Understanding the Cardiovascular Effects of Incretin

윤지성,이형우 대한당뇨병학회 2011 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.35 No.5

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus, has several pathogenic mechanisms that are well established. However, the traditional hypoglycemic agents do not have proven positive effects on macrovascular disease. Novel therapeutic agents target the incretin pathway including the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. The glucose-regulatory actions of these agents function by increasing insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon. They also act to increase weight loss not only by inhibiting gastric emptying, but also by reducing appetite. Although GLP-1 and GLP-1R agonists have demonstrated beneficial effects on myocardium and vascular endothelium including coronary and peripheral mouse vessels, they also have anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic actions. These agents also have positive effects on the lipid profile and blood pressure. Although these cardioprotective actions seem to be beyond the effects of glucose control and weight loss, they are mediated through GLP-1R- or GLP-1R-independent actions of cleaved GLP-1 (9-36). Larger randomized controlled trials are necessary to elucidate the clinical promise of these beneficial CVD effects.

후보자의 도덕적 자질이 유권자의 투표 선택에 미치는 영향: 제7대 지방선거를 중심으로

윤지성,송병권 서울대학교 한국정치연구소 2019 韓國 政治 硏究 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구는 선거에서 후보자의 정보공개 항목인 전과 기록과 세금체납 여부가유권자들의 투표 선택에 미치는 영향을 제7대 지방선거에서 기초단체장과 광역의회 의원선거를 중심으로 분석한다. 본 연구의 분석에 따르면, 기초단체장 선거의 경우 후보자의 전과 기록은 득표율을 2.1~2.7% 감소시켰고, 세금체납 여부는득표율을 1.4~3.1% 감소시켰으며, 전과 기록은 선거 당락에 영향을 미치지 않았지만, 세금체납 여부는 당선확률을 9.0~11.0% 감소시켰다. 광역의회 의원선거의경우 전과 기록만이 득표율을 0.6~1.1% 감소시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 한국 지방선거의 특성상 후보자들에 대한 정보를 유권자들이 충분히 파악하기힘든 상황임에도 불구하고, 유권자들이 후보자들의 도덕적 자질을 고려한다는 점을 시사한다. In this paper, we study the effect of moral issues on election outcomes in the context of the 2018 South Korean local elections. Our results indicate that candidates with criminal records received 2.1 to 2.7 percent less of the vote. Tax delinquents received 1.4 to 3.1 percent less of the vote and they were also 9.0 to 11.0 percent less likely to be elected. In provincial legislative elections, candidates’ criminal records decreased their votes by 0.6 to 1.1 percentage points. Our findings provide evidence that voters punish candidates for their past wrongdoings and moral issues matter in Korea’s local elections.

우리 교회 명교사를 소개합니다 : 김혜란 선생님

윤지성 장로회신학대학교 기독교교육연구원 2010 교육교회 Vol.393 No.-

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 ^99mTc-DTPA aerosol scintigraphy를 이용한 폐포 상피세포 투과성의 평가

윤지성,은미정,이시형,김재홍,홍영훈,원규장,조인호,이형우 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.2

Background: Diabetes mellitus is often accompanied by complicated microangiopathy, such as, retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy, cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy or macroangiopathy, as well as by coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. However, there have been few reports concerning the pulmonary involvement of diabetes. Recently, capillary basement membrane thickening, nonenzymatic glycosylation of tissue proteins, abnormalities of endothelial cells and increased damage by free radicals were reported as the underlying basis for the reduced lung permeability. ^99mTc-DTPA aerosol scintigraphy is a noninvasive, accurate method, which evaluates the permeability of lung epithelial membranes. The clearance rate of ^99mTc-DTPA in lungs may correlate inversely with the lung's epithelial permeability. We investigated the relationship between microangiopathies and the lung epithelial permeability in patients with diabetes using ^99mTc-DTPA aerosol scintigraphy. Method: The study group comprised of 33 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with no clinical evidence of past or present respiratory disease. The patients were divided into two groups in relation to the complications. Group 1: 16 patients with more than one of the complications of retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and/or peripheral neuropathy, and comprised of 3 males and 13 females, with a mean age of 52.9±9.6 years. Group 2: 17 patients with no complications, and comprised of 5 males and 12 females with a mean age of 52.8 ± 11.5 years. Group 3: as a control group, comprised of 11 healthy people: 4 males 4 and 7 females with a mean age of 44.2 ± 12.5 years. ^99mTc-DTPA aerosol scintigraphy was performed in the subjects by inhalation of 30 mCi ^99mTc-DTPA aerosol and oxygen (9 l/min) using an aero-vent jet nebulizer as the lung delivery system. To evaluate the diabetic complications, CAN (Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy), and NCV (Nerve Conduction Velocity) tests for peripheral neuropathy, fundoscopy for retinopathy and 24 hours urine microalbumin for nephropathy were performed. Results: The mean durations of diabetes in Groups 1 and 2 were 11.1 ± 4.7 years and 3.8 ± 2.1 years, respectively (p<0.05). The mean clearance rates of ^99mTc-DTPA were found to be 72.1 ± 19.5 min, 52.6 ± 19.7 min, and 47.1 ± 10.9 min for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The mean clearance rate of Group 1 was significantly longer than for Groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). In other words, the pulmonary epithelial permeability was reduced in diabetic patients with complications compared to the patients without complication and/or the normal controls. Significant positive correlation was found between the pulmonary clearance rate of ^99mTc-DTPA, and peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (p<0.05). Conclusions: The lungs may be a target organ for diabetes, and impaired pulmonary epithelial permeability seems to be closely related to other diabetic microangiopathies. Therefore, we recommend that ^99mTc-DTPA aerosol scintigraphy be used as a technique for assessing lung injury in diabetic patients

Diabetogenic Effect of Statins: A Double-Edged Sword?

윤지성,이형우 대한당뇨병학회 2013 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.37 No.6

Statins are widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering agents, which have been demonstrated to significantly reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, recent trials have reported that statins cause worsening of hyperglycemia and increase the risk of new-onset diabetes. The association between the diabetogenic effect of statins with intensive dose and accompanying major risk factors for diabetes has been demonstrated. However, statins do not appear to have a class effect on insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic patients. Numerous mechanisms have been suggested to explain how statins cause β-cell insulin secretory dysfunction and peripheral insulin resistance leading to incident diabetes. According to findings from an aggregate of large clinical trials,the benefits of statin treatment appear to outweigh the risk of new-onset diabetes. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to discontinue the use of statins for prevention of cardiovascular events because of its potential risk for development of incident diabetes. This review addresses the currently available evidence related to statin use and new-onset diabetes from a clinical perspective.

고농도 포도당에 노출된 INS-1세포와 백서 췌도 세포에서 포도당 산화 및 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) 생성

윤지성,원규장,이형우 대한당뇨병학회 2006 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.30 No.4

-Background: Chronic exposure of pancreatic islets to supraphysiologic concentrations of glucose causes beta cell dysfunction that is a process known as glucose toxicity. It has been reported that hyperglycemia increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human islets and that ROS accumulation causes beta cell dysfunction associated with low capacity of intrinsic antioxidant enzymes. Also it has been postulated that this increase in ROS is prevented by an inhibitor of electron transport chain complex. The purpose of this study were to determine whether prolonged exposure of pancreatic islets to supraphysiologic glucose concentrations disrupts the intracellular balance between ROS thereby causing defective insulin secretion and to evaluate the site of hyperglycemia- induced ROS production.Methods: INS-1 cells & rat islets were incubated in increasing concentrations of glucose and either an inhibitor of complex I & II (TTFA), an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation (CCCP), aCCA, etc and also incubated in increasing concentration of glyceraldehyde and N-acetylcystein. Then intracellular peroxide levels by flow cytometric analysis and glucose induced insulin secretion were detected. Results: We observed that incubation with 30 mM glucose increased intracellular peroxide levels but decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) (P < 0.05). Exposure to TTFA, CCCP, aCCA did not reduce this increased intracellular peroxide levels, and did not increase GSIS (P < 0.05). 24-h incubation with glyceraldehyde at 5.6 mM glucose increased intracellular peroxide levels and decreased insulin content. Conclusion: These observations indicate that there might be other origins in which ROS species are produced besides electron transport chain in mitochondria and glyceraldehyde may be a key molecule to produce ROS, and induce beta cell dysfunction. (J Kor Diabetes Assoc 30:246~253, 2006) 연구배경: 췌장 소도 베타 세포가 장기간 고혈당에 노출되었을 때 인슐린 분비능, 인슐린 mRNA 및 인슐린 gene transcription factor 등이 감소하는 것을 포도당 독성이라고 하며, 췌장 소도 내의 낮은 항산화 효소 및 포도당 대사 과정에서 reactive oxygen species (ROS)의 증가가 그 원인으로 보고되고 있고, 고농도 포도당에 의해 생성된 ROS는 미토콘드리아의 electron transport chain complex 저하제에 의해 감소된다는 보고들도 있다. 이에 연자 등은 고혈당에 노출된 췌장 소도에서 세포 내 ROS 생성장소를 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다.방법: INS-1 세포주 및 백서 췌장소도 세포를 고농도의 포도당에서 배양하고, 또한 미토콘드리아 전자전달계 복합체 저하제 및 산화성 인산화 반응 억제제인 TTFA, CCCP, αCCA 등을 처리한 뒤 flow cytometer를 이용하여 세포 내 peroxide치를 측정하고, 인슐린 분비능 등을 측정하였다. 그리고 INS-1 세포주에 glyceraldehyde를 농도별로 24시간 배양하고 N-acetylcystein을 처리하여 세포 내 peroxide 및 인슐린 분비능을 측정하였다.결과: INS-1 세포를 고농도 포도당 배지 (30 mM 포도당)에 배양하였을 때 세포 내 peroxide치는 증가하였고, 인슐린 분비능은 감소하였다 (P < 0.05). INS-1 세포를 고농도 포도당 배지(30 mM 포도당)에 전자전달계 복합체 저하제인 TTFA, CCCP, αCCA 등과 함께 배양하였을 때 세포 내 peroxide는 감소하지 않았고, 인슐린 분비능도 회복되지 않았다 (P < 0.05). INS-1 세포를 포도당 대사과정에서 미토콘드리아 진입 전구물질인 glyceraldehyde와 함께 5.6 mM 포도당 농도에서 배양하였을 때 세포 내 peroxide는 증가하였고, 인슐린 분비능은 감소하였다 (P < 0.05).

계절형 다변량 시계열 모형을 이용한 국제항공 여객 및 화물 수요예측에 관한 연구

윤지성,허남균,김삼용,허희영,Yoon, Ji-Seong,Huh, Nam-Kyun,Kim, Sahm-Yong,Hur, Hee-Young 한국통계학회 2010 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.17 No.3

본 연구는 최근에 활발히 연구가 진행 중인 항공수요 예측을 위하여 계절형 다변량 시계열 모형을 기반으로 하고 다른 모형과의 비교를 RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)를 기준으로 비교한 것이다. 여기서 싱가폴 국제항공유가, 수출액을 추가하여 예측성능을 좋게 하고자 한다. Forecasting for air demand such as international passengers and freight has been one of the main interests for air industries. This research has mainly focus on the comparison of the performances of the multivariate time series models. In this paper, we used real data such as exchange rates, oil prices and export amounts to predict the future demand on international passenger and freight.

제21대 국회의원 선거구 재획정에 대한 평가: 인구대표성과 지역대표성을 중심으로

윤지성 서강대학교 현대정치연구소 2023 현대정치연구 Vol.16 No.1

This study analyzes the result of the redistricting of the 21st Korean National Assembly. After the introduction of the quasi-mixed member proportional representation system, the number of proportional representative seats was determined the same as before because of the extreme confrontation between the political parties. As the number of seats in regional constituencies was also the same as in the 20th National Assembly, the environment was created to objectively analyze the effects of redistricting. As a result of the analysis of this study, from the perspective of population representation, the underrepresentation of Gyeonggi region is serious, and the Honam region is over-represented, so the adjustment of the number of constituencies by region is necessary. When divided into metropolitan cities and provinces, contrary to the existing view, Seoul and Busan are rather over-represented, and provinces are under-represented. When comparing the area of each constituency in the redistricted areas, the standard deviation was decreased, so it can be evaluated as improved than the previous election in terms of regional representation. 본 연구는 제21대 국회의원 선거구 재획정의 결과를 분석한다. 준연동형 비례대표제의 도 입으로 정당들의 극심한 대립 끝에 비례대표 의석수가 기존과 동일하게 결정되면서 지역구 의석수도 제20대 국회와 동일하기 때문에 선거구 재획정의 결과를 객관적으로 분석할 수 있는 환경이 조성되었다. 본 연구의 분석 결과 인구대표성의 관점에서 경기도의 과소 대표가 심각한 수준이며, 호남지역이 과대 대표되었기 때문에 지역별 선거구 의석수 조정이 필요한 상황이다. 광역시와 도지역으로 나눠봤을 때는 기존의 견해와 달리 오히려 서울과 부산이 과대 대표되고 있으며, 도지역의 과소 대표가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 선거구가 재편된 지역들의 각 선거구 면적을 비교했을 때 표준편차가 감소해서 지역대표성의 관점에서 이전 선거보다 개선되었다고 평가할 수 있다.

11월의 교회학교 긍휼 : 하나님의 긍휼이 우리 삶 속에! ; 아동부 주보

윤지성,이가현,이지영,최효정,황정희 장로회신학대학교 기독교교육연구원 2010 교육교회 Vol.395 No.-

Dendrimer를 이용한 금 표면 위의 단백질 고정화 연구

윤지성,강정식,박진호,김재호 한국공업화학회 2003 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2003 No.-