學歷硏究의 未來的 課題

吉亨奭 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1984 學生生活硏究 Vol.4 No.-

Scientific social study of educational career may control the future Korean education Educational credentials for vocational education can be divided into two parts ; the analysis of the educational attainments process and that of the status attainment process. Most precious researches have mainly focuses on analyzing the effect of educational credentials on the process of individuals' status attainment. However, the process of educational attainment should not be neglected, because without it, educational credentials for vocational education can not be perfect. As for the analysis of educational attainment, there are two main approaches, the fundtional approach and the moral socialization approach. The functional approach takes the educational attainment process as a process for an individual to acquire knowledge and skills which are needed in the industrial society. Against that, the moral socialization approach takes the same process as an internalization to maintain and reproduce the already established class system. It is an important contribution of radicals that they set up, not educational credentials which individuals have attained, but value orientation which individuals have internalized as a crucial prod tract in the educational attainment process. However, radicals have not succeeded to analyze the dynamic process of moral socialization, and they are trapped by a simplistic and mechanic logic. They depend on the simple logic of one-to-one correspondence in explaining the causal relationships among the social class system. The formation of sub-culture, the value internalization by the family as a socialization agent, the reinforcement by the school system and the reproduction of the social class system. But more dynamic approach is needed for the more comprehensive understanding of the educational attain-ment process. Human being might be called an existence which can not live without satisfying self-respect. People are an existence which tries to preserve its own ostentation by any means and by something. In this design, the educational career reaches having an important meaning, and this concludes phenomenon which is aware of the educational career to the general public strongly. Consciousness of industrialized society reflecting on classes and study on movement is a process of democratization and popularization made achievementalization a basic motive, and should we express this stuitable to the education, it can be called a process of educational careerism equalization of educational opportunity and advanced educational careerization.

敎育 改革과 女性의 進路敎育

길형석 韓國進路敎育學會 1995 진로교육연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study attempts to find the way of effective women's career counseling to solve their problems through the several theories of career development-Super's self-concept development theory, Roe's personality theory of career choice. Holland's career typology theory, Conceptual framework for occupational choice of Blau, Gustad, Jessor. Parnes and Wilcock. These theories are concerning to the career counselor's role to maximize women's individual development. In many cases, women are considered as a divided class rather than as an individual with ability, interest, aspiration. Administrators, employers, teachers, career counselors have a tendency of decision making of women's education and employment based on sex rather than their individual interest, ability, aptitude. But women ask how they can make an effort to live as an individual under the conditions of hindrance of exploiting women's labor force, job discrimination by the sex, women's responsibilities of children and family, prejudice in labor world, and other cultural restrictions. The need of job for qualified women to be accepted equally as men is appeared, but there is little evidence of changing women to access the traditional man's area of work in educational institutions. This study is for psychologist of counseling. Psychology of counseling is standing on the point to accept the challenge of Samler and their social action and their effect to our profession. In Korea, there are many persons to have a concept that women are trained but cheap labor force. To correct these misunderstanding this study attempts to introduce women's career counseling in relation to the realities of our social conditions like waste land of these area.

1995학년도 덕성여자대학교 신입생 특성에 관한 조사연구

길형석,오진미 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1995 學生生活硏究 Vol.11 No.-

敎育改革의 國際比較的 考察 : 高等敎育의 改革·革新에 관한 比較的 試圖

吉亨奭 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1987 學生生活硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Historical and comparative studies on higher educational refrom show that universities have always been reformed from without. Reform was initiated by outside agents,by outside authorites. The rare cases of self-refrom initiated by the universities themselves shoved negligible results because faculty autono my and university reform were often self-contradictory. The Studies also show that overall changes in higher education are only possible when implemented by power of the state. In modern times,however,the state tends to establish advisory bodies for coordinating and compromising the demands of the state and interest group´s opinion,under the pretense of an invisible reformer. However final implementing powers are left in the hands of administrative bureaucrats who are agents of the state´s will. The advisory body is a device for administration to work behind the scenes in executing the state´s powers. As reform inteds to change the fundamental structure of established systems,strong resistance and opposition have been inevitable. So another type of refrom,or innovation,which does not touch the fundamental structure,but introduces something new and different from traditional systems in order to disperse new stimulus for change,beings to be initiated by the government. During 1960-1980,a great variety of innovations were introduced in higher education systems in industrial societies. Moset of the costly,intensively-invested innovations were not successful in making effective changes in the established system of higher education. Although the real reasons why invovatins and reforms often fail have not yet been fully explained,it can be said that more intensive theoretical study and development of the methodology of refrom should be necessary. Otherwise,education refrom may continue to be initiated by outside authorities whithout a careful reiew of prior experiences,and may turn out to be a costly repetition of failure as has been the case so many times before.

精神薄弱兒의 敎育指導의 敎育課程에 관한 硏究

길형석 세종대학교 1974 세종대학 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

The problem of underachievers in school work has emerged as a by-product of the equalization of the middle schools since the inition of this policy in 1969 with the abolition of middle school entrance examinations. There are a lot of mentally retarded student (I.Q. less than 75 according to Terman's classification) and they study in the same classes with normal students without special control. They fall in the category of exceptional children, which includes (1) physically handicapped students (deaf, dumb and blind) (2) mentally retarded students (3) emotionally, socially maladjusted students. The task of education is to try to break barriers standing in the way of learning. In this case although it may not be possible to demolish the barrier completely, we can expect at least partial success in dealing with it. Consequently, (1)Special education teachers must plans for guidance as a part of their instructional designs in order to accomplish educational goals. (2)Special education teachers must have the proper personality, characterized by affection, patience, passion and the spirit of inquiry. (3)Special education classes must be smaller than normal classes (around 12 persons) so that individual instruction can be provided and individual abilities developed to their fullest. (4)Special education of mentally retarded student is felt to result in physical independence as well as economic self-sufficiency. (5)Studies of special education for mentally retarded students must be developed further, in terms of both humanism and social policy.

1990學年度 德成女子大學校 新入生의 特性에 對한 調査硏究

吉亨奭,吳眞美 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1991 學生生活硏究 Vol.10 No.-

This research is to demonstrate various characteristics of freshmen in 1990. The ways, which are approached to the task, are conformed two surveys, the are is questionnaire the other is MMPI. Sample size is 1090 (84.5%) and 1064 (82.4%) correspondingly. The items of questionnaire are as following ; 1.Personal identification (age, residential area, religion, physical condition, blood type etc). 2.Family (parents, vocation, educational background, family size, ethos of home etc). 3.Economic condition (income, living standard, etc). 4.School adjustment (motive and practical procedure selecting school and department Conflict and Stability in present situation, expectation toward school administration and professor). 5.Campus life, (difficulties and problems in campus, extra curricular activities, fellowshig etc.) 6.Value orientation and future plan (personal value system, life style, social consciousness, world-view, career program etc.) Compare to previous year's survey, there is no significant difference. However, several findings are to be considered seriously. 1.Family size in becoming more smaller. 2.Economic condition is improring. 3.Value orientation is rather individualistic than communal, and pragmatic. 4.Comparatively, Subjective factor in selection of school and deciding of major field is increasing. 5.Career-plan is more connectely involved in campus-life.

21세기를 대비하는 열린 교육과정에 관한 연구 : An Orientation for 21st Century Education

길형석 덕성여자대학교 고등교육연구소 1997 敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Investigating the foundation and practice of curriculum is very meaningful work as a strategy for defining education in the future, open space education. Today topic work is based on the philosephies of John Dewey and naturalism. These philosophies were developed based on the psychelogical foundations of Plowden and Piaget. Topic work can be categerized as an interdisciplinary approach. It is based on experiences naturally occurring in our environments Therefore, the teacher's role is not the director but a co-worker of students. Students become accustomed to working actively with other groups even though the members of these other groups may not have a direct relationship with their own group. The result is that topic work is not something that is pre-made, but rather it is a creative product. However, the precise production of topic work requires the use of certain variables and informal methods. The boundaries of the topic must be reinterpreted based on the topical approach. Environment can be a main character. The teacher's role then is to provide a situation in which students may find it comfortable to study. Therefore, the teacher must be a person who has broad knowledge in many areas rather than being an expert in a certain subject. Topics of study are the study of one's environment and they must reflect social values. From the point of view of development, a systematic way of thinking and achieving one's goals are the main factors to be considered in the evaluation of topic work. Topic work is very popular with students. There are several reasons fer this. One reason is that topic work is a kind of response to lack of facilities and resources. Second it is a good method for practicing basic skills. This study is a description of how open space education might be used at elementary school level in Korea. It is based on the real examples of open space education as it is used in England, where it has been studied and used actively. This study will consider how open space education can be adapted to the unique situation of the elementary school in Korea.

職業을 가진 成人들을 위한 遠隔敎育 : in the case of Canada 캐나다를 중심으로

吉亨奭 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1988 學生生活硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Complex technological society needs the highly trained person. But when a most talented person wants more training, he maybe hesitate not to lost his job, because the more training in the Post-Secondary institution needs full time devotion. But proper training can obtained on his job. If various delivery systems can be used as a skilled advisor, working adults will be trained as a professional. In this study, several Canadian cases of service and technic for adult distance education will be considered for these purpose.

人間資本ㆍ技術訓鍊ㆍ職業敎育에 관한 理論 檢討

吉亨奭 德成女子大學校 1985 德成女大論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Conceptions including to human capital theory have been becoming a theoretical support for the vocational education of high school and it will be continued in future. This writer is intended to examine an actual propriety of theory. This report is examined how degree the human capital theory has been contributed for the time being. The contents which Owen is asserting are to make clear the principle of the public of the public education being based on the human capital conception. Owen sounds a warning to us that a society can be manintained where make an attempt public education for poor people. The public education for the poor will be able to increase shares of the poor without redistribution of wealth. Horace Mann made reference that knowledge is an indispensable element for making rich nation people. Thorndike asserts that school should approach to the vacational environment to obtain effect. The clear result is a content that the students having respectively different social and economic aptitude should recieve an education suitable to the students. Reading, expression and calculation ability, and abstract reasoning technics are a necessary content to the students who obtained the vocational education more than anyone else. Learn-by-doing which can be called the greatest specific gravity in the vocational education reduced meaning by half due to specifialization of the educational process. Concern of this writer induces the laborers to adapt to character of the existing work, and make them to think work to be important. But sound understanding for the world of work should be made as an object as the world is. All the more school should teach the students so that may cope with the side of world of work which injures human augustness of laborers. From the private review point of view of this writer, all students as a citizen and laborer in future should have knowledge to the world of work. Of course, much more study, courage and honest are to be need for this.

학습자중심 국어과 수업을 위한 교육과정의 적절성에 관한 연구

길형석 학습자중심교과교육학회 2003 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.3 No.1

국어교육의 질은 국어과 교육과정의 질을 넘지 못한다. 왜냐하면 국어교육의 핵심적인 질문 중의 하나인 무엇을, 왜, 어떻게 가르칠 것인가라는 물음에 대한 답은 궁극적으로 국어과 교육과정에 의해 제시되기 때문이다. 학습자중심 국어교육의 질을 관리하기 위해서는 우선 국어과 교육과정의 질을 관리할 필요가 있다. 이런 차원에서 국어 교과의 목적, 내용, 방법, 평가 등 국어교육 전반에 대한 계획으로서 학교 국어교육을 견인하는 역할을 하고 있는 국어과 교육과정의 적절성을 검토하는 작업은 국어교육의 질을 높이기 위한 유용한 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있다. 또한 국어과 교육과정의 적절성을 분석하는 것은 또 하나의 개선된 교육과정 개발을 위한 기초 작업이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 이 글은 현행제7차 국어과 교육과정을 분석하여 적절성을 진단해 보고 앞으로의 교육과정 구성 방향을 제시하는 데 목적을 둔다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relevance of 7th National Korean language arts curriculum for elementary school. the study were proceeded as follows. First, In the planning viewpoint, internal consistency of curriculum was examine. Second, in the implementing viewpoint, definiteness and concreteness of curriculum was also investigate. In the intention or planning viewpoint, Korean language arts curriculum is not organized systematically. Composing elements of curriculum such as character, goals and objective, content, methods, assessment are not linked closely. And items of system can`t guiding to learner-centered instruction concretely because of items is abstract or universal statement. In the implementing viewpoint, Korean language arts curriculum content was not implemented on textbook or not properly reflected in the textbook. And scope deviation of contents are very extreme. For overcome this problem, curriculum contents should develop with principle of concreteness, need to organize into multiple structure of general objective level and activity objective level. Also curriculum contents should divide into standard level instead of divide into year grades.