Genome-wide investigation of a Korean synthetic breed, Woori-Heukdon using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K BeadChip

Yong‑Min Kim,Ha‑Seung Seong,Jung‑Jae Lee,Da‑Hye Son,Jin‑Su Kim,Soo‑Jin Sa,Young‑Sin Kim,Tae‑Jeong Choi,Kyu‑Ho Cho,Joon‑Ki Hong,Jung‑Woo Choi,Eun‑Seok Cho 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.12

Background: Woori-Heukdon (KWH) is a Korean synthetic pig breed generated using Chookjin-Duroc (KCD), Chookjin-Chamdon (KCC), and their crossbreds. Currently, there is a severe lack of studies investigating the Korean breed populations including wild boars (KWB) throughout the genome. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the genetic characteristics of Korean pig populations at the genome-wide level. Methods: Using the SNP dataset derived from genotyped and downloaded datasets using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K BeadChip, we compared the genomes of 532 individuals derived from 23 pig breeds to assess the genetic diversity, inbreeding coefficient, genetic differentiation, and population structure. Results: KWB showed the lowest average expected heterozygosity (HE = 0.1904), while KWH showed the highest genetic diversity (HE = 0.02859) among Korean populations. We verified that the genetic composition of KWH, showing USD of 74.8% and KCC of 25.2% in ADMIXTURE analysis. In population structure analyses, KCC was consistently shown to be separated from other pig populations. In addition, we observed gene flow from Western pigs to a part of Chinese populations. Conclusion: This study showed that Korean native pigs, KCC have genetic differences in comparison with Chinese and Western pigs; despite some historical records and recent genetic studies, we could not find any clear evidence that KCC was significantly influenced by Chinese or Western breeds in this study. We also verified the theoretical genomic composition of KWH at the molecular level in structure analyses. To our knowledge, this is the first genomic study to investigate the genomic characteristics of KWH and KCC.

戰後小說에 具現된 현실인식-張龍鶴의 『非人誕生』과 『易姓序說』을 中心으로-

최용석 ( Choi Yong-seok ) 한국어문교육연구회 2003 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.31 No.1

본고는 한국 현대소설에서 새로운 轉換의 契機를 마련한 戰後小說에 具現된 現實認識을 밝히기 위해 쓰여진 것이다. 그 대상 작가로 선정된 張龍鶴은 觀念的 글쓰기를 통해 인간 救援의 문제에 초점을 맞춘 창작 태도를 보여준다. 그리고 敍事的 戰略으로서의 張龍鶴의 현실인식은 동시대의 다른 작가들에 비해 보다 知的인 立場과 銳利한 觀察力으로 전쟁의 後遺症인 戰後의 不條理를 인간 조건의 본질에 비추어 探索함으로써 확보된 것이다. 더욱이 문학을 통한 사회 참여와 역사적 사명감을 강조한 그의 작가적 태도를 고려할 때, 문학을 사회 현상과의 유기적 관계 속에서 살피는 文學社會學的 접근이 이 글의 목적을 遂行하기에 보다 有效한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구 대상인 非人誕生과 易姓序說에서 張龍鶴은 현대 문명과 그 이념이 본질적으로 虛構라는 사실을 고발하며, 그 극복 방안으로 인간 존재의 本來性이 回復된 자연 상태로 回歸할 것을 주장하고 있다. The purpose of this study is to research the reality criticism and its recovery sense which are materialized in the postwar novels that hold the big part in Korean literature. In order to do execute the research in this study, as the representative writer, Chang Yong-hak was selected after observing the content of the meaning of the postwar novels which are pulled by the various ways to express. The reason why he was selected is that he opened a new literature world which is distinct from the previous writers, and he is still being widely acknowledged in the contemporary time and also in these days. Most of all, his intellectual capability functioned them possibly to obtain the objective viewpoint, and consequently caused the postwar reality to be diagnosed fundamentally. These attitude of recognition on the reality of the postwar writer is closely related with the Korean War which is the direct and indirect background of it. This is proved by the fact that the Korean War was ironically functioned as the abundant material source of the postwar literature by showing the ever most tragic phases than any other disaster of one-race country.

장용학의 『圓形의 傳說』고찰-작가의 현실의 인식을 중심으로-

최용석(Choi. Yong-seok) 우리문학회 2002 우리文學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study is to research the reality criticism and its recovery sense which are materialized in the postwar novels that hold the big part in Korean literature. In order to do execute the research in this study, as the representative writer and novel, Chang Yong-hak was selected after observing the content of the meaning of the postwar novels which are pulled by the various ways to express. The reason why he was selected is that he opened a new literature world which is<br/> distinel from the previous writers, and he is still being widely acknowledged in the contemporary time and also in these days. Most of all, his intelleelual capability functioned them possibly to obtain the objective viewpoint, and consequently caused the postwar reality to be diagnosed fundamentally. These attitude of recognition on the reality of the postwar writer is closely related with the Korean War which is the direct and indirect background of it. This is proved by the fact that the Korean War was ironically functioned as the abundant material source of the postwar<br/> literature by showing the ever most tragic phases than any other disaster of <me-race country.<br/>

戰後小說에 구현된 현실비판과 극복의식

최용석(Choi Yong-seok) 중앙어문학회 2002 語文論集 Vol.30 No.-

The purpose of this study is to research the reality criticism and its recovery sense which are materialized in the postwar novels that hold the big part in Korean literature. Korean War was ironically functioned as the abundant material source of the postwar literature by showing the ever most tragic phases than any other disaster of one-race country. In order to do execute the research in this study, as the representative writer, Kim Sung-han and Chang Yong-hak were selected after observing the content of the meaning of the postwar novels which are pulled by the various ways to express. The reason why they were selected is that they opened a new literature world which is distinct from the previous writers, and they are still being widely acknowledged in the contemporary time and also in these days. We can acknowledge that these two writers developed the new literal field by endeavoring continuously for themselves through the postwar novels.

2.5-헥산디온에 노출된 근로자에게서 발생한 말초 신경병증

조성용,장용석,최은경,김진석,유재영,우극현,최태성 대한산업의학회 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.1

목적: 영상음향장비 제조업체에서 2,5-헥산디온을 취급한 근로자에게서 발생한 다발성 말초 신경병증 환례를 보고하고, 동일 공정근로자들의 말초 신경기능을 조사하고 자 한다. 방법: 환례에 대해 방사선학적 검사, 소변 및 혈액 검사, 신경전달속도 검사, 작업환경 측정을 하였으며, 2,5-헥산디온의 노출을 중단시킨 후 5개월 후에 다시 신경전달속도 검사를 하였다. 동일공정 근로자들의 영향평가에서는 2,5-헥산디온에 노출된 13명의 남자 근로자를 노출 군으로, 해당 물질에 노출된 적이 없는 5명의 남자 근로자를 비노출군으로 선정하여 검사를 하였다. 결과: 환례의 신경전도 검사결과 양측 척골신경과 정중 신경에 이상소견을 보였으며, 호전여부를 관찰하기 위하여 5개월 후 추적검사를 실시한 결과 증상 및 신경전달속도 검사결과가 호전되었다. 동일공정 근로자들의 영향평가에서 노출군의 정중 신경과 척골신경이 비노출군에 비하여 유의하게 감소되어 있었다. 감각 신경의 진폭의 경우, 노출군의 정중 신경과 비복 신경이 감소되었으며, 운동 신경 전도속도에서는 노출군의 비골신경이 유의하게 감소되어 있었다. 말단 잠복기에서는 노출군의 정중신경, 척골신경, 비골신경, 경골신경이 비노출군에 비해서 유의하게 연장되어 있었다. 결론: 환례의 증상과 신경전달속도 검사의 이상소견은 2,5-헥산디온에 의한 말초신경병증에 부합되었다. 동일공정 근로자 건강영향평가에서 신경전달속도 검사결과 노출 군과 비노출군간의 유의한 차이가 있었는데, 이를 통해 2,5-헥산디온이 근로자들의 신경독성에 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수가 있었다. Objectives: This study is a case report of 2,5-hexanedione induced occupational peripheral polyneuropathy. We also investigated the peripheral nerve function of all workers who had been exposed to 2,5-hexanedione in the same process. Methods: In June, 2006, a 2,5-hexanedione exposed worker complained of both hand numbness. He received neurologic, radiologic, laboratorial and electrophysiologic evaluation, including measurements of workplace environment. Five months after cessation of exposure to 2,5-hexanedione, a follow-up electrophysiologic examination was done. We evaluated the peripheral nerve function of 2,5-hexanedione exposed workers by comparing 13 male 2,5-hexanedione exposed workers who were in same company with the patient and 5 male workers who had not been exposed to 2,5-hexanedione. Results: Under electrophysiologic examination, there were abnormalities in sensory and motor nerve velocity, terminal latency, and F-latency of both median nerve and ulnar nerve. After 5 months, the patient symptoms and the results of follow-up electrophysiologic examinations were improved. Comparing the 2,5-hexanedione exposed group with the unexposed group, the sensory nerve velocity of the median and ulnar nerves in the exposed group was decreased. The motor nerve velocity of the peroneal nerve, and sensory nerve velocity of the median and sural nerves were decreased. Terminal latency of median, ulnar, peroneal, and tibial nerves in the exposed group were increased compared with the unexposed group(<0.05). Conclusions: 2.5-hexandione can induce peripheral polyneuropathy in male workers.

정준상관 행렬도와 군집분석을 응용한 KLPGA 선수의 기술과 경기성적요인에 대한 연관성 분석

최태훈,최용석,Choi, Tae-Hoon,Choi, Yong-Seok 한국통계학회 2008 응용통계연구 Vol.21 No.3

정준상관 행렬도(canonical correlation biplot)는 정준상관분석에서 두 변수 집단에 의해서 측정된 다변량 자료에서 변수 집단 간의 관계와 개체들의 관계를 탐색하기 위한 2차원 그림이다. 이는 일반적으로 최용석 (2006, 1장)의 한 변수 집단에 의한 행렬자료에 대한 일반적인 행렬도를 두 변수 집단에 의한 행렬자료로 확장한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 최근에 Choi와 Kim (2008)은 개체들이 많은 대용량 자료에서 행렬도의 해석상 힘든 문제점을 지적하고 이를 극복하는 데 군집분석을 활용하는 방법을 제시하고 있다. 일반적인 행렬도에서 발생하는 대용량 자료에 대한문제는 정준상관 행렬도에서도 동일하게 발생하곤 한다. 본 연구에서는 2006년도 KLPGA 선수 중 상금 순위 상위 50명을 대상으로 정준상관 행렬도를 통해 기술요인변수군(평균 퍼팅수. 그린 적중율, 파 세이브율, 파 브레이크율)과 경기성적요인변수군(상금, 평균 타수)간의 관련성을 살펴보고 군집분석을 활용하여 각 선수들의 군집을 시도하려한다. Canonical correlation biplot is 2-dimensional plot for investigating the relationship between two sets of variables and the relationship between observations and variables in canonical correlation analysis graphically. In general, biplot is useful for giving a graphical description of the data. However, this general biplot and also canonical correlation biplot do not give some concise interpretations between variables and observations when the number of observations are large. Recently, for overcoming this problem, Choi and Kim (2008) suggested a method to interpret the biplot analysis by applying the K-means clustering analysis. Therefore, in this study, we will apply their method for investigating the relationship between skill and competition score factors of KLPGA players using canonical correlation biplot and cluster analysis.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

세균성 뇌막염과 병발된 다엽성이면서 다발성인 화농성 뇌농양 1예

최용석,김정미,한영수,차경만,한정호,조은경,김두응 최신의학사 2004 最新醫學 Vol.47 No.1

C 의과대학에서 문제강의에 대한 학생들의 직접평가가 강의개선에 미친 영향

김석용, 이상진, 최재운, 김승렬, 김용대, 배성은, 김영규 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2012 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

연구목적: 팀티칭에 근거한 통합강의는 최근 대부분의 의과대학에서 시행되는 강의형태이다. 그러나 기 존에 사용되고 있는 온라인 강의평가 방식은 이러한 강의 특성에서 나타나는 문제점을 파악하기 힘든 점이 있다. 본 대학에서는 팀티칭에 의한 통합강의에서 문제강의를 직접적으로 파악하는 ‘문제강의 직 접평가지’를 개발하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 새로이 개발된 문제강의 직접평가지가 강의개선에 끼친 영 향력을 알아보고자 하는 것이었다. 연구방법: 2007년 2학기부터 2009년 2학기까지 충북대학교 의과대학 1, 2학년을 대상으로 문제강의 직접평가지에 의한 강의평가를 실시하였다. 평가지 질문 중에서 두 가지 객관식 질문에 대한 답변을 분 석대상으로 선택하였다. 질문은 첫째, ‘가장 유익하고 도움이 많이 되었던 강의들은 무엇입니까?’와 둘 째, ‘가장 어렵거나 이해하기 힘들었던 강의들은 무엇입니까?’였다. 강의평가를 실시한 강좌들 중에서 2 년 이상 연속적으로 강좌구조와 평가지의 객관식 질문 형식이 변하지 않은 14개의 강좌를 분석대상으로 하였다. 각각 연도의 평균 긍정비율을 다른 연도의 것과 카이제곱 검정 방법을 사용하여 비교하였다. 결과: 14개의 강좌 중에서 시작연도와 마침 연도 간에 긍정비율이 증가된 경우는 13개 강좌였다. 그 러나 통계적으로 의미가 있는 경우는 5개 강좌에서 나타났다. 결론: 문제강의 직접평가지에 의한 문제강의를 판별해 내는 방법은 단기간에 통합강좌의 개선에 효과 적이다.

혐기 및 2단 교호(交互) 간헐포기조를 이용한 하수고도처리에 관한 연구 : 파일럿 규모의 실험결과를 중심으로 A Pilot-scale Study

최용수,홍석원,권기한 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The performance of a newly designed wastewater treatment process equipped with an anaerobic and two intermittent aeration tanks operated alternately was investigated. During the experimental period, several types of cyclic operating schedules with different aeration and non aeration time were examined for the optimization. At all modes, the removals of organic matter and SS were highly achieved. With respect to T-N removal, however, the cycle length for aeration on/off affected the efficiencies. At the optimal operating mode, the ORP bending point indicating the disappearance of nitrate was observed. Considering the influent wastewater characteristics and cyclic operating schedules, it can be suggested that T-P removal is much more BOD/T-P ratio and/or its load dependant rather than the aeration on/off time. The results obtained from pilot-scale test showed the competitive advantage of this alternating process through an omission of nitrate recycle and operational flexibility against influent load variations when comparing with other continuous flow processes.