Production and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in Chitin Catabolic Cascade from a Bacterial Strain Isolated from Soil

( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Jeong In Lee ),( So Yeon Park ),( Yoo Kyeong Jang ),( You Bin Lim ),( Hye Yoon Lee ),( Young Min Jung ),( Hae Chang Lee ),( Jong Hwa Lee ),( Shaheen Amna ),( Jae Kweon Park ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2019 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The present study was aimed to isolate the bacteria producing chitinolytic enzymes including chitin deacetylase (CDA) from soil origin. About 24 bacteria were screened for their chitinolytic enzymes producing ability on the basis of colloidal chitin. Amongst one of the most potent isolates designated to JI-02 was further selected as the most prominent chitinolytic and CDAlike enzyme (CDA-X) producer based on the ability of deacetylation of an artificial substrate pNP-acetamilide. The maximum production of CDA-X in crude enzyme from JI-02 was observed in the presence of 1% colloidal chitin at 37°C and pH 6.4 after 120 h of incubation. Potent enzyme activity of CDA-X was determined toward pNP-acetamilide, demonstrating that optimal pH, temperature and ionic strength of the CDA-X were assessed to be 7.0, 52°C and 125 mM, respectively. Unexpectedly, Nacetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was not fully converted by the action of CDA-X to glucosamine (GlcN) under the established conditions. Further study on enzyme activity toward chitin-oligosaccharides consisting of multi-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)n, n=2-5 may be necessary to elucidate the mode of action which requires the minimum size of (GlcNAc)n. However, our data suggest that CDA-X can convert chitin to chitosan with the maximum yield of approximately 0.08g/L during the fermentation of the strain in the presence of chitin. Furthermore, we found that crude enzyme showed the significant chitosanolytic activity. Taken together, our data suggest that the strain JI-02 may be a potential candidate as a particular strain for better understating of chitin catabolic pathway.

손마사지가 허혈성 심질환 환자의 불안에 미치는 효과

현경선,이향련,공송심,윤경자,김현섭,김효남,최지원,김운정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this stuffy was quail-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unfit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blond pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, It Is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.

데이터 글러브를 이용한 손 제스처 기반 3차원 게임 구현

유다연,권차욱,곽지민,백화현,김이조,차경애 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2010 情報通信硏究 Vol.7 No.1

데이터 글러브(Data Glove)는 손 제스처를 정의하여 시스템을 제어하는 입력장치로 가상현실기술 및 교육, 의료, 산업분야에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 이는 가상현실 속에 존재하는 사물을 현실에서 제어하게 함으로써 사용자에게 마치 현실 세계의 사물을 제어하는 느낌을 주는 장점을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 이러한 데이터 글러브의 장점을 이용하여 3차원 게임에 적용시키는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 데이터 글러브로 제스처를 정의하고, 트래커(Tracker)와 연동하여 시스템을 구현한다. 구현된 시스템을 실험하기 위해서 OpenGL로 인형 뽑기 게임을 구현하고 사용자가 데이터 글러브를 착용 후 정의된 제스처를 통해 게임을 제어하도록 한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 사용자들에게 좀 더 높은 몰입감을 제공하며, 향후 게임 산업 발전에도 많은 영향을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 주폐포자층 폐렴에 대한 고찰

주지현,최정현,이동건,백지연,고윤호,이혜정,김세희,신호진,박윤희,박지영,김유진,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Background : Pneumocytitis cainii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised hosts especially such as AIDS or cancer patients. Although recent research had focused on PCP in AIDS patients, few studies have described the clinical presentations of PCP in recipients of stem cell transplantation (SCT). We evaluated the clinical manifestations of PCP in SCT patients admitted at St. Mary's hospital, Seoul, Korea. Methods : The medical records of 17 PCP patients undergoing SCT between Feb. 1998 and Feb. 2000 were reviewed. The diagnosis of PCP was confirmed through the demonstration of Pneumocytitis cainii via either cytology of brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) or histological technique of lung biopsy. CMV disease and CMV infection were confirmed by BAL culture and antigenemia respectively . Results : Seventeen patients were all recipients of allogeneic SCT and 7 of 17 patients were performed non-sibling SCT. Patients presented with symptoms including brief period (4 ∼23 days) of fever (76%), dyspnea (70%), cough (64%), and signs such as rare(58.8%), Sixteen patients (94%) had been receiving immunosuppressive agent such as cyclosporine A (64%) or Fk506 (35%) without PCP prophylaxis. Eleven patients (64%) were treated with corticosteroid with mean dose of 16 mg/day prednisolone and mean duration of 4.6 months after post-SCT period. Twelve patients were co-infected with CMV. Another co-infected miCroorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza virus, Average duration of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) was 21 ±9 days. Four patients died, and three of them were related with PCP. Conclusion : PCP developed frequently in patients who were taking immunosuppressive drug due to graft versus host disease or were not taking TMP/SMX prophylaxis. High risk patients showing fever, cough, or dyspnea should be considered to take early bronchoscopic intervention for detection of PCP. When treat for PCP, it also be considered to the possibility of coinfection such as CMV. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:273∼279, 2001)

간호사-의사 협력, 직무자율성과 조직몰입의 관계

홍지연,김옥현,이은경 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate and analyze the state of the relationship among nurse-doctor collaboration, job autonomy and organizational commitment. Method: The 304 participants were obtained who were working at a General ward, Intensive care unit and Operation room in three university hospitals located in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire from March 2d to April 10th, 2009. The collected data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Scheff test and Pearson's correlation on SPSS Win 16.0. Result: There was a significant relationship among nurse-doctor collaboration, job autonomy and organizational commitment. The level of appointment, clinical experience and current hospital experience of nurses affected significantly nurse-doctor collaboration, job autonomy and organizational commitment. The age of nurse had the relation nurse-doctor collaboration and organizational commitment. The relationship between the nurse's working area and job autonomy had positive correlation. Conclusions: The findings of study suggest that the program enhancing the collaborated relationship between nurses and doctors is important to improve nurse's job autonomy and organizational commitment under the situation of citizen's demanding more advanced medical service.

매복 정도에 따른 대구치 이소맹출의 치험례

이지현,김지연,박기태 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

이소맹출은 치아가 비정상적인 위치나 방향으로 맹출하는 것으로 정의되며 구치부에서는 근심측으로 맹출하여 인접치아의 치근 흡수나 조기 탈락을 야기하여 공간 상실을 일으킬 수 있고, 부분 맹출된 경우 치은 하방의 치아우식 위험성이 증가하고 농양을 형성할 수도 있다. 구치부의 이소맹출 가운데 66% 정도는 가역적인 경우로 특별한 치료 없이 자연적으로 정상적인 맹출이 일어나며, 비가역적인 이소맹출의 경우에는 치아의 맹출 상태, 인접치에 의해 매복된 양, 인접치의 동요도, 통증이나 감염 여부 등의 여러 요인을 고려하여 본격적인 치료가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 비가역적으로 이소맹출된 상악 제1대구치와 하악 제2대구치를 치간이개 고무줄, modified Halterman appliance 그리고 외과적 노출 후 modified Halterman appliance를 이용한 방법 등으로 정상적인 맹출을 유도한 증례를 보고하는 바이다. Ectopic eruption is defined as the eruption of the tooth in an abnormal position or orientation. In the molar region, ectopic eruption may cause distal root resorption and premature exfoliation of the neighbor teeth and uncontrolled space loss is followed. Prolonged partial impaction of the permanent molar may also cause undetected caries or abscess formation of the neighbor teeth. While 66% of ectopically erupting permanent molars are corrected spontaneously without treatment, the treatment is necessary for the irreversible ectopic eruption cases. The optimal treatment approach depends on a number of factors including the clinical eruption status of the molar, amount of enamel ledge and the mobility of the neighbor tooth, and the presence of pain or infection. This case report presents the results of treatment of the ectopically erupting maxillary first permanent molars and mandibular second molars using elastic separators or modified Halterman appliance with or without surgical approach.

사회적 지지의 개념모델

강지연,김현숙 김천과학대학 2001 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.27 No.-

Social support has been wildly used concept in the field of health science as well as in the social science. A positive relationship between social support and health is generally accepted in the literature. However, the set of dimensions used to define social support is inconsistent. This study was designed to analyse the concept of social support and to propose a conceptual model of social support. Social support has two different dimensions, functional and structural, and the social integration or embededness connects these two dimensions. In the contest of structural dismension support is an interpersonal process embedded in an array of social exchanges. Researchers who cling to this idea have focused on the social network and support system of clients. Functional aspect of social support suggests four of most frequently used defining attributes of the concept: emotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal. This type of researchers recognizing the importance of support for continued functioning and wellbeing, especially in time of stress and crisis. As an intervention strategy, the provision of social support is highly valued in nursing.

덕성여자대학생의 진로미결정(Career Indecision)요인과 자기효험성(Self-Efficacy Expectation)과의 관계

길형석,이지연 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1997 學生生活硏究 Vol.13 No.-

본 연구는 1993년 가을학기에 등록한 덕성여자대학생(n=507)을 대상으로 자기효험성(Self-Efficacy Expectations)과 진로미결정(Career Indecision)요인, 기타 세부인적사황과 관련된 변인들 - 나이, 학년, 소속 단과대학, 사회경제적지위(Socio Economic Status), 부모의 학력, 학교외의 특별활동, 일의 경험, 고향, 대부분의 교육을 받은 학교의 위치, 졸업후의 연장교육계획등 -과의 상관관계를 알아보고 이들 변인들중 진로를 결정한 그룹과 미결정한 그룹 여학생과의 차이점을 설명하려는데 그 목적이 있으며, 직업에 대한 구체적 준비와 진로에 대한 그들의 의식화요소, 자신과 일의 세계에 대한 탐색을 통하여 여대생의 진로개발과정을 이해하려는 데 있다. 세부직무분석 (Task-Specific Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale)도구를 통해 자기효험성을 측정하고, 진로측정도구(Career Decision Scale)를 통해 진로미결정 4가지 요인을 측정하였으며, 기타 세부인적사항변인들은 여성이 진로개발 문헌자료 및 선행연구를 통하여 선택되어져 중회귀분석을 통하여 가장 중요한 변인을 판별하여 본 연구 질문에 합당하게 통계처리되었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 보다 근본적인 여대생의 진로태도를 이해하고 여성의 진로이론을 바탕으로한 실제적 진로상담이 이루어질 것이 제안된다. 여대생들에게 일반적으로 나타나는 높은 점수의 언어/대인관계직무와 관련된 각종 직업군의 소개와 탐색 정보를 제공하고 교육훈련기회까지 확장되는 진로상담의 역할이 요구되어진다. 한편 여대생을 비전통직(남성직) 직업 선택으로 유도하기 위한 기술관련 자기효험기대치를 높여주는 진로전환과정의 프로그램도 개발되어야 할 것이다. 여성 스스로의 직업에 대한 태도 및 인식전환도 중요한 과제이므로 직업인으로써의 여성역할모델을 제공하고 그것을 생애를 통해 개발할 수 있도록 여성의 생애경력개발 프로그램까지 진로상담에 포함시켜 활성화하여야 할 것이다. 아울러 학교차원에서 매년 대학입학생과 졸업생을 대상으로 그들의 진로의향을 조사하고 그것을 토대로 교양과목을 개설하여 일의 세계(The World of Work)에 대한 간접경험 및 지식의 기회를 제공함으로 원하는 진로와 관련된 자기효험기대치를 높여 성공적인 여성의 생애경력을 위한 토대를 마련함이 바로 교육과 일(School to Work)과의 효과적인 연계체계라 제안하며, 끝으로, 여대생의 진로방향과 일치된 정확한 일의 정보 및 노동시장의 동향을 체계적으로 제공하는 일도 여성의 성공적인 생애경력 개발을 유도하는 여자대학교의 역할이라 제안한다. This study was designed to investigate the utility of Bandura's self-efficacy theory in relationship to the understanding and treatment of the career indecision of female students in Korea, The total subject were 507 female undergraduate students enrolled in 1993 Autumn semester at the Ducksung Women's University. Focuses were upon investigating relationships between career indecision measured by the Career Decision Scale(CDS) and self-efficacy expectations measured at the task-specific level. The major purpose of the study were to 1) investigate the relationship between women's career indecision and self-efficacy expectations, and other selected background characteristics such as age, grade level, major field. social economic status(SES), parent's educational background, additional enrichment educational activities, previous work experience, location where most education was completed, hometown, educational and career plan after completion of college and attitude regarding planning family and its influence on their career plans, and 2) to describe the differentiation between decided and undecided students on the suggested variables. A short form of background characteristics questionnaire was used to measure extrneous variables. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used to analyze the data. In order to meet research questions 1,2,3, canonical correlation analysis was performed. Discriminant analysis was also used for questions 4 and 5. In addition, due to the many dummy variables, one technical strategy for deciding what background variables to include in the independent variable set for this cannoical correlation was used. The strategy was to run the multiple regression on each of the dependent variables in order to decide which of the independnet variables are important(significant). There were 8 regressions of 4 sub-scales of CDS and 4 sub-scales of TSOSS with selected background characteristics. Only the sets of dummy variables that were demonstrated to be important by the regression analysis were included in the canonical correltiaon. When using multiple regression, regression assumptions regarding multicollinearity and residuals were checked. There was not evidence that the assumptions were violated. According to the findings, there are different sub-types of undecided students. Therefore, a counselor is recommended to proceed differently with students who are undecided because they are confused and lack information about occupations than with those who are undecided because several occupations have greats appeal for them. Especially, an educational policy maker should pay attention to the fact that females placed on decided group tended to show higher needs for support and external barriers in making career decisions. Therefore, educational policy makers are recommended to provide adequate policy for school to work transition to implement their career decisions in the college school life. For example, the work experiences or internship program in the college school fear should encourage the females to practice their intended career direction by providing a broadening opportunity. This study was relational in nature. A relational study cannot establish cause and effect relationships between variables. Therefore, the investigator sought only to explain and predict relationships among variables. Comparative research is recommended to determine the extent to which these findings are applicable in other education settings and different cultures.

신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교

김지양,김영선,김춘실,박현숙,신미영,윤연숙,조유숙,박미미,유문숙 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception (4.07±.44) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors (3.57±.37). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.

비파괴적 분석법을 활용한 활음진 함유 에멀젼의 인체효능평가

배지현,안성연,이해광,안순애,문성준,장이섭 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

최근 한방화장품이 각광을 받으면서 한방에서 말하는 피부개선효과에 대한 적절한 평가법을 찾는 연구가 많이 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 피부 항산화 효과가 우수한 산사자, 당귀, 홍화, 두충, 숙지황의 초임계추출물 (활음진, 活陰眞)의 혈액순환 개선효과를 적외선 열화상 이미지 분석 및 LaserDoppler Perfusion Imager를 이용한 분석을 통해 평가하였다. 평소 손발이 차가운 여성 11명을 대상으로 활음진을 포함한 에멀젼을 1주일간 도포하게 하였으며, 도포전과 1주일간 사용한 후 피부 온도와 혈류량을 비교하였다. 그 결과 얼굴의 피부 온도가 증가하였고, 이마, 눈위, 뺨정면 부위에서 시료 사용 후 유의한 증가를 보였다. 본 연구를 통하여 활음진 성분을 포함한 에멀젼의 혈액순환 개선효과를 확인하였을 뿐만 아니라 한방적 접근을 통한 피부개선효과를 평가하는데 적절한 실험모델을 수립하였다.