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서울지역 4년제 간호대학생들의 임상실습 유,무에 따른 진로태도성숙
권혜진,김보람,김소연,김수임,성정아,신영미,윤서진,이경진,홍영선,이자형,정덕유,신혜원 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2009 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.43
This study was conducted to investigate the differences in the degrees of career attitude maturity according to the clinical practice experience of the college of nursing students. The convenience sample was 275 students attending the college of nursing in Seoul. Data was obtained through a questionnaire from December 1st to 12th, 2008. The instrument used to measure the career attitude maturity in this study was "A barometer of maturity in career attitudes" developed by Ki-hak, Lee(1997). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chronbach's alpha, t-test and ANOVA with the SPSS 16.0 program. Below is the result of this study. 1. The average score for career attitude maturity of nursing students who experienced clinical practices was 135.56(±12.17): higher than the average score of inexperienced students, 134.37(±12.44). However it could not show meaningful differences in the statistics(F=-.805, p=.422). 2. Determinacy, one of five subordinate concepts of career attitude maturity, was statistically significative. On average, the group comprised of students with clinical practices scored 27.60(±3.81): higher than that of unpracticed students, 26.63(±4.26)(F=-1.976, p=.049). 3. The more academic years they have, except for junior year students, the points of career attitude maturity relative to general characteristics were increasingly higher. The points were 132.60(±11.99) for freshmen, 135.93(±12.72) for sophomores, 133.50(±12.57) for juniors and 138.11(±11.24) for seniors(F=2.714, p=.045). 4. According to the age of the group, the grade of career attitude maturity became higher. The scores were 133.21(±12.34) for 18-19yrs., 134.05(±12.16) for 20-22yrs., 138.43(±10.96) for 23-26yrs. and 148.71(±12.76) for 27-32yrs. (F=5.118, p=.002). 5. The average total score for career attitude maturity of nursing students was 135.00(±12.30). Of the five subdivisions―readiness, conviction, determinacy, independence and finality― readiness demonstrated the highest result with 32.33(±4.46) followed by conviction, determinacy, independence and finality respectively. Based on the results, there are some proposals for further researches. As this research was only for college of nursing in Seoul, it is necessary to compare career attitude maturity with 3-year colleges and other departments. In addition, alongside clinical practices there is a growing need to develop programs that will not only provide guidelines but also prepare students for the maturity of their career attitude.
Haines, Brian B.,Ryu, Chun Jeih,Chang, Sandy,Protopopov, Alexei,Luch, Andreas,Kang, Yun Hee,Draganov, Dobrin D.,Fragoso, Maria F.,Paik, Sang Gi,Hong, Hyo Jeong,DePinho, Ronald A.,Chen, Jianzhu Cell Press 2006 CANCER CELL Vol.9 No.2
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Mice deficient in the DNA damage sensor P53 display normal T cell development but eventually succumb to thymic lymphomas. Here, we show that inactivation of the TCR β gene enhancer (Eβ) results in a block of T cell development at stages where recombination-activating genes (RAG) are expressed. Introduction of the Eβ mutation into <I>p53<SUP>−/−</SUP></I> mice dramatically accelerates the onset of lethal thymic lymphomas that harbor RAG-dependent aberrant rearrangements, chromosome 14 and 12 translocations, and amplification of the chromosomal region 9A1–A5.3. Phenotypic and genetic analyses suggest that lymphomas emerge through a normal thymocyte development pathway. These findings provide genetic evidence that block of lymphocyte development at stages with RAG endonuclease activity can provoke lymphomagenesis on a background with deficient DNA damage responses.</P>
Polyakov, A. Y.,Jang, Lee-Woon,Smirnov, N. B.,Govorkov, A. V.,Kozhukhova, E. A.,Yugova, T. G.,Reznik, V. Y.,Pearton, S. J.,Baik, Kwang Hyeon,Hwang, Sung-Min,Jung, Sukkoo,Lee, In-Hwan American Institute of Physics 2011 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.110 No.9
<P>The electrical properties, presence of deep electron and hole traps and photoluminescence spectra were measured for undoped a-GaN films grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) in a two-stage process using a high V/III ratio at the first stage and low V/III ratio at the second stage. Growth was performed on r-sapphire substrates with a high temperature GaN nucleation layer. The films showed a full width at half maximum of 450-470 arcseconds for the (11-20) x-ray rocking curve with little anisotropy with respect to the sample rotation around the growth direction. The stacking fault (SF) density determined by selective etching was similar to 5 x 10(4) cm(-1). The residual donor concentration was 10(14)-10(15) cm(-3), with a very low density (2.5 x 10(13) cm(-3)) of electron traps located at E-c - 0.6 eV, which are believed to be one of the major non-radiative recombination centers in nonpolar GaN. Consequently, the films showed a high intensity of bandedge luminescence with negligible contribution from defect bands associated with SFs. In contrast to previously studied nonpolar GaN films, the a-GaN layers showed a high concentration of gallium-vacancy-related acceptors near E-v + 1 eV and a strong yellow luminescence band, both indicating that growth conditions were effectively N-rich. a-AlGaN/GaN heterojunctions with thin heavily Si doped AlGaN barriers made on a-GaN substrates showed two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) concentrations of 1.2 x 10(13) cm(-3), with 2DEG mobility of 80 cm(2)/Vs. Capacitance-voltage profiling of Schottky diodes on these HJs suggest that the 2DEG is fully depleted by the built-in voltage of the Schottky diode. (C)2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3658026]</P>
Ju, Seong‐,A,Lee, Sang‐,Chul,Kwon, Tae‐,Hyoung,Heo, Sook‐,Kyoung,Park, Sang‐,Min,Paek, Ha‐,Na,Suh, Jae‐,Hee,Cho, Hong Rae,Kwon, Byungsuk,Kwon, Byoung S,Kim, B Nature Publishing Group 2005 Immunology and Cell Biology Vol.83 No.4
<P>4‐1BB costimulates T cells to carry out effector functions such as eradication of established tumours. 4‐1BB (CD137) is a member of the TNF receptor family, and its triggering by either 4‐1BB ligand or antibody ligation induces T‐cell activation and growth. We analysed tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in the experimental B16F10 melanoma model to determine the mechanisms involved in 4‐1BB‐mediated tumour suppression. 4‐1BB<SUP>+/+</SUP> mice survived longer than 4‐1BB<SUP>–/–</SUP> mice, and survival was further prolonged by triggering 4‐1BB with an agonistic mAb. The number of metastatic B16F10 colonies in the lung was much greater in 4‐1BB<SUP>–/–</SUP> mice than in their 4‐1BB<SUP>+/+</SUP> littermates. Administration of agonistic anti‐4‐1BB mAb increased the number of TIL in the tumour masses in the lungs of 4‐1BB<SUP>+/+</SUP> mice. The numbers of CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T, CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T and CD11b<SUP>+</SUP> TIL increased in these mice. Anti‐4‐1BB mAb induced not only CD8<SUP>+</SUP> 4‐1BB<SUP>+</SUP> T cells but also a CD8<SUP>+</SUP> IFN‐γ<SUP>+</SUP> T‐cell population. B16F10 cells from the lungs of anti‐4‐1BB‐treated mice showed enhanced expression of MHC class Ι and II antigens compared with the same cells from control IgG‐treated mice. Thus, the increase in number of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells and enhanced MHC Ι and II expression in B16F10 cells that result from augmented IFN‐γ production in response to anti‐4‐1BB mAb may lead to suppression of tumour growth and metastasis.</P>
PCR 기법을 이용한 한국재래산양의 α s2-casein 유전자의 특성
이상훈,상병찬,한성욱,김지애,서길웅 한국동물자원과학회 2000 한국축산학회지 Vol.42 No.4
This study was performed to provide the basic data for preservation and improvement of genetic resources according to finding genetic construction obtained from the analysis of genetic characteristics of α_(S2-) casein gene in Korean Native goat using PCR-RFLP. This study confirmed the amplified product of 1.3kb fragment obtained from the amplification of a α_(S2-)casein loci by PCR. The frequency of a α_(S2-)casein genotype in Korean Native goat was 100% for AA type and the frequencies of a α_(S2-)casein genotype in Saanen were 80 and 20% for AA and AB genotypes. The frequency of a α_(S2-)casein A allele was 1.000 in Korean Native goat, and the frequencies of a α_(S2-)casein A and B alleles were 0.900 and 0.100 in Saanen, respectively. The nucleotide sequence of a α_(S2-)casein gene of Korean Native goat was 99.0% homology with 12 nucleotide sequences difference of that of goat reported in GeneBank(AJ238965.1, AJ238967.1) and was 95.0% homology with 57 nucleotide sequences difference of that of Holstein reported in Gene Bank(M94327). Therefore, this study of molecular genetic characteristics by the analysis of genetic polymorphisms and sequences for a α_(S2-)casein gene should be used as basic data for preservation and improvement of genetic resources in Korean Native goat breeding.
Raman signatures of spin-phonon coupling in a self-intercalated van der Waals magnet Mn3Si2Te6
Kwon Chang Il,Kim Kwangrae,Kim So Young,Susilo Resta A.,Kang Beomtak,Kim Kyoo,Kim Duck Young,Kim Jonghwan,Kim B.J.,Kim Jun Sung 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-
We report the results of Raman spectroscopy on a self-intercalated van der Waals ferrimagnet Mn3Si2Te6. Using polarization-resolved Raman spectroscopy, we identify twelve phonon modes with Eg and A1g symmetries, in agreement with the first principle calculations. Below the ferrimagnetic transition temperature Tc ∼ 78 K, we observed a significant deviation of the phonon frequency from the anharmonic model, accompanied by a strong line broadening, indicating a substantial spin-phonon coupling in Mn3Si2Te6. Among twelve phonon modes, this spin-phonon coupling is found to be strong mostly in the out-of-plane vibrational modes. These results highlight the dominant role of the interlayer superexchange interaction in determining the magnetic properties, reflecting the self-intercalated van der Waals structure of Mn3Si2Te6.
하수슬러지 처리를 위한 건조 및 열분해공정의 반응특성에 관한 기초연구
조지영,하상안,정병길,정유진,고현웅,성낙창 東亞大學校 附設 環境問題硏究所 2004 硏究報告 Vol.26 No.-
The Objective of this study was conducted to investigate the reaction characteristics of dry and pyrolysis process for sewage sludge treatment. The important conditions include running time of pyrolysis, running time of dry and pyrolysis process, water content of sewage sludge, total solids amount of sewage sludge(TS%), condition of pyrolysis temperature. Most reaction velocities in sewage sludge are first equation, it assumed the first order and elucidated the kinetics. This was the basis of characteristics analysis of sewage sludge reaction mechanism. As the result of analysis on it, it increases in reaction velocity constant less and less total solids amount of sewage sludge by pyrolysis process.
성병창,이경애,백대현 부산교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2004 초등교육연구 Vol.19 No.-
The goal of this paper is to develop a plan for the 2005 BNUE's annual regular recruitment. We develop a plan in which BNUE seeks to maximize the quality of prospective students based on the main issues in relation to 7th curriculum and the College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT). We deduce the following three suggestions regarding to reflect the CAST score. (ⅰ) BNUE reflects the standard scores of Verbal (Korean) by 27% of the CSAT and Foreign Language (English) by 26% of the CSAT. (ⅱ) BNUE reflects the standard score of Mathematics by 27% of the CSAT, but by adding at least an additional 5.5% of the mathematics standard score if Mathematics type 'Ga' is taken instead of type 'Na'. (ⅲ) BNUE reflects the best three (two in case of Occupational Inquiry) standard scores of Inquiry score by 20% of the CSAT by choosing higher standard score if subjects' ranking percentages are equal.
Novel transport materials for high-performance fluorescent and phosphorescent OLEDs
E. Böhm,R. Anemian,A. Büsing,R. Fortte,H. Heil,J. Kaiser,J. Kröber,S. Leu,T. Mujica-Fernaud,A. Parham,C. Pflumm,F. Voges 한국정보디스플레이학회 2011 Journal of information display Vol.12 No.3
To improve the performance of blue fluorescent and green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode devices, Merck developed novel green phosphorescent host and electron-transporting materials. The newly developed electron-transporting material improves the external quantum efficiency of blue fluorescent devices up to 8.7%, with an excellent lifetime. In combination with the newly developed host materials, the efficiency of green phosphorescent devices can be improved by a factor of 1.7, and the lifetime by a factor of 7.