Prostaglandin E2 가 신기능장애에 따라 고혈압에 미치는 영향

김형규(Hyoung Kyu Kim),최원충(Won Choong Choi),노정우(Jung Woo Noh) 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.34 No.4

N/A The renal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is primarily synthesized in renal medulla, and is entirely removed from blood on passage across the lung before it enters systemic circulation, and so is called the local hormone. The main physiologic effects of the PGE, on kidney are known as the natriuresis, water diuresis, vasodilatation and interaction with renin-angiotensin system. The authors attempted to evaluate the role of PGE2 on hypertension according to the state of impairment of renal function. The study of subjects were classified as following groups; namely Group A is a 24 normal control person without renal disease as well as impariement of renal function, Group B that of a 23 cases is essential hypertension without impairement of renal function. Group C is a 22 cases chronic renal insufficiency with hypertension of which creatinine clearance 21~59 ml/min. and Group D is a 24 cases with chronic renal failure with hypertension of which creatinine clearance is below 20 ml/min, Urine prostaglandin E2 diastolic blood pressure, twenty four hour urine Na excretion, creatinine clearance, plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone were investigated in all subjects and the interrelations among these parameters were analysed by multiple analysis method. Urine prostaglandin E2 was measured by radioim-munoassay with gamma counter. The NEM prostaglandin E2 I125 -radio-immunoassay kit is based on the use of an iodinated analog of prostaglandin E2 as the tracer. The results obtained are as follows: 1) Urine prostaglandin E2 (Mean±S.E): The value of group A, normal control groups is 365.1±20.65pg/ml., group B, essential hypertension; 353.9±20.71pg/ml., group C, chronic renal insufficiency; 149.1±10.70pg/ml. and group D chronic renal failure 83.3±8.30pg/ml. The value of group A is similar with group B (P>0.05), that of group C and D are significantly decreased in the comparsion with group A and B (P<0.01), while in the group C show the significantly high value in the comparsion with group D (P<0.01), group D is the lowest value among the comparison of group A, B and C (P<0.01). 2) Urine prostaglandin E2 has not significant relation to diastolic blood pressure, 24 hour urine Na excretion, creatinine clearance and plasma renin activity in all groups. 3) Urine prostaglandin E2 has significant correlation to plasma aldosterone in essential hypertension (r=0.489) (P<0,05), but has not significant relation to other groups. This findins suggest that the failure of compensatory protective role by renal FGE2 which is due to decreased PGE2 synthesis according to renal function impairment with diminished renal parenchyme may depend on the machanism of hypertension also is possible to mediate Na metabolism.

추간판내 Prostaglandin E₂ 양의 임상적 의의

김형석,조기홍,김기용,안영환,안영민,윤수한,조경기,Kim, Hyung Seok,Cho, Ki Hong,Kim, Ki Young,Ahn, Young Hwan,Ahn, Young Min,Yoon, Soo Han,Cho, Kyung Gi 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.10

Objective : A prospective biochemical assay of prostaglandin $E_2$ content in symptomatic lumbar disc materials was done in order to clarify the pathogenesis of lumbar radiculopathy. Patients and Methods : Forty-eight disc specimens were purified by a standard solid-phase extraction procedure and analyzed by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for prostaglandin $E_2$. Clinical and anatomic correlations were evaluated with analysis of variance and t-test. Results : Acute herniated lumbar disc diseases tended to be associated with a higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than degenerative lumbar disc disease. Sequestered discs tended to be associated with a higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than extruded discs, which also showed higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than protruded ones. A sciatica and positive straight leg raising test appeared to be associated with a higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than a negative test. Conclusion : This result suggests that the level of prostaglandin $E_2$ would be correlated with clinical symptom and sign in the inflammatory process of lumbar disc herniation.

난소의 황체협막세포에서 E-cadherin, N-cadherin과세포부착에 미치는 Prostaglandin F2 Alpha의 영향

이상희,정배동,이승형 대한임상검사과학회 2019 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.51 No.3

Cadherins are essential transmembrane proteins that promote cell-cell adhesion and maintain the corpus luteum structure in the ovary. This study examined the influence of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) on E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and adhesion in luteal theca cells (LTCs). The luteal cells were isolated from the mid-phase corpus luteum, and the LTCs were cultured separately from the luteal heterogeneous cells according to the morphology of the mesenchymal cells and to determine if steroidogenic and endothelial cells of LTCs, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mRNA were used. The LTCs were then incubated in the culture medium supplemented with 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mM PGF2α for 24 h, and the E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins in the LTCs were detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results revealed 3β-HSD mRNA expression in the LTC but no VEGF2R mRNA expression. The E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins of the LTCs were damaged in the 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mM PGF2α treatment groups, and the expression of the N-cadherin protein was reduced significantly in 0.01 mM PGF2α compared to the 0 mM PGF2α treatment groups (P<0.05). In addition, the number of attached LTCs were significantly lower in the 0.01 mM PGF2α treatment group than in the 0 mM PGF2α treatment group (P<0.05). In conclusion, PGF2α affected the disruption of cadherin proteins and cell adhesion in LTCs. These results may help better understand the cadherin and adhesion mechanism during corpus luteum regression in the ovary. Cadherin은 원형질막에 존재하며 세포-세포 결합에 관여하며, 황체 구조 유지에 필수적인 단백질이다. 본 연구에서는prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α)가 황체의 협막세포(luteal theca cells, LTCs)의 E-cadherin, N-cadherin 및 세포-세포부착에 미치는 영향에 대해서 수행하였다. 황체세포는 소의 황체중기 조직으로부터 분리하였으며, 황체세포 중에서 mesenchymal 세포 형태학적 특성을 가지는 세포만을 분리하여 LTCs 로 판단하였다. 이 후 steroidogenic 기능 및 혈관세포 유무를판단하기 위해 3β-HSD 및 VEGF2R mRNA 발현을 확인하였으며, E-cadherin 및 N-cadherin mRNA를 사용하여 LTCs 내cadherin의 존재여부를 판단하였다. 또한 0, 10−5, 10−4 및10−3 M PGF2α를 24시간 동안 처리하여 LTCs의 E- 및N-cadherin 단백질을 관찰한 후 세포-세포 접착 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, LTCs에서 3β-HSD mRNA가 발현되었지만, VEGFR2 mRNA는 발현되지 않았으며, E-cadherin 및N-cadherin mRNA 모두 발현되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 E- 및 N-cadherin 단백질은 10−5, 10−4 및 10−3 M PGF2α를 처리한 LTCs에서 응집되어 발현되는 것을 확인하였으며, PGF2α에의해 LTCs의 세포부착 효율이 유의적으로 감소된 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 PGF2α는 LTCs의 E- 및 N-cadherin을 붕괴시켜 세포부착을 감소시켰고, 이러한 결과는 황체퇴행의 새로운 원인을 밝혀 내기 위한 cadherin과 세포부착의 역할을 이해하는데 중요한 자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

경구용 PGE2, 질용 PGE2 및 DHA - S 의 자궁경관 숙화에 관한 비교 관찰

우장상(CS Woo),최동수(DS Choi),서병희(BH Suh),이재현(JH Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1983 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.26 No.7

저자들은 Bishop score가 4 이하인 유도분만의 적응이 되는 만삭산모 60명(초산부 10명, 경산부 30명)을 각각 20명(초산부 10명, 경산부 10명)씩 무작위로 나누어 경구용 PGE2, 질용 PGE2, DHA-S를 사용하여 다음과 갈은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 대상자의 평균연령은 26.6세, 경구용 PGE2군 26.6세, 질용 PGE2군 25.7세, DHA-S군 27. l세이었다. 2. 임신주수의 범위는 38~44주이었으며, 평균 임신 주수는 경구용 PGE2군 41.7주, 질용 PGE2군 41.5주, DHA-S군 41.2주이었다. 3. 유도분만전의 Bishop score는 경구옹 PGE2군. 2.0 (초산부 2.1, 경산부 1.9), 질용 PGE2군 2.9(초산부 2.7. 경산부 3.1), DHA-S군 2. 9(초산부 3.1, 경산부 2.6) 이었다. 진롱발현시 Bishop score는 경구용 PGE2군 4.7(초산부 4.4. 경산부 4.9), 질용 PGE2군 5.3 (초산부 4.7, 경산부 5.9)과 DHA-S군 5.9(초산부 5.6, 경산부 6.2)를 나타내었다. 4. 진통발현시 Bishop score의 증가는 유도분만전에 비해서 경구용 PGE2군 2.7(초산부 2.3, 경산부 3.0), 질용 PGE2군2.4(초산부 2.0. 경산부 2.8). DHA-S군 3.0(초산부 2.5, 경산부 3.6) 이었다. 5. 유도시작에서 진통발현까지의 소요시간은 경구용 PGE2군 11.6시간(초산부 11.8시간, 경산부 11.3시간) 질용 PGE2군 5.8시간(초산부 4.7시간, 경산부 6.8시간), DHA-S군 7.0시간(초산부 8. 2시간, 경산부 5.7시간)이었다. 6. 진통발현부터 분만까지의 소요시간은 경구용 PGE2군 12.9시간(초산부 17.3시간, 경산부 8.5시간), 질용 PGE2군 7.0시간(초산부 9.9시간, 경산부4.0시간), DHA-S군 8.8시간(초산부 13시간, 경산부 4.5시간)이었다. 7. 출생시 태아의 체중은 경구용 PGE2군 3.14g, 질용 PGE2군 3.19kg, DHA-S군 3.27kg이었고, 분만된 신생아의 apgar score는 각각 1분과 5분에서 8.7 및 9.9. 7.5 및 9.9, 8.6과 9. 9이었다. 8. 투약도중 나타난 부작용은 경구용 PGE2군 2예에서만 단지 오심과 구토가 있었을 뿐, 질용 PGE2군과 DAH-S군에서는 어떠한 부작용도 관찰할 수 없었다. 9. 정상질식분만 경우는 경구용 PGE2군 15예 (초산부 6예, 경산부 9예), 질용 PGE2군 15예 (초산부 5예, 경산부 10예), DHA-S군 11예(초산부3예, 경산부 8예)이었고, 나머지는 모두 질식흡인 분만하였다. Prostaglandin E2, and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate on the Unfavorable Cervix It is Now generally accepted that the uterine cervix plays an active role during pregnancy and parturition and that dilatation and effacement is not simply s result of uterine contractions, but also depends on an active ripening process within the cervix. Abnormalities in this process may cause considerable obstetric problems, possibly endangering the fetus as well as the mother. Various methods of cervical priming and/or induction of labor has been used by Prostaglandin E2-intravenously, orally, oromucosally, extraamnionically, intravaginally, and intracervically, and Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate on the unfavorable cerxix. A compaisron was made between methods of ripening the unfavorable cervix(oral prostsglandin E2, intravaginal prostaglandin E2, Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) to 60 pregnant women (30 primipara and 30 multipara) between 38th and 44th weeks of pregnancy who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Kyung Hee University Hospital from March to May 1983. 60 pregnant women were devided randomly 20 women (10 primipara and 10 multipara) in each group and their apgar score was 4 or less. The results were as follows. 1. Mean initial Bishop score was 2.0(primipara 2.1, multipara 1.9) in oral PGE2 group, 2.9 (primipara 2.7, multipara 3.1) in Vaginal PGE2 group, and 2.9 (primipara 3.1, multipara 2.6) in DHA-S group. Mean Bishop score after onset of pain was 4.7 (primipara 4.4, multipara 4.9) in oral PGE2 group, 5.3 (primipara 4,7, multipara 5,9) in vaginal PGE2 group, and 5,9 (primipara 5.6, multipara 6.2) in DHA-S group 2. Mean increase in Bishop score was 2.7 (primipara 2.3, multipars 3.0) in oral PGE2 group, 2.4 (primipara 2.0, multpara 2.8) in vaginal PGE2 group, and 3.0 (primipara 2.5, multipara 3.6) DHA-S group. 3. Mean induction-labor pain interval was 11.6 hrs (primipara 11.8 hrs, multipara 11.3 hrs) in oral PGE2 group, 5.8 hrs (primipara 4.7 hrs), multipara 6.8hrs in vaginal PGS2 group, and 7.0 hrs (primipara 8.2, hrs, multipara 5.7 hrs) in DHA-S group, Mean labor pain-delivery interval in each group was 12.9 hrs (primipara 17.3 hrs, multipara 8.5 hrs}, 7.0 hrs (primipara 9.9 hrs, multipara 4.0 hrs), and 8.8 hrs (primipara 13 hrs, multipara 4.5 hrs). 4. Mean weight of baby was 3.14kg (primipara 3.06kg, multipara 3.23kg) in oral PGE2 group, 3.19kg (primipara 3.05kg multipara 3.32kg) in vaginal PGE2 group, and 3.27kg (primipara 3.33kg, multipars 3.20 kg) in DHA-S group. 5. Mean Apgar score at l minute and 5 minutes was 8.7 and 9.9 in oral PGE2 group, 7.5 and 9.9 in vaginal PGE2 group, and 8.6 and 9.9 in DHA-S group 6. Normal vaginal delivery was 15 cases (primipara 6. multipara 9) in oral PGE2 group, 15 cases (primipara 5, multipara 10) in vaginal PGE2 group, and 11 cases (primipara 3, multipara 8) in DHA-S group Remained women were delivered by Vacuum. 7. side-effects during induction were appeared in 2 cases of oral PGE, group (Nausea and Vamiting), and any side effects were not observed in vaginsl PGE2 group and DHA-S group.

질용 Prostaglandin E2 투여에 의한 유도분만 효과에 관한 임상적 고찰

김상우(SW Kim),박기수(KS Park),서병희(BH Suh),목정은(JE Mok),이재현(JH Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1983 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.26 No.6

유도 분만이 적용이 되는 산모 30예(초산부 15명, 경 산부 15명)를 대상으로 질용 PGE₂를 자궁경부와 질후 벽 사이에 있는 함요부에 삽입하여 다음과 같은 결과 를 얻었다. 1. 유도분만 성공율은 77%(23/30예)로 초산부 66% (10/15예), 경산부 87%(13/15예)이었다. 2. 질용 PGE₂정제 투여로부터 진통초발까지의 소 요시간은 초산부 4시간 12분, 경산부 5시간 17분으로 평균 4시간 45분이었고 투약개시부터 태아만출까지의 소요시간은 초산부 12시간 56분, 경산부 8시간 9분으 로 평균 10시간 33분이었다. 3. 유도분만 30예 중 질용 PG단독용법으로 분만유 도에 성공한 23예에서 78%(18/23예)가 정상질식분만 에 성공하였고 질식흡인분만은 22%(5/23예)이었으며, 질용 PG의 투여와 oxytocin 정맥점입을 병용한 7예 중 6에에서 결국 질식분만에 성공하였으므로 이것까지 포 함한 총 유도분만성공율은 96.6%(29/30예)이었다. 4. 질용 PGE₂1정(=3mg)투여로 유도분만에 성공 한 경우는 95%(20/21예)이었고 1정을 추가투여한 9예 중 3예가 유도분만에 성공하여 추가 투여한 경우의 성 공율은 33%이었다. 5. 분만된 신생아의 Apgar score는 1분과 5분에서 모두 7∼8이상으로 양호한 편이었고 태변염색된 경우 는 10%(3/30예)이었다. 6. 고위험군의 산모 9예에 Non Stress Test를 시행 하여 전부 reactive pattern을 관찰하였고 이중 4예에서 Contraction Stimulation Test를 추가 시행하여 모두 negative pattern으로 관찰된 바, 태아감시 도중 이상 소견은 없었다. 7. 투약 도중 질용 PGE₂에 의한 부작용을 타나내는 산모는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 질용 PGE₂는 간편하고 효과적이며 부 작용이 거의 없는 유보분만 제재로서, 5 이하의 낮은 score에도 불구하고 질용 PGE₂단독 사용으로 높은 성 공율을 보였다. Induction of labor for obstetric or medical reasons in an integral part of modern obstetric practice. The standard method employed in the authors` institution has been amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin for many years while, during the last 2 or 3 years, oral administration of prostaglandin E₂ tablets has been used before intravenous infusion of oxytocin to induce labor as well as to ripen the cerⅵx. Also a new ideal method for the induction of labour would be simple, safe, effectⅳe and noninvasⅳe, thereby increasing acceptance by the patient and reducing the risks associated with amniotomy. The intravaginal administration of prostaglandin E₂ tablets which ⅰs the easiest way to apply prostaglandin can proⅵde these benefits. This is a report to determine efficiency of vaginal prostaglandin E₂ for the induction of labor. Induction of labor was performed in the cases of 30 women between 39th and 44 wks of pregnancy who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics of Kyung Hee University Hospital from March to May 1983. The pelⅵc score for induction was determined by Bishop scoring method, and the Bishop score of the patient of our studies were all below 5. The results were as follows. 1. The success rate in induction with vaginal prostaglandin E₂ were 66% in primigraⅵda(10 of l5 cases) and 87%(13 of 15 cases) in multigraⅵda. 2. Mean induction delⅳery time was 12.93 hours in primigravida and 8.15 hours in multigraⅵda. Time interval from medication to actⅳe labour was 4.2 hours in primigraⅵda and 5.3 hours in muitigraⅵda. 3. In 23 cases of induction of labour with only vaginal prostaglandin E₂, normal vaginal delivery was 78%(18 of 23 cases) vacuum delivery was 22%(5 of 23 cases) and in 7 cases who were failed induction delivery by vaginal PGE₂ Only, 6 cases (86%) were vaginal delivery and 1 case(14%) was cesarean delivery. 4. The success rate in case of vaginal PGE₂ 3mgs was 95%(20 of 21 cases) and of vaginal PGE₂ 6mg was 33%(3 of 9 cases) 5. Fetal Apgar score was all over 7 or 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, and meconium stained fetus was 10%(3 of 30 cases) 6. ln 9 cases of fetal monitoring patients, NST was all reactive and 4 of 9 cases who were under CST, they were all negative. 7. ln failed cases with only vaginal PGE₂, successful induction rate with combined therapy of vaginal PGE₂ and oxytocin was 86%(29 of 30 cases), and cesarean delivery was only 1 case.

갈퀴나물 에탄올 추출물의 RAW264.7 대식세포에서 LPS (Lipopolysaccharide)로 유도된 nitric oxide 및 prostaglandin E2 생성 저해효과

남정환,박수진 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2019 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.9 No.6

Vicia amoena has traditionally been used to treat disease of rheumatism, arthralgia, muscular paralysis, abscess and eczema, and it has anti-inflammatory properties. However, validity of the anti-inflammatory activity has not been scientifically in vestige acted so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of V. amoena using the ethanolic extract. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects, we examined the inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on RAW264.7 cells. Our results indicated that ethanolic extract of V. amoena significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production in RAW264.7 cells. The ethanolic extract of V. amoena has inhibited the PGE2 production by 88.0±0.8 % at the concentration of 40μg/ml. This results showed that ethanol extract of V. amoena is expected to be a good candidate for development into source of inflammation inhibitor 본 연구에서는 갈퀴나물(Vicia amoena) 전초를 이용한 에탄올 추출물의 세포독성과 항염증 활성 효과를 평가하였다. RAW264.7 cell(대식세포)에서 염증 매개 물질인 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)로 염증을 유발시켜 nitric oxide (NO) 및 prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)같은 염증 유발 인자들의 생성 저해효과를 확인하였다. 갈퀴나물 에탄올 추출물의 염증 유발 인자 억제 시 저해효과를 측정하였을 때 nitric oxide 및 prostaglandin E2 생성을 농도 의존적으로 현저하게 저해하는 농도인 40 μg/㎖의 농도에서 LPS에 의해 유도된 NO를 36.0 ± 0.5 % 저해하였으며, 특히 PGE2에서는 88.0 ± 0.8 % 만큼 유의성 있는 저해효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 갈퀴나물의 에탄올 추출물이 유의성 있는 항염증 효과를 나타내며, 이러한 효능은 예방의학적 가능성을 충분히 가지고 있기에 염증성 질환의 예방을 위한 항염증 소재로의 개발 가능성을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 차후 에탄올 추출물의 보다 다양한 농도 및 유기용매 분획물에서 염증반응을 매개하는 iNOS․COX-2 등 의 다양한 효소의 발현과 Iκ-Bα의 분해 등 염증반응의 신호전달물질의 변화에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

편평세포암종 세포주에서 N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) Retinamide의 Prostaglandin E2 생성 억제 기전에 관한 연구

황의기,김정현,문성호,김승환,한동희,이수옥,김병화 대한이비인후과학회 2003 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.46 No.6

Background and Objectives:It is well known that Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is the most predominant prostaglandin in squa-mous cell carcinoma and that PGE2 synthesis is suppressed by retinoid. The purpose of this study was to confirm whether N- (4- Hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (N- 4- HPR) suppresed PGE2 synthesis, and investigate its inhibitory mechanism on PGE2 synthesis in squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Method=MDA 886Ln was used as the squamous cell carcinoma cell line. We evaluated the efects of four retinoids (all- trans- RA, 13- cis- RA, retinyl acetate, and N- 4- HPR) on PGE2 synthesis:the effect of N- 4- HPR concentration on PGE2 synthesis and Cox- 2 mRNA, the effect of N- 4- HPR on Cox- 2 protein, and the effect of N- 4- HPR on the cyclooxygenase activity. Results:Among the four retinoids, N- 4- suppresor of PGE2 synthesis. N- 4- HPR suppressed PGE2 synthesis, but N- 4- HPR did not suppres Cox- 2 mRNA or Cox- 2 protein. Cyclooxygenase activity was suppressed by N- 4- HPR. Conclusion:With these results, we sugest that the inhibitory mechanism of N- 4- HPR on the PGE2 synthesis may be suppresion of the cyclooxygenase activity, and Cox- 2 mRNA and protein were not suppressed by N- 4- HPR. (Korean J Otolaryngol 203 ;46 :496-501)

사립체매개성세포사멸 억제를 통한 prostaglandin E2의 7-ketocholesterol 유발 세포독성 보호효과

안경모,이승연,한정호,김두응,이정수 대한신경과학회 2009 대한신경과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Background: It has been shown that defects in mitochondrial function are involved in the induction of neuronal cell injury. Prostanoids such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are thought to play an important role in inflammation and neurologic disorders. However, the effect of PGE2 on cholesterol-oxidation-product-induced neuronal cell injury remains uncertain. Methods: The effect of PGE2 on toxicity of 7-ketocholesterol (7-KCS) was assessed in PC12 cells that were differentiated following treatment with nerve growth factor. The mitochondria-mediated apoptotic process was evaluated by examining the inhibitory effect of PGE2 on 7-KCS-induced toxicity. Results: 7-KCS induced BID cleavage, increased the production of proapoptotic Bax protein, decreased antiapoptotic Bcl-2, increased p53, and promoted cytochrome c release in the cytosolic fraction, which subsequently elicited the activation of caspase-3, DNA fragmentation, and cell death. Treatment with PGE2 inhibited this 7-KCS-induced apoptotic process and cell death. Conclusions: The results show that PGE2 inhibits 7-KCS-induced toxicity in differentiated PC12 cells by suppressing the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic process. PGE2 may protect against cholesterol-oxidation-product-induced neuronal cell injury. Background: It has been shown that defects in mitochondrial function are involved in the induction of neuronal cell injury. Prostanoids such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are thought to play an important role in inflammation and neurologic disorders. However, the effect of PGE2 on cholesterol-oxidation-product-induced neuronal cell injury remains uncertain. Methods: The effect of PGE2 on toxicity of 7-ketocholesterol (7-KCS) was assessed in PC12 cells that were differentiated following treatment with nerve growth factor. The mitochondria-mediated apoptotic process was evaluated by examining the inhibitory effect of PGE2 on 7-KCS-induced toxicity. Results: 7-KCS induced BID cleavage, increased the production of proapoptotic Bax protein, decreased antiapoptotic Bcl-2, increased p53, and promoted cytochrome c release in the cytosolic fraction, which subsequently elicited the activation of caspase-3, DNA fragmentation, and cell death. Treatment with PGE2 inhibited this 7-KCS-induced apoptotic process and cell death. Conclusions: The results show that PGE2 inhibits 7-KCS-induced toxicity in differentiated PC12 cells by suppressing the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic process. PGE2 may protect against cholesterol-oxidation-product-induced neuronal cell injury.

치수 및 치근단병소에서 Prostaglandin E₂, 6-keto-Prostaglandin F₁α, Leukotriene B₄의 분포에 관한 연구

송원준,백승호,임성삼,Shon, Won-Jun,Baek, Seung-Ho,Lim, Sung-Sam 대한치과보존학회 2000 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.25 No.2

Prostaglandins (PGs) and Leukotrienes (LTs) have been implicated in the genesis of pulpal and periapical inflammation. In this study, the relationships among $PGE_2$, 6-keto-PG $F_1{\alpha}$ (a stable metabolite of $PGI_2$) and $LTB_4$ concentrations in inflamed pulp and periapical lesions were discussed. Pulp tissue were obtained in routine endodontic treatment and periapical lesions in periapical surgery after clinical diagnoses were made. These specimens were divided into four groups as normal pulp group (Control group), acute pulpitis group, chronic pulpitis group, and periapical lesion group. Pulp tissue and periapical lesions were stored in liquid nitrogen. The concentration of $PGE_2$, $PGI_2$ and $LTB_4$ were measured with ELISA. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Significantly higher levels of $PGE_2$, 6-keto-PG $F_1{\alpha}$ a and $LTB_4$ were found in acute pulpitis group than chronic pulpitis group and periapical lesion group(p<0.05). Periapical lesion group showed significantly higher mean concentrations of $PGE_2$ and $LTB_4$ than chronic pulpitis group. In control and chronic pulpitis group, significant higher levels of $PGI_2$ than $PGE_2$ and $LTB_4$ were found. These results suggested that the high levels of $PGE_2$ and $LTB_4$ in periapical lesions may be due to rich endothelium., fibroblast and lymphocyte known as the main producers of $PGE_2$ and $LTB_4$. $PGI_2$ may be thought to one of the most abundant PGs in normal pulp tissue.

B형 만성활동성간염 환자에서 Leukoryte Adherence Inhibition ( LAI ) 반응과 그와 관련된 Prostaglandin E2 ( PGE2 ) 직 변동

허영상(Yeong Sang Heo),안득수(Deuk Soo Ahn),김대곤(Dae Ghon Kim),안중기(Joong Ki Ahn),송석현(Suk Hyun Song),이남심(Nam Sim Lee) 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.36 No.1

N/A A leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay was performed for the evaluation of cellular immune dysfunction in patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) B and the effects of prostaglandin E, (PGE,), endogenous and exogenous immune modulator, on LAI reaction were investigated. 1) In patients with CAH, the non adherence index (LAI) was 18.8±1.7 (mean±SE)%, and there was a significant (p<0.001) decrease of LAI as compared to 48.8±1.6% in the antibody positive healthy control group. In chronic HBV carriers LAI was 6.2±1.5%. There was no significant difference in contrast to 8.8±1.3% in the negative normal control group. 2) Changes of the endogenous PGE2 level in the supernatant of the mononuclear cell mixture for LAI were measured and the differences of PGE, levels by specific antigen stiumlation (HBs) and by non specific antigen stimulation (OVA) were calculated. In CAH the difference was -11.4±3.6pg/ml and this was significantly decreased as compared to 19.3±6.3 pg/ml in the positive control group. In chronic HBV carriers the difference was 6.2±1.5 pg/ml and was as low as that in the negative normal control. 3) When only exogenous PGE2 was added to the mononuclear cell mixture, significantly (p<0.01) elevated NAI was observed as compared to the untreated control. On treatment with exogenous PGE, and indomethacin (PG inhibitor), or exogenous PGE, and LiCl (adenyl cyclase inhibitor), inhibitions of increasing NAI were observed. From the above results, in patients with CAH, LAI reflected cellular immunity was declined and this might be related to decreased release of endogenous PGE2 Furthermore, it was suggested that endogenous and exogenous PGE2 should accentuate LAI reaction.