颱風性 降雨의 時空間 分布에 關한 硏究

尹慶悳,徐承德 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1997 慶北大農學誌 Vol.15 No.-

The objective of this study is to provide with the hydro-meteological and probabilistic characteristics of the storms of typhoons that have been passed through the Korean peninsula during the last twenty-three years since 1961. The paths and intensities of the typhoons were analyzed. Fifty weather stations were selected and the rainfall data during typhoon periods were collected. Rainfall data were analyzed for the patterns and probabilistic distributions. The results were presented to describe the areal distributions of probabilistic characteristics. The results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: 1. The most frequent typhoon path that has passed through the Korean peninsula was type E. followed by types CWE, W, WE, and S. The most frequent typhoon intensity was type B. followed by A, super A, and C types, respectively. 2. The third quartile typhoon rainfall patterns appear most frequently followed by the second, first, and last quartiles, respectively, in Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Kwangju and Taejon. The single typhoon rainfalls with long rainfall durations tended to show delayed type rainfall patterns predominantly compared to the single rainfalls with short rainfall durations. 3. The most frequent probabilistic distribution of typhoon rainfall event is Pearson type-Ⅲ, followed by Two-parameter lognormal distribution, and Type-Ⅰ extremal distribution. 4. The most frequent probability distribution model of seashore location was Pearson type-Ⅲ distribution. The most frequent probability distribution model of inland location was two parameter lognormal distribution.

RHEED장치의 제작 및 특성과 이를 이용한 반도체의 표면연구

박종윤,정재인,이경원,이덕원 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

표면구조 분석장치의 하나인 RHEED(Reflection HIgh Energy Electron Differaction) 장치를 제작 하였다. 전자총 부분은 관례적인 전자 현미경과 유사하나 진공 봉입 부분이 특별히 유리로 만들어 졌다. 전자 빔은 자기 렌즈로 접속 시켰으며 빔의 발산은 대략 1×10exp(-3) rad이었다. 실험은 초고진공상자 내에서 행하였으며 이를 이용하여 Si(111)와 CdS 단결 정의 RHEED 패턴을 얻어서 이론적으로 계산한 것과 비교 하였다. RHEED(Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction) apparatus which is one of the systems of surface structure analysis has been constructed. Electron gun is similar to that of conventional electron microscope except that a vacuum seal part is specially made of glass. Electron beam is focused by means of magnetic lens, and the beam divegence is about 1×10exp(-3)rad. The experiments were performed in UHV system. With this apparatus we obtained RHEED patterns from single crystasls of Si(111) surface and CdS cleaved surface and compared the patterns with those calculated theoretically.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

작업구역의 합리적 분할에 의한 택트공정관리 개선

정영권,윤유상,서상욱,신동우,김창덕,김경래 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to increase the operational efficiency of Tact Planning and Scheduling through effective labor control based on fairly reasonable creation of work area. The main result of the study are as follows: 1) Specific section of work area for electric work lead to no division of zone between internal residence area and bathroom. And designate the work area of each floor so that it would manage labor control effectively. 2) When it comes to equipment work. It set up work area according to "floor" taking account into more frequent unit work comparatively than floor work. The study recommends that. As a future research, eventually aims at establishment of integrated system of labor control Tact Planning and Scheduling by combining respectively divided system into one.

자가혈관내피세포를 도포한 인조혈관의 개발

김동익,이윤신,김덕경,허세호,이병붕,김지은 대한혈관외과학회 2002 Vascular Specialist International Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: Small calibered prosthetic vascular grafts are prone to low patency rates after bypass surgery due to its high thrombogenicity and neointimal hyperplasia. Endothelial cells are known to inhibit thrombus formations, platelet aggregation and smooth muscle cells proliteration. The purpose of this study was to examine the development of autologous endothelial cell seeded prosthetic vascular graft. Method: The autologous endothelial cells (ECs) were harvested from canine external jugular veins. Approximately 5*10^4 ECs were obtained through passage 5 to 6 under the static condition. The cultured ECs were seeded into the polytetrafluoroethylenc (PTFE) graft and cultured for 3 days before implanting into the canine carotid artery.The PTFE graft was harvested at 6 weeks after implantation. Result: The primary cultured ECs were treated with Factor VⅢ/WF, CD3]/PECAM-1 antibodyand confirmed with fluorescence micrograph, The gratf patency rates were 2/6 (33%) in the control gratf and 5/6 (83%) in the ECs seeded graft at 6 weeks after implantation. the entire luminal surface of the EC seeded graft was covered with ECs. Only the vicinity of the anastomosis site was covered with ECs in the control graft. Conclusion: This is a pilot study for the development of autologous endothelial cell seeded prosthetic vascular graft. The results of our study demonstrate that the endothelialized PTFE are better than ninendothelialized PTFE.

실업계 고등학생의 직업기초능력 향상을 위한 문제중심학습(PBL)의 효과

박동열,이성덕,김종오,조경희,강경심,박윤희,김대영 한국농업교육학회 2006 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.38 No.4

21세기 지식기반사회는 전문지식뿐만 아니라 효율적인 직무 수행에 필요한 의사소통능력, 문제해결능력, 자기관리능력 및 직업의식 등의 직업기초능력이 강조되고 있다. 직업기초능력은 생의 어느 한 시기에 갑자기 이루어지거나 완성되는 l회적인 것이 아니라 개인의 생애단계에 따라 변화하고 발달하는 것이며 취업자뿐만 아니라 진학자에게도 잠재적으로 매우 중요한 요소이므로 실업계 고등학생의 직업기초능력 향상은 중요한 현안이라 할 수 있다. 이 연구는 여러 교수학습유형 중 실업계 고등학생의 직업기초능력 향상에 타당하리라 사료되는 문제 중심학습 모형(Problem-based learning model)을 선정, 이에 기초한 전문교과 수업을 실시하여 실업계 고등학생의 직업기초능력 향상에 기여할 수 있는지 실증적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 목적 달성을 위해 「대학생의 직업기초능력 유형 검사도구(박동열, 2005)」를 실업계 고등학교 전문가 협의회를 통해 수정ㆍ보완, 이를 활용하여 실업계 고등학생의 직업기초능력을 파악하고, 문제중심학습 모형에 따른 실제 전문교과 수업을 통한 실업계 고등학생의 직업기초능력 향상 정도를 알아보기 위하여 농업계열, 공업계열, 상업계열, 가사ㆍ실업계열 4명의 현직 교사가 문제중심학습 수업 매뉴얼에 따라 실제 수업에 적용 하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과 문제중심학습 모형이 실업계 고등학생의 수업만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 끼쳤으며, 문제중심학습 모형에 따른 전문교과 수업을 통해 실업계 고등학생의 모든 영역의 직업기초능력(문제해결 및 발표 능력, 기술활용능력, 자원활용능력, 수리능력, 조직이해능력, 대인관계능력, 자기관리능력)이 향상되었음을 실증적으로 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this research was to analyze the fitness of problem-based learning(PBL) for improving the core competencies of vocational high school students. This study examined the core competencies of vocational high school students by using the advised BARS test for vocational high school. And in order to examine the effectiveness of the courses based on PBL, 4 teachers had taught the designed courses by PBL method during the regular class in vocational high school : agricultural; technical; commercial, home economic high schools. The major findings in this study were as follows: 1) The courses based on PBL had an positive effect on the class satisfaction of vocational High school students. 2) We found out that the courses based on PBL have a positive effect on improving vocational key competencies of Vocational High school students.

위험평가(Risk Assessment)에 의한 업종별 위험(Risk)의 구분

박동욱,박덕묵,정광수,윤충식,김태형,노영만,이경남,이송권,김현욱 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2

A total of 514 workplaces in 17 industries were inbestigated through walk-through survey. These industries were all small companies with less than five workers and didn't have work environmental measurement data. These industries were ranked by risk that was evaluated by combination of toxicity and possibility of exposure to chemical hazardous agents produced at operations of industry. Risk Index(RI) was qualitatively combined by the combination between hazard and potential of exposure to chemical hazardous agents. Industries that were regarded as having the highest risk were wood and products of wood, chemicals and chemical products, basic metals, other vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, and fumiture manufacturing. These industries were found to have operations with higher risk than other industries. This study found that more attentions should be paid to these industries with that more attentions should be paid to these industries with high risk.

급성 유기인제 중독환자의 혈청 Cholinesterase 활성도와 임상적인 의의에 관하여

전동석,김재룡,박승국,김윤년,이경민,윤덕구 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1988 계명의대학술지 Vol.7 No.2

To study the pseudocholinesterase acticity and its clinical significance in patients with acute organophosphate poisoning, Authors checked the serum cholinesterase activity in 49 normal subjects and 31 acute organophosphate poisoned patients. The results were followings. 1. The mean pseudocholinesterase activity f normal subjects was 1271 IU/L in male and 1131 IU/L in female. The total mean cholinesterase activity was 1209/ IU/L. 2. The pseudocholinesterase activity of patients were significantly reduced compare to normal. 22 patients(73%) were below 10% of normal, 6 patients(20%) were between 10-20% of normal and only 2 patients (7%) were between 20-50% of normal. 3. As a whole there was more depressed cholinesterase activity in patients with comatous and drowsy mentality, but there was no statistically significant difference between three groups. 4. The pseudocholinesterase activity in patients with respiratory failure was more depressed than without respiratory failure, but there was no statistically significant difference between three groups. 4. The pseudocholinesterase activity in patients with respiratory failure was more depressed than without respiratory failure, but there was no statistically significant difference presented. 5. The mean arterial blood gas checked on arrival was pH 7.386, PaO?? 66mmHg, PaCO?? 38mmHg 02 Saturation 91%. There was noted no statistically significant correlation between pseudocholinesterase activity and these parameters. 6. The pseudocholinesterase activity on the 1st day of admission was 5.7% of normal and progressively increased during admission. On the 14th day of admission, the pseudocholinesterase activity was 35.5% of normal and it takes 20 days to reach 50% of normal. Authors concluded that serum cholinesterase activity of acute organonphosporus poisoned patients were markedly depressed and progressively increased during admission. As a whole the pseudocholine-sterase activity seemed to be related to the clinical findings but no statistically significant difference was found.

중추성 요붕증이 동반된 랑게르한스 세포 조직구증 1예

김진호,문준성,문선중,이지은,최재원,은미정,천경아,조인호,윤지성,원규장,이경희 신덕섭,이형우 영남대학교 의과대학 2005 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is a syndrome characterized by thirst, polydipsia and polyuria. Langerhans cell histiocytosis is one of the etiologies of DI. Recently we experienced a central DI associated with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The 44 years old female patient complained right hip pain polydipsia and polyuria. We carried out water deprivation test. After vasopressin injection, urine osmotic pressure was increased form 109mOsmol/Kg to 327mOsmol/Kg (300%). Brain MRI showed a thickened pituitary stalk and at hot bone CT.CT guided biopsy revealed abnormal histiocytes proliferation and abundant lymphocytes, The final diagnosis was central DI associated with systemic Langerhans cell histiocytosis invading hip bone, L-spine and pituitary stalk. Desmopressin and etoposide chemotherapy were performed to the patient.

『 제민요술 』에 수록된 식품조리 가공법 연구보고(I) : 술 wines

윤숙경,안명수,서혜경,이효지,윤서석,안숙자,임희수,조후종,윤덕인 한국식생활문화학회 1990 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.5 No.3

This study was carried out to understand and analyze the cooking and processing methods presented in CHE MIN YO SUL, Chinese books of husbandary was written in sixth century. This book was composed of two parts-part I is Agricultural production and part II is product-Utilization. Especially, wines and yeast(NU RUK) written in part II were studied at this study paper. Most of yeast was made of barley and wheat. These materials had been prepared as raw, steamed, and roasted state by proper ratio with kinds of yeast and then fermented as dough state. Occasionally, various kinds of soup made from cocklebur, leaves of mulberry tree, wormwood etc. put into yeast dough. Yeast doughs were shaped round and square with or without hole in the center, made in July of the lunar calendar and fermented for 3 or 4 weeks. There were 43 kinds of wines in this book. Most of them were made of all kinds of cereals grown at that time-rice, waxy rice, millet, waxy millet etc. These cereals had been steaming or cooking gruel with grain or powder state and then fermented with yeast. These wines were prepared by single or double brewing methods and the kinds of double brewing wines were more than single brewing wines by two times. There were none of wines made from fruit and distilled wines. Generally, single brewing wines were not made in Apr., Nov., Dec., of the lunar calendar and double brewing wines were not made in Aug., Oct., Nov., of the lunar calendar. And ripenning periods of wine brewing were various, from 1 day to 7 months for single brewing, from 2 days to 8 months for double brewing.