Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

水稻 이양전작(春播) 靑刈 옥수수의 경제성 조사

金基元,徐大振,姜奉泰 진주산업대학교 1972 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

1. The weather condition was good and the cost of producing 7,600Kg/wa of soiling corns was 3,911 Won 2. Appreciate value per Kg was 51 Won, labor-expense was 3,38won, fertilizer-expense 0,16 Won and productive quantity per invested labor-hour was 118Kg, 3. Forage quantity to purchase with the expense of soiling coiling corns sold is as follows:barley is 156,4Kg, corns are 88.3Kg, wheat bran is 165.7Kg, wheat 114.0Kg and nou-fatdrid ricebran is 23.42Kg. 4. After-farming growth and harvest quantity were not different, but the damage of disease was slightly more.

주요우울증이 근로자의 생산성에 미치는 영향 : WHO-HPQ(Health and Work Performance Questionnaire)를 이용한 예비연구

김원,황태연,함병주,이준석,최병휘,김세주,서용진,강은호,우종민 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6

Objectives : Major depressive disorder (MDD) causes patients' distress and makes socioeconomic burden, both directly and indirectly. We used the concept of lost productive time (LPT) to estimate the indirect costs and calculated both absenteeism and presenteeism among workers with MDD. Mcthods : Depression group was recruited from workers visiting psychiatric outpatient clinic who had MDD without major physical or mental disorders (N= 106). Age and sex matched healthy control group was also recruited through advertisement (M=100). All participants completed a interview using WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ), Job Stress Measurement Scale for Korean Employees, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Statistical analysis was performed with independent t-test or χ² test as characteristics of values (p=0.05). Results : The number of absence (0.94-day/month vs. 0.10-day/month, P=0.015) andthe numberofearly leaving (2.56-day/month vs. 0.24-day/month, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the depression group. Depression group evaluated their Perfor-mance level much lower than controls with significant value (5.16 vs. 7.62, P<0.001). In addition, depression group estimated their performance level during the last 4 weeks lower compared to the level of past 1-year (5.16 vs 6.63, P<0.001). The estimated costs of absenteeism in depression group were higher than controls by 2,520,000 Korean Won per year, and those of presenteeism were also higher by 4,880,000 Korean Won per year. The total costs of LPT in depression group were higher than controls by 7,400,000 Korean Won, which corresponds to 26% ofmean annual salary. In addition, the level of occupational stress, such as high demand and interpersonal conflict, was higher in the depression group. Conclusion : Major depressive disorder costs substantial productivity loss to workers and their company. Presenteeism imposes more time cost than absenteeism. Effectiveness trials are needed to devise cost-effective programs for the early detection and treatment of depression at the workplace.

공원묘지 유실에 의한 대량재해의 개인식별

강신몽,이한영,윤중진,이원태,김종열,이영석,서재관,최득린,서지석,이혜경 大韓法醫學會 1992 대한법의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Individual identification of severely decomposed or skeletonized bodies is an important part in medicolegal field. 142 bodies were torn up and carried away by flood in a park cemetry, Kwang-Ju, Kyunggi province, Korea at Sept., 10, 1990. The authors examed the 56 bodies, which were gained, through medical, anthropological, odontological, radiological methods, and superimposition for individual identification. Among them, 41 cases were successfully identified, and remaining 15 cases were not identified because of sever destruction and no adequate information.

KAL기 추락에 의한 대량재해의 개인식별

강신몽,이원태,고영창,최상규,김윤희,이홍석,서재관,윤중진,이혜경,최득린,김종열,윤창육,변명식,이장홍 大韓法醫學會 1991 대한법의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Individual identification is an important part in medicolegal field especially in mass disaster. At July, 27, 1989, KAL KE-803 was crashed on landing at Tripoli International Airport, Liba. The plane was caught in fire and sixty eight Koreans were sacrified. The majority of victims were severely charred and injured. The authors examed all dead bodies and successfully identified all the cases through visual, anthropological, odontological, radiological and pathological methods including fingerprint and blood typing.

한라산 1100고지에서 채취한 대기 에어로졸 조성의 계절적 변화에 관한 연구

강창희,한지숙,김태행,김원형,박용이 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

The atmospheric aerosols have been collected with aerosol sampler installed at 1100m site located at Halla mountain in Cheju island for about 124 days from August 15, 1996 to May 3, 1997, and their compositions have been analyzed in order to investigate the seasonal variation of aerosol compositions and the characteristics of aerosols. The correlation coefficients for the sum of the cation and anion equivalent concentrations showed the values between r=0.911 and r=0.977, and it has been found that the precision of the analytical data was with good satisfaction. The amounts of total suspended particulates(TSP) were in the range of 19.9∼28.6μg/㎥ with the highest concentrations in Spring season due to the yellow sand effect. The average concentrations of water-soluble cations were in the order of NH₄ +>Na+>Mg²+>K+>Ca²+ during the summer, fall and winter seasons, but NH₄+>Ca ²+>K+>Na+>Mg²+ during the spring season. The average concentrations of anions were in the order of SO₄->NO₃->Cl- for the all seasons. The concentrations of SO₄²- and NO₃- showed a high increase through winter and spring seasons due to the effect of the north-west wind, which were 5.95∼6.05μg/㎥ and 1.41∼1.60μg/㎥ respectively. And the Ca²+, the major component of soil, showed a high concentration value of 0.47μg/㎥ in yellow-sand spring season. In the effect of sea-salt with the enrichment factors, the SO₄²-, Ca²- and K+ were found to be flown to the air due to the other factors rather than sea-salt effect. And in the effect of soil with the enrichment factors, the SO₄²-, NO₃-, Cl- and NH₄+ were found to be introduced to the air through the other paths but the soil itself.

희토류금속 용매추출에 대한 분배계수 예측

강태원,김선욱 울산대학교 1995 공학연구논문집 Vol.26 No.2

희토류금속 용매추출공정의 분배계수를 계산하기 위하여 complex 형성을 감안하는 model을 이용하였다. 실험자료를 회귀분석하여 얻은 parameter를 사용하는 방법과 평형상수에 대한 일반식을 사용한 두가지 방법을 이용하여 단일성분계의 분배계수를 효과적으로 예측할 수 있었다. 또한 이성분계의 경우에 단일성분계에서 구한 parameter로 부터 분배계수의 예측을 시도하였다. A model including complex formation has been utilized to calculate distribution coefficients of rare earth metals in solvent extraction processes. For the single component systems distribution coefficients are predicted effectively by two different methods, which use regressed parameters and generalized correlation of equilibrium constant. Moreover, this methodology also has been tried to predict distribution coefficients of binary systems with paramenters regressed from single component experimental data.

클러스터링 기법을 이용한 퍼지 모델링에 관한 연구

원태현,김문수,이용길,강석규 동의공업대학 2000 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

In this paper, a new approach to modeling of static and dynamic systems using clustering techniques. To express the various and complex behavior of systems, we combine multiple model method. The Gustafson-Kessel algorithm is used in partitioning of system, and Takaei Sugeno rule structure is adopted to form the fuzzy rules. According to simulation, the performance of fuzzy modeling technique is evaulated.

제주지역에서 소비되는 식품 중 ^(137)Cs과 ^(40)K 방사능 농도

강태우,홍경애,박원표,유장걸 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2003 연구보고 Vol.17 No.-

본 연구는 제주지역에서 소비되는 식품류 중의 ^(137)Cs과 ^(40)K 방사능 농도를 조사하여, 식품 섭취에 따른 ^(137)Cs과 ^(40)K에 의한 내부피폭선량의 값을 평가함으로써 만일의 원자력사고로 인한 방사능 오염에 대처할 수 있는 기초 자료를 확보하고자 수행하였다. 시료로 채취한 식품류는 농산물 31, 축산물 6, 수산물 12, 임산물 4, 가공식품(차류) 3종류였고 방사능 분석은 고순도 게르마늄검출기가 장착된 감마선분광계로 수행하였다. 시료 중 ^(137)Cs 방사능 농도범위는 농산물이 MDA이하~650 mBq/㎏·fresh, 축산물은 16.6~542 Bq/㎏·fresh, 임산물 MDA이하~131 mBq/㎏·fresh, 수산물 39.1~294 Bq/㎏·fresh, 그리고 가공식품은 MDA이하~834 mBq/㎏·fresh이었다. ^(40)K의 경우는 농산물85.5~l16 Bq/㎏·fresh, 축산물 MDA이하~246 mBq/㎏·fresh, 임산물 50.1~657 mBq/㎏·fresh, 수산물 32.0~483 mBq/㎏·fresh 그리고 가공식품 33.6~l,065 Bq/㎏·fresh 범위였다. 시료 중 ^(137)Cs 방사능 농도가 가장 높은 것은 표고버섯으로 834 mBq/㎏·fresh이었으며, ^(40)K은 커피가 1.065 mBq/㎏·fresh로 가장 높았다. 각 식품류 중 ^(137)Cs와 ^(40)K에 의한 연간 유효선량은 농산물이 66.543 nSv로 가장 높았고, 축산물 19,311, 가공식품(차류) 6.648, 수산물 6,579, 임산물 850 순으로 낮았으며 이것을 모두 합한 총 연간 유효선량 값은 99,941 nSv이었다. 본 연구에 포함된 식품의 1인당 연간 섭취량이 연간 식품 총 섭취량의 60%임을 감안해도 자연환경 중에서 이루어지는 외부피폭에 의한 연간 유효선량 2,400,000 nSv에 비하면 무시할 정도로 평상시 식품섭취에 의한 방사선 내부피폭은 매우 미량이었다. 이상의 자료는 유사시 방사선에 의한 식품류 오염정도를 식별하는데 필수불가결할 것으로 사료된다. This work was conducted to provide the reference data of radioactivity in the foodstuffs at a radiological emergency situation in Jeju Island. The foodstuffs sampled were agricultural(31), livestock(6), marine(12) and forest products(4), and processed foods(3) consumed by Jeju Islanders. ^(137)Cs and ^(40)K activities were determined by HPGe γ-ray spectrometry. The activity ranges of ^(137)Cs were <MDA(less than minimum detectable activity)∼650 m㏃/㎏·fresh in the agricultural products, <MDA∼131 m㏃/㎏·fresh in the livestock, <MDA∼834 m㏃/㎏·fresh in the marine, <MDA∼246 m㏃/㎏·fresh in the forest and 32.0∼483 m㏃/㎏·fresh in the processed foods(tea). In case of ^(40)K, the activity ranges were 16.6∼542 ㏃/㎏·fresh in the agricultural products, 39.1∼294 ㏃/㎏·fresh in the livestock, 85.5∼116 ㏃/㎏·fresh in the marine, 50.1∼657 ㏃/㎏·fresh in the forest, and 33.6∼1,065 ㏃/㎏·fresh in the processed foods(tea). The highest activity of ^(137)Cs, 834 m㏃/㎏·fresh in was observed in oak mushroom and ^(40)K, 1,065 ㏃/㎏·fresh in coffee. Annual effective doses of ^(137)Cs and ^(40)K by intake of foodstuffs per capita were the following order ; agricultural products (66,543 n㏜) > livestock products (19,311 n㏜) > processed foods (6,648 n㏜) > marine products (6,579 n㏜) > forest products (860 n㏜). Therefor total annual effective dose was summed 99,941 n㏜ which is quite low level comparing to the annual effective dose byexternal exposure, 2,400,000 n㏜. The data obtained in this study can be useful for monitoring whether the foodstuffs are contaminated or not at an emergency radiation accident, and showed that the foodstuffs consumed in Jeju are safe in terms of annual effective dose of ^(137)Cs and ^(40)K.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.