하지 분절 각도에 따른 수의 등척성 수축(MVIC)시 근전도 비교

김정자,이민형,김연정,채원식,한윤수,권선옥 한국운동역학회 2005 한국운동역학회지 Vol.15 No.1

J. J. KIM, M. H. LEE, Y. J. KIM, W. S. CHAE, Y. S. HAN, O. KWON. Comparison of the maximum EMG levels recorded in maximum effort isometric contractions at five different knee flexion angles. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 197-206, 2005. The purpose of this study was to quantify the maximum EMG levels and determine if there are differences in these EMG levels with respect to different knee flexion angles. Eight university students with no known musculoskeletal disorders were recruited as the participants. The maximum voluntary isometric knee extensions and flexions were taken from each participant sat on the isokinetic exercise machine (Cybex 340) at five different knee flexion angles (10?30?50?70? 90?. After surface electrodes were attached to rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus laterlis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus, maximum EMG levels at five different knee flexion angles were measured. The results showed that there was no significant difference in maximum EMG levels among five different knee flexion angles. Although there was no significant difference in EMG levels and were some variations among different knee flexion angles, the EMG signals of quadriceps in extension and biceps femoris in flexion were the greatest at 30? It seems that different joint angles or relative locations of body segments might affect the magnitude of EMG levels. Because the maximum EMG levels could change with a different knee flexion angle, an attempt should be made to more accurately measure these values. If then, %MVIC measure provides more reliable data and is most appropriate for EMG normalization.

Metagenomic Analysis of Fungal Communities Inhabiting the Fairy Ring Zone of Tricholoma matsutake

( Miae Kim1 ),( Hyeok Jun Yoon ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Ju Ri Woo ),( Yeong Gyo Seo ),( Gyeong Min Lee ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.10

Tricholoma matsutake, an ectomycorrhiza that has mutual relationships with the rootlet of Pinus denisflora, forms a fruiting body that serves as a valuable food in Asia. However, the artificial culture of this fungus has not been successful. Soil fungi, including T. matsutake, coexist with many other microorganisms and plants; therefore, complex microbial communities have an influence on the fruiting body formation of T. matsutake. Here, we report on the structures of fungal communities associated with the fairy ring of T. matsutake through the pyrosequencing method. Soil samples were collected inside the fairy ring zone, in the fairy ring zone, and outside the fairy ring zone. A total of 37,125 sequencing reads were obtained and 728 to 1,962 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed in the sampling zones. The fairy ring zone had the lowest OTUs and the lowest fungal diversity of all sampling zones. The number of OTUs and fungal taxa inside and outside the fairy ring zone was, respectively, about 2 times and 1.5 times higher than the fairy ring. Taxonomic analysis showed that each sampling zone has different fungal communities. In particular, out of 209 genera total, 6 genera in the fairy ring zone, such as Hemimycena, were uniquely present and 31 genera, such as Mycena, Boletopsis, and Repetophragma, were specifically absent. The results of metagenomic analysis based on the pyrosequencing indicate a decrease of fungal communities in the fairy ring zone and changes of fungal communities depending on the fairy ring growth of T. matsutake.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.

간호 지식관리시스템 개발

민효숙,문원희,김미자,김선미,황윤신,황관옥,심희숙 충남대학교 간호과학연구소 2006 충남대 간호학술지 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study were to develop Knowledge Management System for the nurse and to identify its effectiveness. The program was developed in development of the contents and programing. And the system was operated to 85 nurse for three weeks. Data collection were performed during the period of May 1, 2005 to December 30, 2005. The data was collected from 85 nurses using questionnaires. In order to ascertain the validity of clinical application of the system, Prior experience of the computer mediated communication, user satisfaction and utilization were analyzed. The instruments for the study were satisfaction(Kim, 2000), utilization(Kim, 2002). The collected data were analysed by descriptive statistics, using SPSS WIN 11.0 program. The results showed average score which is the satisfaction(6.09) showed middle satisfaction scores. It is concluded that if Nursing Knowledge Management System is operated considering all the above factors, It wound be one of the best qualified continuing clinical method for nurses.

Cloning and mRNA Expression Analysis of the Gene Encoding Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase of the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Tricholoma matsutake

( Hyeok Jun Yoon1 ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake grows symbiotically with Pinus densiflora. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (E.C. 4.3.1.24) catalyzes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid. The role of fungal phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, however, has not been clear until now. In this study, the gene encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), which was isolated from T. matsutake, was cloned and characterized. The PAL gene (tmpal) consists of 2,160 nucleotides, coding for a polypeptide containing 719 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of tmpal from T. matsutake shows high identity (70%) with that from Laccaria bicolor. Comparative analysis of the PAL genes among T. matsutake and other species of the class Agaricomycetes showed that both active sites and binding sites were significantly conserved among these genes. The transcriptional analysis of the PAL gene revealed a differential gene expression pattern depending on the developmental stages (mycelium, primordium, stipe, pileus, and gills) of T. matsutake. These results suggest that the PAL gene in T. matsutake plays an important role in multiple physiological functions.

청소년기 학생의 학교 근린환경 이용과 불건전 행동 유형

김윤자,박선희 한국 가정과 교육 학회 2000 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between the school neighborhood environment and adolescents' behaviors. A questionnare was distributed to 221 high school students from June 27, 1997 to July 16, 1997 in chonju. In this study SAS package was used. The statistical methods such as frequency, mean, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and T-Test were applied. The result of this study were as follows. 1) The school neighborhood environment of B high school included much more problematic places than A high school in 20 minutes distance on foot. So B high school students visited problematic places more frequently than A high school students(p<.05). 2) Both of A high school students and B high school students didn't be satisfied about the school neighborhood environment. The degree of satisfacton for school environment of A high school student was higher than that of B.(p<.001). The number of benefit facilities, the degree of cleanness, and the safety from automobiles positively influenced the satisfation for school neighbor envirionment, while the number and visiting of harm facilities negatively satisfation. 3) The problematic behaviors of B high school students was higher than A high school students(p<.05).

무용학에 있어 무용사회학 정립의 의의와 과제

김세정,이윤자,이근모 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1996 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Developement of dance acadamy has not be developed much, content, object and territory of dance academy are not clear as well. Under these circumstances, we need much effort of studys, and need to study of dance in whole territory for developement of dance academy. Especially, theoretical stands of sociology of dance is need immediately under the present society. Social roll and function of dance, and dance roll and function of society are already recognized. These points are dealt in folklore. These phenomena are due to that there were not studies about unique dance studies, and not only qualities of studies but also qualities of studies are not much comparing to other academies. Lately, some of these about dance are published, and dance theorists are growing. In this time, We need to arrange dance field and to take a triangular position in the sociology of dance as a stimulant, confrontation. As more, sociology of dance is required to take a triangular position as one field of sociology to corver all the social area, as soon as revising to pursue only a aesthetical value of dance. So, next are Meannings and assignments of the sociology of dance according needs of sociology needs of sociology of dance standing. Meannings of the sociology of dance standing 1) It will make develope Dance acadamy, and stimulate the groping of the systematic domain of dance. 2) It will popularization of dance, because it can make clear the phase of position of dance in the practical side rather than ideal side. 3) It will easily make sociology of dance to take part in similar study, like dance aesthetics, dance philosophy and art theory. 4) General, objective and scientific criticism will be possible in criticicizing dance, because it adds not only aesethetic objection but also social side. 5) Choreographers can be interested in social problems, because sociology of dance is getting important, therefore deep creation can be achieved. 6) The populace's response can be high after PHASE 5), the recognition about dance can meet new aspects. 7) Rather serious and systematic studies can be proceeded, through considering dance in relation to society. 8) It will offer a chance to sociology of dance to take important position in a curriculum of dance academy. 9) It is very helpful to similar studies, because studies of sociology of dance are related to general studies of all field of society. 10) More social scientific experimentation studies will be developed, which is differed from present comprehensive studies. 11) It will present our dance socioty' direction, moving formore, our socioty'direction also. Assignments of the sociology of dance standing 1) The exact sociology of dance standing should be set up after discussing specific and purpose of dance. 2) Reserching content should be chosen after arrangement of dance conception and selection of research object. 3) Research territory has to be discussed by arrangement of research content. 4) Adaptable research method for sociology of dance has to be studied. 5) It should be studied about thoretical background of sociology of dance and boundary and theory application of sociology. 6) The people studing sociology of dance should be multitudinous. 7) The meeting and institude studying sociology of dance are acutely required and lots of qualitive and quantive research are needful.

브랜드 시각 아이덴티티를 이용한 프로스포츠구단의 브랜드 전략에 관한 연구

김숙자,김륭희,나윤수 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

Today, with the 21 century just around the conner, people and companies all over the world are concerned about how to make and manage a intangible asset named "brand". A brand is not a name of a product any more, but one of the most important elements of the field of image management and its successful strategy, which companies would use to obtain the competitive ascendancy. Especially, brand "Visual Identity" has an unification of different brands from one company( sports team) or differentiation of the brands for establishing its brand image. When a product design meets expectation of customers and the visual element of its unified image makes the product different showing special qualities of the product. A tendency of consumption of the professional sports is to bring its image(services) forward rather than it functional aspects, we need to have a new understanding of the symbol, emblem, character and color of a professional sports team. The professional sports team can win over customer(fan) unless they have to distinguish from other teams by their's own emblem, character and color. Also they make the best use of these visual factors, they strengthen the customer's(fan's) unity. In conclusion, professional sports teams are trying to communicate to their fans' the needs of the times with a consistent policy about brand visual identity. Thus each professional team must make strategy about the brand image, investigate, analyze and apply various customer needs(experiences) to business when developing brand.

Effects of Conomitant Micro-organisms in a Culture Medium of Entamoeba histolyica on the Establishment of Abscesses in Hamster Livers

김경래,박 현,정윤자,김숙향,소진탁 INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1991 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.22 No.1

통상적인 이질아메바 배지내에는 분변에서 유래된 각종 세균 특히 장내세균등이 배지에 첨가한 항균제에 의하여 차츰 감소되기는 하나 대부분의 경우 몇 가지 종류는 그대로 남아 있어 특수한 무균처치(axenization)를 하지 않을 경우 거의 영구적인 공존 미생물(concomitant micro-organism)로서 이질아메바 배지에서 없어지지 않는다. 본 연구는 현재 실험실에서 계대 보관중인 10개 이질아메바를 대상으로 그 배지 modified Boeck-Drbohlab's diphasic medium으로부터 6가지 공존 세균을 분리하였다. 즉 Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas hydrophilus, unidentified gram negative Diplococcus, glucose-gas negative but not Salmonella등 6개 종류를 검출하였는데 그중 E. coli 및 D. pneumoniae와 또 TTY-SB monophasic 배지내의 이질아메바 공존 원충인 Crithidia sp.를 재료로 하여 그들이 이질아메바의 간농양 형성에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 검토한 바 그 얻어진 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) Escherichia coli는 간조직내에서 약 1개월 또는 그 이상 생존 가능하다 단독으로는 병변을 야기할 수 없었고 이질아메바와 공존시 아메바성 간농양 형성을 조장하였다. 2) K. pneumoniae는 단독으로는 간조직에 농양을 형성하지 않았으나 아메바성 간농양 형성은 조장하였다. 3) Crithidia sp.는 간조직에서 병변을 야기하지 않았고 6시간 이내에 소실되나 이질아메바와 섞여 간조직에 주입할 경우 아메바성 농양 형성을 조장하였다. 4) 무균적으로 배양된 이질아메바는 간조직에 주입하여도 농양형성을 볼 수 없었으나 배지에 Escherichia coli를 혼합한뒤 6시간 경과된 아메바성 간농양 형성이 가능하였다. 이상의 성적으로 미루어 이질아메바 배지내 공존 세균과 무균배지내 이질아메바는 각각 단독으로는 간농양을 형성할 수 없으나 특수미생물과 이질아메바가 일정한 시간 공존하면 세균이 이질아메바의 병원성을 조장하여 아메바성 간농양이 더 촉진되는 것으로 생각된다.

관중의 관여도 수준에 따른 경기장 시설 및 서비스 만족에 관한 연구

김숙자,김륭희,나윤수 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to assess the satisfaction of stadium physical environments among groups of spectators' involvement level. Stadium physical environmental factors evaluated in this study were ticketing system, parking area, restroom, signage, customer service, accessibility, convenience of using accommodation and comfort seating & layout accessibility. Spectators were divided into three involvement groups(Low-level, Medium-level, High-level) based on their level of frequency of spectators' visiting. Rresults showed that spectator who had different level of involvement satisfied the stadium physical environments differently. That is, spectator who has High- involvement level satisfied the stadium physical environments more positively compare to spectator who has low- and medium involvement level.Ⅰ