 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.2

To investigate the neurogenic inflammation in the middle ear mucosa in rats, capsaicin was administered intravenously and the monastral blue labelled vessels was measured by using whole mount preparations. In groups treated with capsaicin, Many monastral blue labelled vessels were observed in the pars flaccida and tympanic mucosa near the the orifice of eustachian tube, but few labelled vessels were noted in the pars tensa. In groups treated with vehicle without capsaicin, Monastral blue labelled vessels was rarely noted in the pars flaccida and tympanic mucosa near the orifice of eustachian tube. Our results suggest that capsaicin could induce the neurogenic inflammation in the pars flaccida of the drum and the tympanic mucosa near the orifice of eustachian tube of rats and the reaction might participate in early pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion.

재생골재의 산성수 중화능력 및 금속 용출특성

박찬식,김종범,오재일 중앙대학교 건설산업기술연구소 2000 건설산업기술연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

Frequently, wasted concrete was crushed into coarse and fine aggregates for recycling purpose such as pavement materials. However, fine aggregates and/or powders have weak physical strength and absorb much moisture than coarse one, which make them useless for this purpose. In order to avoid just wasting these materials in a confined area, it is worthy to find the usefulness of theae materials which consist of much cement-paste than the other. One of the major component of wasted concrete element is CaO (approximately 30%) which can neutralize acidic solution like limestone(95% of CaO). ANP(Acid Neutralization Potential) and metal-leaching characteristics of recyled concrete aggregate were investigated. Random samples were collected for three months, and then classified with the period of scooping and their diameter sizes(9.52<D<12.7 ㎜, 4.75<D<9.52 ㎜, and D<4.75 ㎜). After pulverizing these distinguished samples, #200-sieve was used to get 1g of power of each sample. Neutralization experiment was carried out with these sample into the acidic solution(pH=1.758, 100 ㎖), respectively. pH difference was monitored right away and 10% solution was decanted for further metal ion analysis. Recycled concrete aggregates showed the neutralizing potential and sample size (diameter) was the one of the major factors, resulting 20% difference of ANP in this test. It was assumed that the surface area for reaction and the content of cement-paste were the main reason of this result. Also, the metal leaching properties of all samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of As, Cr, Zn, Pb, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Al. It was found that the concentration of metal ions was dependent on pH of the solution. At neutral of alkaline pH conditions, there would be little leaching of metal ions and minor environmental problem.