2.9% 과산화수소를 함유한 부착형 미백제의 임상적 효능과 안정성에 관한 연구

박은숙,성소래,홍성태,김지은,이소영,황수연,이신재,진보형,손호현,조병훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.4

2.9%의 과산화수소를 함유한 시험용 부착형 미백제(Medison dental whitening strip, Samsung medical Co.,Anyang,Korea)를 실험군 피험자 23명, 시험용 미백제에서 과산화수소를 제외한 동일한 제재를 대조약으로 대조군 피험자 24명에게 매일 1시간 30분씩, 2주간 적용하여 임상적 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 Shade Vision, Chroma Mete 및 Vitapan classical shade guide를 이용하여 색변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 실험군에서의 전체 치아의 색변화량(ΔE^(*))은 세 가지 측정법에서 모두 대조군에 비해 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였고 (p < 0.05). 쉽게 인지할 수 있는 정도였다. 2. 색변화는 색좌표 상에서 명도의 증가와 녹색조 및 청색조로의 변화에 의해 얻어졌다. 3. 치아별로는 어두운 견치의 색변화량이 가장 컸고, 측절치, 중절치 순으로 감소하였다. 4. 47명의 피험자 중 5명이 경도의 과민증을 경험하였으나 곧 완화되었다, 치은염증지수와 전기치수검사 결과 시험 전후에 차이가 없어 안전성을 확인하였다. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of an experimental bleaching strip (Medison dental whitening strip, Samsung medical Co., Anyang, Korea) containing 2.9% hydrogen peroxide. Twenty-three volunteers used the bleaching strips for one and a half hour daily for 2 weeks. As control group, the same strips in which hydrogen peroxide was not included were used by 24 volunteers with the same protocol. The shade chang (ΔE^(*), color differnce) of twelve anterior teeth was measured using Shade Vision (X-Rite Inc., S. W. Grandville, MI, USA), Chroma Meter (Minota Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan) and Vitapan classical shade guide (Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany). The shade change of overall teeth in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group (p < 0.05) and was easily perceivable. The change resulted from the increase of lightness (CIE L^(*) value) and the decrease of redness (CIE a^(*) value) and yellowness (CIE b^(*) value). The shade change of individual tooth was greatest in canine, can smallest in central incisor. The safety of the bleaching strip was also confirmed. 〔J Kor Acad Cons Dent 31(4):269-281, 2006〕

FORREST II 궤양 출혈의 적절한 치료 유용성 : 전향적 무작위 연구

김성은,이선영,신정은,주미순,전정현,이경은 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

Objectives : This study is to compare the clinical and cost effectiveness of various pharmacologic therapies with of without endoscopic procedure in the Forrest II ulcer. Methods : Between May 2001 and June 2002, total of 58 Forrest II bleeding activity patients (37 cases of NBVV, 6 adherent blood clots, 9 flat red spot, and 6 flat black spot) with gastric ulcer(32 cases) and duodenal ulcer(26 cases) were analyzed. UGI endoscopy was performed within 12 hours of the first bleeding episodes, and underwent repetitive endoscopy after 48h. All the patients were randomly assigned to receive somatostatin(group I), PPI(omeparzole : group II), only H2 blocker (famotidine, group III), or endoscopic injection therapy followed by famotidine (group IV). We compared with rebleeding rates, changes of ulcer size, and modified estimated costs for 3 day-hospital in four groups respectively. Results : 1) Twelve patients experienced rebleeding(20.7%). 2) The rates of rebleeding were 16.6% (2/12) in group I, 28.6%(4/14) in group II, 5.9%(1/17) in group III, 26.7% in group IV. There was no significant difference in rebleeding rate among the groups, but there was low rebleeding tendency in group III, compared with group II(p=0.087).3)Type of stigmata including non-bleeding visible vessels and adherent clots were associated with an increased rate of recurrent bleeding(p=0.01).4) When modified estimated costs were calculated, group III could be treated at the lowest cost(p<0.05). Conclusion : In Forrest II bleeding ulcer, medical therapy, especially famotidine could be suggested prudently as a proper treatment modality for this lesion, considering the cost-effecti-veness. 목적: 위십이지장의 궤양성 출혈은 대부분 특별한 치료없이 보존적인 치료만으로 지혈된다. 그러나 활동성 출혈이 있는 Forrest II 궤양의 경우는 흔히 내시경적인 치료를 하게 되는데 최근 여러 연구에서 약물치료와 비교 연구가 있었으나 다양한 약물들과 내시경 치료의 효과 및 비용-효용성의 비교는 이루어지지 않았다. 방법: 2001년 5월부터 2002년 6월가지 Forrest II 궤양출혈 환자 68명을 전향적으로 포함시켰고 이중 위암으로 진단된 경우와 내시경의 추적 검사를 거부한 경우 또는 다른 중증의 내과적 질환이 동반된 경우를 제외시켜 58명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환자 58명은 위궤양이 32명이고 십이지장 궤양이 26명으로 비출혈성노출 혈관 37명, 신선 부착 혈괴 6명, 적색반 9명, 그리고 흑색반 6명이었다. 초기 상부 위장관 내시경은 내원 후 12시간 이내에 이루어졌고 추적 검사는 48시간 이후에 시행되었다. 치료는 네 개의 군으로 나누어 무작위로 소마토스타틴 투여군(1군), 프로톤펌프 억제제 투여군 (2군), H₂수용체 차단제 투여군(3군), 그리고 내시경적 지혈제 주사군(4군)으로 치료하였고 각 군의 재출혈 여부, 혈압, 수혈, 궤양의 크기, 급성 출혈 흔적 등을 비교 관찰하였고 입원 3일간의 입원치료비용을 계산하였다. 결과: 1) 재출혈은 12명(20.7%) 에서 발생하였다. 2) 각군에서의 재출혈은 제1군이 16.6%(2/12), 제2군에서 28.6%(4/14), 제3군이 5.9%(1/17), 제4군이 26.7%(4/15)로 각 군의 재출혈 빈도는 차이가 없었으나 제3군에서 제2군에 비해 재출혈이 낮은 경향을 보였다.(p=0.087).3) 재출혈에 영향을 미치는 인자는 노출 현환과 신선 혈괴였다(p=0.01). 4)평균 입원치료 비용은 제3군이 가장 적어 높은 치료 비용-효과를 보였다.(p<0.05).

Bortezomib과 Dexamthasone으로 치료한 골수외 형질세포종 4예

백종현,이은영,장리라,손창배,신은경,서정아,이지숙,이호섭,이상민,신성훈,김양수 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Despite the use of aggressive local and systemic treatment including autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, extramedullary recurrences are common and the prognosis of these patients is poor. Many novel drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib improve the response of treatment of multiple myeloma, but some reports failed to describe thalidomide has effect in extramedullary plasmacytoma. Recent data report on the successful treatment plasmacytomas with bortezomib in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. We treated 4 relapsed or refractory extramedullary plasmacytomas with bortezomib at our institution. We recognized all these extramedullary plasmacytomas decreased and showed more than partial response. This report lends support to the efficacy of bortezomib in the treatment of plasmacytoma and describes the safe use of bortezomib. Responses may, however, be of short duration. Therefore, despite our limited experience, we propose that bortezomib may be considered a therapeutic option for such patients who have risk of radiation therapy

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

두개내 동맥 병변을 보인 혈관형 베체트씨병 2예

박은미,성정준,이정주,강동화,노재규 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

혈관모세포종의 임상 분석

김은성,강삼석,이정길,김태선,정신,김재휴,김수한,이제혁 대한신경외과학회 1998 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.27 No.1

혐기·호기공정을 이용한 생물막법에서 유기물, 질소 및 인제거에 관한 연구

이성기,송영일,김현중,진성기,김은영 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2001 環境公害硏究 Vol.17 No.1

Anoxic and Oxic process with contact media is used to remove an organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage which derives from domestic wastewater. Experiments have been done with various conditions that concentration of oxygen can be 3㎎/ℓ, 4~5㎎/ℓ and 5~6㎎/ℓ by controlling an retention time can be 10hr, 12hr and 14hr, return rate can be 0%, 100% and 200%. As the concentration of oxygen is 2~3㎎/ℓ, The rate of removal of BOD. COD, SS, T-N and T-P is 87%, 76%, 82%, 34% and 24%. As the concentration of oxygen is 5~6㎎/ℓ, The rate of removal of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P is 92%, 84%, 88%, 45% and 33%. In the rate of removal of an organism, nitrogen and phosphorus thus It well be known that the rate of removal an organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus will be increased as the concentration of oxygen becomes higher. As th retention time is increased, the rate of removal of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P is gradually higher in the rate of removal of an organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. Because contact time and contact area will be increased, which generates active substrate transfer and metabolic react according to increment of retention time. As the return rate is increased, The rate of removal of BOD, COD and SS is likely to be increased, In the case of T-N, It is also increased by 28% at 0% of the return rate and by 60% at 200% of the return rate. In the case of T-P, however, It is deceased , as the return rate is increased by 42% at 0% of the return rate and by 30% at 200% of the return. As the return rate is increased the retention time is decreased, which causes less activity of bacteria which affects that the rate of removal of Phosphorus is decreased.

영상데이타베이스 구축을 위한 건축설계도면 인식

이연식,신성윤,김정은 群山大學校基礎科學硏究所 1995 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

This paper proposes an approach to the vectorization and representation of large-size architectural drawing images. The class of drawings considered here is characterized by instances of symbols, character strings and connections. After horizontal and vertical projection of the scanned gray-scale image, symbols, character strings and connection lines are separated using a few simple yet effective generic drawing properties. The approach is based on a modified run-length image representation on a modified run-length image representation and line- by-line processing scheme with a limited amount of image line stored in memory. Within this approach fast algorithms for transformation of a large-size gray-scale image in vector form are suggested. A hierarchical data structure for the representation of these images in vector form, which stores in compact form all the needed information about connected components, segments, and feature points, is suggested. The process steps for obtaining this data structure are described. The experimental results are also shown.

<화엄경>을 통해 본 소설적 상상력과 영화적 상상력

이은성 청람어문교육학회 2004 청람어문교육 Vol.29 No.-

문학교육의 중요한 목표 중 하나인 상상력의 고양은 문학작품을 제대로 읽음으로써 이루어진다. 나아가 우리 주변의 기호(또는 그 작용)를 읽어내는 능력에 의해서도 확장될 수 있다. 영상문학은 문자문학과 달리 처음부터 기호를 사용하지 않는다. 소설의 경우 1차적으로 기호(문자언어)로부터 문학 텍스트가 구성 되지만 영화에서는 텍스트가 먼저 구성되고 이 텍스트로부터 2차적으로(혹은 동시적으로) 기호작용이 생겨서 영화 언어가 만들어진다. 소설 화엄경과 영화 화엄경은 창작 단계에서부터 원전과 상호텍스트성을 보이는데, 작가가 원전에서 해석해낸 의미는 소설과 영화의 장르적 성격에도 간섭해 들어간다. 소설의 서술방법은 작가가 이를 서사시로 여긴 것과 관련이 있으며, 영화의 대사가 대부분 소설의 대사 그대로인 것은 영화가 원작으로 삼은 것이 경전이 아니라 소설이기 때문이다. 소설의 장대한 문자의 서사를 이미지로 압축한 영화 <화엄경>의 영화적 상상력이 보여준 이미지는 소설 <화엄경>과 얽어 읽음으로써 해석할 수 있다. 그리고 두 작품에서 공통적으로 드러나는 사실은 작가의 강렬한 의도가 장르적 관습에 어떻게 간섭할 수 있는가를 보여주고 있다는 점이다. 문학교육의 중요한 목표중의 하나인 상상력의 고양은 1차적 기호(문자 언어)와 2차적 기호(영화 언어)를 함께 읽을 수 있을 때 더욱 풍부해 질 것이다. The development of imagination is one of the important aims in literary education. This development can be achieved by the reading of literary works judiciously and also extended by the interpretation of sign or sign's interaction in our life. Image literature is different from letters literature, in the view point of use of signs. In the case of letters literature, the text is primarily compose of letters language. While, in image literature, the text is made ahead, the cinema language is made of the text which is resulted from the interactions of sign. The cinema Hwaumkyeong shares Buddhist scriptures Hwaumkyeong with novel Hwaumkyeong and have intertextuality of Buddhist scriptures Hwaumkyeong in the level of creation. This explanation shows that the Buddhist scriptures Hwaumkyeong have an influenced on a genre of the cinema as well as novel. In novel, the author have described the original text as narrative. Meanwhile, the author, in film, have described the scenario as the same lines of novel. This result shows that the film is created based on the novel, not the original text. Hwaumkyeong in film is implied by imagine of the novel. When reader find the intertextuality between the imagine of film and narrative of novel, they can interpret the imagine of film readily. The common characteristics of two genres is that author's purpose has been intervened in the acceptable usage of two genres. The development of imagination, which is regarded as one of the important aims in literary education, could be enhanced by the readers, having the ability of reading the letters language and the cinema language at the same times.

혈액투석 환자에서 대퇴신경범증으로 발현된 장골근 및 요근 농양 1예

이준상,강동구,신상열,윤재호,조영일,고성은,유영범,전혜정,진춘조,송종오 대한신장학회 2004 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.23 No.1