중환자실 간호사의 근무환경과 인간중심 간호의 관계

강지연,임윤미,Kang, Jiyeon,Lim, Yun Mi 한국중환자간호학회 2019 중환자간호학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the perceived nursing work environment (NWE) on person-centered critical care nursing (PCCN) practices among nurses in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods : A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study; participants were 126 ICU nurses working in five hospitals in B city. From December 2018 to February 2019, a survey questionnaire on NWE and PCCN were conducted. The collected data were analyzed with a multiple hierarchical regression analysis. Results : The mean score for NWE was $2.98{\pm}0.39$. Among the factors, basic work system was the highest ($3.39{\pm}0.41$), followed by leadership of the head nurse ($3.31{\pm}0.55$), interpersonal relationships ($2.77{\pm}0.62$), and institutional support ($2.58{\pm}0.52$). The mean score for PCCN was $3.52{\pm}0.46$. Among the factors, comfort was the highest ($3.77{\pm}0.62$), followed by respect ($3.55{\pm}0.56$), compassion ($3.43{\pm}0.60$), and individuality ($3.38{\pm}0.56$). The interpersonal relationship (${\beta}=.31$, p=.001) and the number of patients per shift (${\beta}=-.23$, p=.005) had a significant effect on PCCN, accounting for 25.9% of the total variance. Conclusion : These results suggest that it is necessary to enhance the relationship-oriented culture and reduce the workload of nurses in order to improve the quality of nursing care in ICUs.

미야베 미유키『화차(火車)』론

강지연 대한일어일문학회 2017 대한일어일문학회 학술대회 발표논문 요지집 Vol.2017 No.4

지역국가들과의 협력을 통한 미국의 인도-태평양지역 안보 구축 : 대중국 견제를 중심으로

강지연 한국정치사회연구소 2022 한국과 국제사회 Vol.6 No.1

The emergence of Quad 2.0 is a representative example that shows that the US has begun to form a new structure in Indo-Pacific security cooperation. Since 2007, China's economic rise and rising military costs have been sufficient to be perceived as a common threat not only to the United States, but also to China's neighbors. Although China is growing as a regional hegemon, it is not easy for the US to completely shift its focus from Europe and the Middle East to the Indo-Pacific region. Accordingly, the United States is working to establish a security cooperative system around its Indo-Pacific allies and to sustain regional stability and U.S. interests. In particular, the Quad and Malabar exercises transformed the existing US- centered security efforts into the joint efforts of regional actors, giving allies a sense of responsibility as regional actors and reducing US security costs. And through this, it has been maintaining its influence in the Indo-Pacific region and keeping China in check. 쿼드 2.0의 출현은 미국의 인도-태평양 안보 협력에 새로운 구도를 형성하기 시작했음을 보여주는 대표적 사례라 할 수 있다. 2007년 이후 중국의 경제 부상과 함께 나타난 군사 비용의 증가는 미국뿐만 아니라 중국 주변국 모두에게 공동의 위협으로 인식되기에 충분했다. 중국이 지역 패권 강국으로 성장했음에도 미국이 중국을 견제하기 위해 인도-태평양지역에 안보 역량을 집중하기에는 쉽지 않은 실정이다. 이에 미국은 인도-태평양지역 동맹국을 중심으로 안보 협력체를 구성하고, 지역 안정화와 미국의 이익을 지속시키기 위해 노력하고 있다. 특히, 쿼드와 말라바르 훈련은 기존의 미국 중심의 안보 노력을 지역 행위자들의 공동 노력으로 전환시키면서 동맹국들에게 지역 행위자로서의 책임감을 부여함과 동시에 미국의 안보 비용 절감을 가져왔다. 그리고 이를 통해 인도-태평양지역에서의 영향력 유지와 중국 견제를 이어오고 있다.

Impact of ENPP1 K121Q on Change of Insulin Resistance after Web-Based Intervention in Korean Men with Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose

강지연,성숙희,이연주,최태인,최승진 대한의학회 2014 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.29 No.10

Ectoenzyme nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) gene has been studiedin relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR). We hypothesizedthat the difference in genotype may be one of the factors that affect the outcome ofintervention. We genotyped 448 men with fasting glucose ≥ 5.6 mM/L, including 371 insubjects with K allele (KK) (69 control group [CG]; and 302 intervention group [IG]) and 77in subjects with Q allele (KQ+QQ) (13 CG and 64 IG). The web-based intervention based ona lifestyle modification was delivered by e-mail once a month for 10 months. In the KK, IGdemonstrated significantly decreased levels of fasting serum insulin (FSI) as compared toCG and homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In the KQ+QQIG group, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), FSI and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased, andshowed further reduction in the HOMA-IR than KQ+QQ CG. After analysis of covariance,K121Q did significantly influence the change of HbA1c in CG after appropriate adjustment. In a multivariate model, BMI change predicted HOMA-IR change (adjusted β = 0.801; P =0.022) in KK IG subjects with T2DM. ENPP1 K121Q did not influence the change in IR. However, individuals with T2DM carrying the K121 variant are very responsive to the effectof BMI reduction on HOMA-IR.

잠재계층분석에 의한 간호사가 지각하는 간호관리자의 리더십유형이 업무수행능력과 이직의도에 미치는 영향

강지연,김혜숙 국제문화기술진흥원 2019 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.5 No.1

The study participants are nurses who work at three general hospitals in M City, who used structured questionnaires to list 214 people from July 17 to August 7, 2017. Analysis of the collected data was carried out using SPSS WIN 21.0. and M plus 7.00 to analyze latent classes depending on the type of nursing managers' leadership. This study showed that the type of nursing managers' leadership has in analyzing latent classes influences nurses' job performance and turnover intention. Because there is a strong influence on the job performance and the turnover intention so that nurses can be highly aware of transformation-transaction-emotion leadership, the managers of the nursing organization need to foster effective leadership. Training programs are needed to improve nurses’ job performance through transformational, transactional, and emotional leadership, and to foster nursing manager's leadership skills to better reflect the turnover intention. 본 연구는 M시 소재 3개 종합병원에서 근무하는 간호사 214명을 대상으로, 2017년 7월 17일~ 8월 7일까지 자료 조사하였다. 수집된 자료분석은 SPSS WIN 21.0과 간호관리자의 리더십 유형에 따른 잠재계층을 분석하기 위해Mplus 7.00을 이용하였다. 잠재계층분석에 따른 업무수행능력, 이직의도의 차이는 변혁-거래-감성이 높은 리더십의경우 업무수행능력이 4.44±.37점으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이직의도는 2.62±.59점으로 가장 낮은 점수를 보였다. 변혁-거래-감성이 낮은 리더십의 경우 업무수행능력이 3.51±.41점이고 이직의도는 3.25±.41점으로 높은 이직율을 보였다. 따라서, 잠재계층분석에 의한 간호관리자의 리더십의 유형은 업무수행능력과 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 요인임을알 수 있었다. 변혁적-거래-감성의 리더십을 높게 지각할수록 업무수행능력과 이직의도에 미치는 영향이 크므로 간호조직의 관리자는 효율적인 리더십을 함양하고, 변혁적, 거래적, 감성적 리더십을 통하여 간호사들의 업무수행능력을향상시키고, 이직의도를 낮출 수 있도록 간호관리자의 리더십 함양을 높이기 위한 교육훈련 개발이 필요하다.

인도-태평양 지역 내 쿼드(Quad)를 통한 협력과 전망 -해상 실크로드와 쿼드간 견제와 균형-

강지연 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2021 IFES 정책보고서 Vol.2021 No.8

모자복지정책에 관한 연구

강지연,석지원,임현진 이화여자대학교 사회과학대학 행정학과 2000 梨花行政 Vol.- No.9

중간관리자의 의사소통역량 척도 개발 및 타당화

강지연,탁진국 한국산업및조직심리학회 2019 한국심리학회지 산업 및 조직 Vol.32 No.4

본 연구는 조직 내 중간관리자의 의사소통역량 척도를 개발하고 타당성을 검증하기 위한 것이다. 중간관리자의 의사소통역량 척도를 개발하기 위하여 문헌 검토, 전문가 인터뷰, 중간관리자들을 대상으로 한 개방형 설문조사를 실시하여 총 632개의 문항을 추출하였다. 그 과정에서 상사와의 의사소통과 부하와의 의사소통 시 필요한 역량이 다른 것을 확인하고 중간관리자의 의사소통역량을 상사와의 의사소통역량과 부하와의 의사소통역량으로 구분하여 검사를 2개로 나누어 개발하였다. 2번의 문항 분류 작업과 전문가들의 내용타당도 평가를 거쳐 상사와의 의사소통역량은 81문항, 부하와의 의사소통역량은 78문항을 선별하였다. 1차 예비조사는 중간관리자 338명을 대상으로 실시하여 상사와의 의사소통역량은 10요인, 69문항, 부하와의 의사소통역량은 8요인 54문항을 추출하였고, 중간관리자 206명을 분석한 2차 예비조사 결과로 상사와의 의사소통역량은 8요인, 64문항, 부하와의 의사소통역량은 7요인, 45문항을 선정하였다. 척도의 타당도를 검증하기 위하여 중간관리자 596명의 데이터를 두 집단으로 나누어서 한 집단은 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였고, 또 다른 집단은 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 탐색적 요인분석 결과 상사와의 의사소통역량은 8요인(설득, 자신감, 예의, 경청, 솔직성, 확인, 논리성, 의도파악) 등 52문항, 부하와의 의사소통역량은 7요인(경청, 유머, 감정조절, 겸손, 비언어표현, 배려, 명확성) 등 37문항을 도출하였으며 구조방정식 모형을 이용한 확인적 요인분석에서는 모형 적합도 기준을 충족하고 있는 것을 검증하였다. 중간관리자의 의사소통역량은 대인관계유능성 및 갈등관리 등의 준거변인과 유의하게 상관이 나타나 준거관련타당도가 검증되었다. 마지막으로 이러한 연구들을 토대로 본 연구의 학문적 의의 및 실무적 의의, 그리고 제한점과 미래 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

Use of Serum Homocysteine to Predict Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Men with or without Metabolic Syndrome

강지연,Ill Keun Park,Ji Young Lee,Sook Hee Sung,Youn Koun Chang,Yoo-Kyoung Park,Tae In Choi 대한의학회 2012 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.27 No.5

The aim of this study was to examine whether serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) depending on the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean men. We conducted a case-control study, including 138 CVD and 290 non-CVD age-matched control subjects. The subjects were divided into four subgroups: 34 CVD/MetS, 104 CVD, 77 MetS, and 213 normal subgroups. The mean Hcy was significantly higher, whereas HDL and intake of vitamin B1 and B2 were lower in the CVD group (P < 0.05) than non-CVD group. When compared to the control group,subjects with CVD/MetS, CVD and MetS exhibited high Hcy levels, with the highest observed in the CVD/MetS subgroup (P < 0.001). Multivariate stepwise linear regression between CVD and markers of CVD showed Hcy significantly correlated with CVD (P < 0.05). To predict CVD based on Hcy, Hcy threshold of 11.72 μM in non-MetS subjects had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.664 (95% CI 0.598-0.731). In MetS subjects, the AUC was 0.618 and Hcy threshold was 13.32 μM (95% CI 0.509-0.726). The results of our study show that the presence of MetS needs to be considered when using Hcy levels for predicting CVD.

Development and Feasibility Test of a Mouth Contactless Breathing Exercise Solution Using Virtual Reality: A Randomized Crossover Trial

강지연,홍지원,이연화 한국간호과학회 2021 Asian Nursing Research Vol.15 No.5

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a novel mouth contactless breathing exercise solution based on virtual reality (VR), and to test its feasibility. Methods We developed the Virtual Reality-based Breathing Exercise System (VR-BRES), a self-regulating biofeedback breathing exercise with gaming characteristics and a soft stretch sensor. The feasibility and efficacy of the VR-BRES prototype were investigated through a randomized crossover trial. Fifty healthy adults participated in the trial, and their respiratory parameters and user evaluation of the VR-BRES were compared with conventional deep breathing (CDB) exercises. Results The respiratory parameters, forced vital capacity (Z = 4.82, 4.95, p < .001), forced expiratory volume in one second (t = 6.02, 6.26, p < .001), and peak expiratory flow (t = 5.35, 5.68, p < .001) were significantly higher during breathing exercises using the VR-BRES. User evaluation was also significantly higher for the VR-BRES in terms of efficiency (Z = 3.86, p < .001), entertainingness (Z = 5.00, p < .001), and intention to use (Z = 3.22, p = .001) compared to CDB. However, there was no difference in convenience between the two methods (Z = −0.90, p = .369). Conclusion The VR-BRES has the potential to be an efficient breathing exercise solution. We recommend a clinical study that evaluates the effects of the VR-BRES for a certain period of time for people who need breathing exercises. Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a novel mouth contactless breathing exercise solution based on virtual reality (VR), and to test its feasibility. Methods We developed the Virtual Reality-based Breathing Exercise System (VR-BRES), a self-regulating biofeedback breathing exercise with gaming characteristics and a soft stretch sensor. The feasibility and efficacy of the VR-BRES prototype were investigated through a randomized crossover trial. Fifty healthy adults participated in the trial, and their respiratory parameters and user evaluation of the VR-BRES were compared with conventional deep breathing (CDB) exercises. Results The respiratory parameters, forced vital capacity (Z = 4.82, 4.95, p < .001), forced expiratory volume in one second (t = 6.02, 6.26, p < .001), and peak expiratory flow (t = 5.35, 5.68, p < .001) were significantly higher during breathing exercises using the VR-BRES. User evaluation was also significantly higher for the VR-BRES in terms of efficiency (Z = 3.86, p < .001), entertainingness (Z = 5.00, p < .001), and intention to use (Z = 3.22, p = .001) compared to CDB. However, there was no difference in convenience between the two methods (Z = −0.90, p = .369). Conclusion The VR-BRES has the potential to be an efficient breathing exercise solution. We recommend a clinical study that evaluates the effects of the VR-BRES for a certain period of time for people who need breathing exercises.