에타놀-물 共沸物의 蒸溜에 있어서 Entrainer가 미치는 影響

鄭泰秀,李黃熙 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

Experiment on distillation of azeotropic mixture of ethanol and water was carried out in a packed tower with addition of trichloroethylene and n hexane as entrainer as well as of CO_2 gas. Effectiveness of the two entrainers and the effect of CO_2 gas flow rate in the separation of ethanol were studied. The concentration of ethanol in distillation product increased with increasing ratio of entrainer to feed for both trichlorethylene and n-hexane. When n-hexane was used as an entrainer, the concentration of ethanol in the top product was higher than that which could be obtained without using n-hexane in the range of the entrainer/feed ratio of 1.28-1.67 and 1.63-1.67 for 15 and 25 mole % ethanol in the feed, respectively. The rate of distillation production increased with the flow rate of CO_2 gas. With the increasing flow rate of CO_2 gas, the concentration of ethanol in the top product increased at the entrainer flow rate of 333m1/ hr; decreased at the entrainer flow rate of 100ml/hr; and increased initially and then decreased at the entrainer flow rate of 166.7m1/hr. When CO_2 gas was not added, trichloroethylene was more effective than m-hexane at the entrainerlfeed ratio of 0.5, 0.67, 0.83 while n-hexane was more effective than trichloroethylene at the entrainer/feed ratio of 1.17 and 1.67. When CO_2 gas was added at the flow rate of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 l/min and the entrainer/feed ratio was 0.5. 0.83, and 1.67. trichlororoethylene was more effective than n-hexane only at the CO_2 flow rate of 0.5 l/min and the entrainer/feed ratio of 0.5 while n-hexane was more effective than trichloroethylene at all other conditions.

Active Carbon에 의한 Ethylene Glycol 의 液相吸着

鄭泰秀,李鉉柱 成均館大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

In adsorption processes, equilibrium and the rate of approach to equilibrium are important design and operation variables. The concentration of ethylene glycol, which was greatly decreased by adsorption on active carbon, was measured in a stirred tank adsorption vessel at 30, 40, and 50℃. The data of adsorption equilibrium in various concentrations have been plotted on the basis of Henry, Langmuir, and Freundlich adsorption relations, and it has been found that the data are well fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. At the early stage of adsorption, the adsorption rate on the external surface is so rapid compared with other mass transfer process that the inital adsorption rate is governed by boundary film mass transfer process between the bulk liquid and the external surface of active carbon. The coefficent of boundary film mass transfer is also proportional to the revolution speed of impeller. The values of intraparticle diffusion coefficent, which has been determined by the Dryden and Kay method at 30, 40, and 50℃, increases with increasing temperature.

151종 생약제 추출물이 B형 간염 바이러스 표면 항원(HBsAg)과 항체(HBsAb)의 결합반응 그리고 HBV DNA polymerase 활성에 미치는 효과 : 한국산 각종 생약제를 이용한 B형 간염치료제의 개발

정태호,김정철,김문규,이인선,채성철,김승래,정준모,이인수,김승호,함경수 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1992 慶北醫大誌 Vol.33 No.3

세계인구 43억명 중 B형 간염 바이러스 보균자는 2억 1천 5백만명이며 이중 78%인 1억 6천만명 이상이 아시아 대륙에 집중되어 있다. 한국도 B형 바이러스 간염의 침윤지대이다. 본 연구는 B형 바이러스 보균자 혹은 만성간염을 치료할 수 있는 생약제를 탐색할 목적의 일환으로 한국에서 시판하는 생약제 151종을 구입하여 증류수로 추출하고 여과한 후 냉동건조하여 HBs 항원에 대한 결합능, HBV DNA polymerase억제능, tumor necrosis factor(TNF) 유리에 미치는 영향, 그리고 galactosamine 유발 간염에 대한간장보호 작용을 조사하였다. 151종의 생약제중 0.16㎍/㎖ 농도에서 간염 vaccine 내에 함유된 HBs 항원과 결합하는 생약제는 지유, 가자, 복분자, 대황, 정향, 빈량, 산수유, 소목, 마황, 쇄양, 후박, 목과, 양강, 오약, 산사, 목단피 등 16종이었다. 이들 생약제중 대황(Rheum palmatum L. 大黃), 가자(Terminalia chebula R. 訶子), 지유(Sanguisorba officinalis L. 地楡), 복분자(Rubus coreanus M. 覆盆子)는 HBV DNA polymerase 활성도를 비교적 강하게 억제하였으며 빈량(Areca catechu L. 빈랑), 정향(Eugenia caryophyllata T. 丁香), 목과(Chaenomeles japonica L. 木瓜), 산수유(Cornus officinalis S. 山茱萸)는 약하게나마 HBV DNA polymerase 활성을 억제하였다. 또한 HBV DNA polymerase를 억제한 대황, 가자, 지유, 복분자, 빈량, 정향, 마황, 소목, 산수유를 대상으로 TNF 유리에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 소목을 제외한 8종의 생약제 모두가 대식세포를 자극하여 TNF를 유리시켰다. 그리고 장차 임상에 사용함을 전제로 HBV DNA polymerase를 억제한 대황, 가자, 지유, 복분자, 빈량, 정향, 마황, 소목, 산수유를 galactosamine 유발 간염(백서)에 투여하여 간기능 검사에 미치는 효과를 조사하였으나 간기능 검사상으로는 특별한 보호작용을 나타내지 못하였으며 생약제 단독 투여로서는 간기능에 대하여 나쁜 영향을 주지 않았다. Hepatitis B virus infection is major cause of acute and chrome hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are over 200 million carriers of hepatitis B virus in the world, nearly 80 % of whom live in the South East Asia, Korea is also highly endemic area of hepatitis B virus infection. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of extracts of traditional Korean herbal medicines on hepatitis B virus. 151 traditional herbs were extracted, filtered and lyophilized. Using 151 herbal extracts we tested binding capability to the HBs Ag, inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase, release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and protection against galactosamine induced liver damage. Among 151 herbs, 16 herbs (Sanguisorba officinalis L., Terminalia chebula R., rubus coreanus M., Rheum palmatum L., Eugenia caryophyllata T., Areca catechu L., Cornus officinalis S., Caesalpinia sappan L, Ephedra sinica S., Cynomorium songaricum R., Machilus thunbergii S., Chaenomeles japonica L., Alpinia officinarum H., Lindera strychnifolia V., Crataegus pinnatifida B., Paeonia suffruticasa A. ) had binding capability to HBs Ag which contained in the commercial hepatitis vaccine, at 16 ug/㎖ of concentratioa Among the above 16 herbs, Rheum palmatum L., Terminalia chebula R., Sanguisorba officinalis L., Rubus coreanus M. significantly inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, and Areca catechu L., Eugenia caryophyllata T., Ephedra sinica S., Caesalpinia sappan L., Chaenomeles Japonica L., Cornus officinalis S. also inibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity but less effective. All of the herbs, except Caesalpinia sappan L., which inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, actively stimulated the mononuclear cells to release tumor necrosis factor(TNF) in whole blood culture system. The herbs which inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, did not show any protective effect in galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats, but there was no direct toxic effect when herbs were administered alone.

Benzene과 n-Hexane 混合物의 液膜 分離

鄭泰秀,鄭聖云 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2

In the separation by liquid surfactant membrane of benzene-n-hexane mixture both components of which have similar physical properties, studied were the effects on the separation factor of the stirring speed for emulsification, stirring, speed of the emulsion and the solvent, surfactant and glycerol concentration. The main findings are as follows; 1. The separation factor increased with increasing stirring speed in mixing the emulsion with the solvent. At the stirring speed of about 230 rpm, the separation factor was maximum, and then the separation factor decreased as the stirring speed increased. 2. The separation factor increased almost linearly with stirring speed in emulsification, which was due to the increased total surface area and increased stability of droplets. 3. The separation was most effective when the stirring speed for emulsification was 900 rpm and the stirring speed in mixing the emulsion with the solvent was 150 rpm. 4. The separation of benzene reached a maximum value at the surfactant concentration of 0.2 weight per cent and contact time of 10 minutes. 5. The permeability of benzene was most effective at the concentration of 50 weight percent. 6. To achieve effective separation, it is important to choose proper mixing speed depending on the glycerol concentration.

Impeller의 類型이 高粘度 液體의 混合에 미치는 影響

鄭泰秀,尹雲榮 成均館大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

Effectiveness of six types of rotating agitator in the batch mixing of high viscous liquid was studied in a vessel of 125mm diameter by measuring power input, mixing time and energy which is the product of power input and mixng time. The mixing time was measured by electrical conductivity of sodium chloride solution which was added as a tracer. The six types of agitators used were a four-blade paddle, a four-layer two-blade paddle, a six-blade turbine, a helical screw, a helical ribbon and an anchor agitator. The results are as follows: 1. For a helical ribbon, an anchor and a helical screw agitator, the mixing time was inversely proportional to stirrer speed and decreased in the order of a helical ribbon, an anchor and a helical screw agitator in the most range of rotational speed. 2. The power consumed for all agitators was proportional to the rotational speed and increased in the order of a helical ribbon, an anchor and a helical screw agitator in the most range of stirrer speed. 3. The anchor agitator consumed the least energy for stirrer speed in the range of 30-7-rpm, and beyond 70rpm the helical ribbon agitator consumed less energy than the anchor and helical screw agitators. 4. The two types of paddle agitators and the turbine agitator have been found not good enough to be used in the mixing of high viscous liquid in comparison with the other three impellers mentioned above.

Emulsion型 液體膜에 依한 Cyclohexane과 n-Hexane 混合物의 分離

鄭競模,鄭泰秀 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1990 論文集 Vol.41 No.1

In the separation of cyclohexane-n-hexane mixture by emulsion-type liquid membrane, the effects of feed composition, stirring speed for emulsfication and stirring time for contact with solvent on the separation factor were studied. The results are as follows ; (1) The separation factor increased as the mole fraction of cyclohexane increased up to 0.3 but it decreased when the mole fraction of cyclohexane exceeded 0.3, and the separation factor reached a maximum value at the stirring time of 10 minutes for emulsification. (2) When the surfactant concentration was 0.6 weight per cent and the stirring speed for cortact with solvent was 250 rpm, the separation factor reached its maximum value. However, the surfactant concentration was more or less than 0.6 weight pet cent and the stirring speed for contact with solvent was more or less than 250 rpm, the separation factor decreased. (3) The separation factor increased with increasing stirring speed for emulsification, giving the greatest value at that of 1200 rpm and the settling time of 10 minutes. (4) The separation factor reached its maximum value at the glycerol concentration of 30 weight per cent and the stirring time of 10 minutes for contact with solvent.

종합병원 입원환자의 정신과 자문에 대한 고찰

이정태,박홍수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.3

We reviewed the medical records of 557 cases who had received psychiatric consultation from October 1, 1983 to March 31, 1987 at Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital in Chung-Nam Province, and analyzed consultation rates, reasons for consultation, psychiatric diagnoses, consultee's concordance with the consultants's recommendations, age and monthly distribution, places of consultation, and routes of admission of the consulted patients. The results were as follows : 1) Over psychiatric consultation rate was 1.64% of total inpatient populations, and the rates were two times greater from the medical parts than from the surgical parts. 2) Affective disorders(27.1%) were the most common psychiatric diagnoses followed by organic mental disorders, somatoform disorders, suicide attempts and anxiety disorders. 3) Among various concordance rates with consultant's recommendations, that of psychotropic drug recommendation was the highest(86.0%) and that of diagnostic representation was the lowest(40.8%). 4) The age group of twenties showed the highest consultation rate(25.1%) and that of over sixties was 12.2%. The consultation rate was highest in March(2.17%). 5) As to the immediate reasons for psychiatric consultations, physical symptoms with no laboratory abnormalities were highest(22.4%), followed by suicide attempts, grossly disturbed behaviors, and excessive motional reactions. 6) As to the diagnoses of transferred patients to psychiatric inpatients, affective disorders were the most frequent(41.8%), followed by organic mental disorders, somatoform disorders, and schizophrenic disorders. 7) Psychiatric consultations were requested from inpatients wards four times more than those from intensive care unit. But as to the admission routes of the consulted inpatients, there was no difference between outpatients department and emergency room in the consultation ratio.

정신분열병 환자에서 리스페리돈의 투여에 따른 혈청 코티졸과 임상증상의 변화

김광수,성양숙,채정호,박원명,이정태,전태연 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.2

연구목적: 세로토닌 5HT₂수용체의 자극이 코티졸 분비를 증가시킨다는 점에서, 강력한 5HT₂길항제인 risper-idone은 정신분열병에서 보이는 시상하부-뇌하수체-부신축의 과활성화에 대하여 영향을 미칠 것이라고 생각되었다. 저자들은 세로토닌 5HT₂길항제인 risperidone에 의한 코티졸의 양적변화를 통하여 신경 생리학적인 변화를 추적하고 나아가 정신분열병의 병태생리에서 세로토닌과 코티졸의 병리학적 역할에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 카톨릭대학교 성모병원 신경정신과에 입원했던 DSM-Ⅳ 진단기준에 의한 정신분열병 환자 17명(남자 10명, 여자 7명)을 대상으로 정하였다. 채혈(4ml/sample)은 투약 전, 첫째, 둘째, 셋째, 십사일째, 이십팔일째, 사십이일째 병일에 각각 오전 8시와 10시에 두 번씩 하였으며, 오전 8시에 1차 채혈을 시행한 후 투약하고 그 2시간 후인 10시에 2차 채혈을 시행하였다. 혈청 코티졸치의 측정은 표준 이중항체 방사면역분석법으로 시행하였다. 결과: 1) 투약 전 코티졸치와 risperidone을 투여한 후의 코티졸치의 비교에서 혈청 코티졸치는 risper-idone의 투여에 의해 유의하게 감소하였다.(p<0.05). 2) Risperidone의 투약 전후의 평균 PANNS 점수는 양성증상점수(21.7±3.8, vs 11.4±3.0), 음성 증상점수(20.5±5.2, vs 14.6±2.8), 일반증상점수(44.3±5.4, vs 30.9±6.0)로 나와 유의한 감소가 있었다(p<0.05). 3) 남자와 여자의 투약 전 혈청 코티졸치는 차이가 없었으며 risperidone을 투여한 후 혈청 코티졸치의 감소정도도 성별에 따른 차이가 없었다. 4) 음성아형군과 양성아형군 간의 투약 전 혈청 코티졸치는 차이가 없었으며 risperidone을 투여한후 혈청 코티졸치의 감소도 아형에 따른 차이가 없었다. 결론: 이상에서 세로토닌 5HT₂길항제인 risperidone은 코티졸을 감소시키며 코티졸의 감소는 그 자체가 정신분열병의 치료에 있어서 중요한 요소가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. 또한 이점이 기존의 전형항 정신병약과는 구별되는 세로토닉 5HT₂수용체 차단에 의한 이득효과를 설명할 수 있을 것으로 보았다. Objectives: This study was designed to identify the role of serotonin and cortisol in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia by measuring quantitative change of serum cortisol levels after risperidone(5HT₂antagonist) administration. Methods: Subjects included 10 male and 7 female patients who met DSM-Ⅳ criteria for schizophrenia(n=17). Blood samples(4ml/sample) were taken at the baseline, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 14th, 28th and 42nd days, twice, at 8:00 AM and t 10:00 AM in the morning after an overnight fast. The daily medication was administered after the first blood sampling at 8:00 AM. After basline sampling, the same dose of risperidone was administered to each patient until the end of the 3rd day. The dose of riperidone was then decided by clinical evaluation. Serum cortisol concentrations were measured by standard double-antibody radioimmunoassay. Results: 1) Administration of risperidone significantly decreased serum cortisol levels(p<0.05). 2) There were significant reductions in positive symtom scores(21.7±3.8, vs 14.3±4.() and negative syaprom scones. 20.5 5.2, vs 15.2±3.2), general symptom scores(44.3±5.4, vs 32. 9±4.2) of PANSS after risperidone administration(p<0.05) 3) There were no significant differences in baseline serum cortisol levels and the reductions of serum cortisol levels after administration of risperidone between males and females. 4) There were no significant differences n baseline serum cortisol levels and the reductions of serum cortisol levels after administration of risperidone between positive symptom subgroup and negative symptom subgroup. Conclusions: These results suggest risperidone decreases serum cortisol levels in schizophrenic patients and the reduction of cortisol by risperidone administration might be important factor in the treatment of schzophrenics, in contrast with typical antipsychotics. KEY WORDS: Risperidone·Schizophrenia·Cortisol·Gender·Positive/Negative subtype.

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (Ⅱ)이 Hamster 신장의 Acid Phosphatase 활성에 미치는 영향

백태경,정수태,이규식 한양대학교 의과대학 1987 한양의대 학술지 Vol.7 No.2

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatium (II) (cis-DDP), a metallic compound, is a bifunctional alkylating agent that has been known as an effective anticancer drug. It is so effective on solid tumor that it has been used in the therapy of ovarian tumor, epithelial tumor of the neck, bladder cancer and thyroid cancer. Since cis-DDP reacts with DNA and RNA especially with guanine base, the protein synthesis is inhibited consequently. As a result, administration of cis-DDP results in cytotoxicity of the renal epithelial cell. So te author undertook the present study to pursue the effect of cis-DDP on the activity of acid phosphatase of the hamster kidney. Hamsters, weighing 110gm, were used as experimental animals. The experimental animals were killed at 2, 4, and 6 days after administration of 6 mg/kg of cis-DDP. The specimens obtained from the kidney were sectioned at 16㎛ thickness with frozen cytostat. The acid phosphatase activity was observed by the Gomori's method for the histochemical study. The results were as follows. 1. The acid phospatase activity was moderate positive at the cortical glomeruli and weak positive at the outer stripes of the medulla in the 2 day cis-DDP treated group. 2. The acid phosphatase activity was moderate positive at the pars concoluta glomeruli of the cortex and other strips of the medulla while a weak positive activity was seen at the inner stripes of the medulla in the 4 day cis-DDP treated group. 3. The acid phosphatase activity was moderate at the parts convoluta and renal medulla, and strong positive activity was seen at the glomeruli in the 6 day cis-DDP treated group. It is suggested that cis-DDP decreases the acid phosphatase activities of the hamster kidney.

정신과 병동에서의 억제대 시행에 관한 고찰

이정태,최수호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.2

This study deals with some aspects of psychiatric use of physical restraints. A total of 476 patients were admitted to the department of neuropsychiatry of Yoido St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College from Aug. 1, 1980 to July 31, 1981. Among these patients 73 cases were physically restrained during this period and all included in this study. The results were as follows; 1. 35 patients were males and 38, females. More than one half of the restrained patients were in their twenties (37.0%) and thirties (23.3%). 2. Diagnostically schizophrenia was most frequent (53.5%), and the next was organic brain syndrome (12.4%), and alcoholism (11.0%) in that order. 3. The frequencies of physical restraints per patient ranged from 1 to 9 (total 151 times), and 33 patients were restrained only once. 4. Physical restraint was required on the first day of admission in 21.9% of all cases, but in 39.7% of total number of uses, it was required after 7 days. Most restraints were able to be removed within 24hours. 5. Common impulsive ward behaviors of the physically restrained patients were disruption of therapeutic environment (40 times), assaultive to staffs or patients (35 times) and verbally abusive and combative with staffs (33 times). The most common cause for physical restraints was that for the administration of medical care to non-cooperative patients (70 cases, 46.3%). Violent behaviors requiring a physical restraint were more common in nonschizophrenics than schizophrenics.