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All-carbon-based cathode for a true high-energy-density Li-O<sub>2</sub> battery
Lim, Hee-Dae,Yun, Young Soo,Cho, Se Youn,Park, Kyu-Young,Song, Min Yeong,Jin, Hyoung-Joon,Kang, Kisuk Elsevier 2017 Carbon Vol.114 No.-
<P>Li-O-2 batteries have a high theoretical energy density; however, their current cathode system based on a heavy metal framework strikingly diminishes their real energy density. Herein, we report the fabrication of all-carbon-based cathodes composed of conventional active carbon and a carbon mesh (CM) framework produced from waste silk fabric by simple pyrolysis. CM frameworks show a high electrical conductivity of similar to 150 S cm(-1), good tensile strength of 34.1 +/- 5.2 MPa, and a Young's modulus of 4.03 +/- 0.7 GPa, as well as a well-ventilated ordered macroporous structure. These all-carbon-based cathodes exhibit stable cycling and high energy densities of similar to 2600 Wh kg(-1) based on total electrode weight, which are 4-15 times higher than those of conventional air cathodes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Kim, Jong Hun,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Kim, Hyo Youl,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Jun, Yoon Hee,Choi, Won Suk,Kang, Seong Hee,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kee, Sae Yoon,Hur, Jia Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>While herd effects and serotype replacement by childhood pneumococcal protein conjugated vaccines (PCVs) continues to accumulate worldwide, direct effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against pneumococcal diseases in the elderly has been challenged. We estimated the direct effectiveness of PPV23 in the elderly population.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>For a hospital-based case-control study, cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) (adults ≥ 65 years) were identified in 14 hospitals participated in the pneumococcal surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015, following implementation of PPV23 national immunization program (NIP) for the elderly in the Republic of Korea. Controls matched by age, sex, and hospital were selected at ratios of 1:2 (IPD) or 1:1 (NBPP). Clinical data and vaccination records were collected. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio) × 100.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>We enrolled 148 IPD and 557 NBPP cases, and 295 IPD and 557 NBPP controls for analyses. Overall effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 28.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.8%–51.6%] and against NBPP was 10.2% (-15.1-30.6) in all patients ≥ 65 years. However, in subgroup analysis of patients aged 65–74 years, PPV23 was protective against IPD [effectiveness 57.4% (19.4–77.5)] and against NBPP [effectiveness 35.0% (2.3–56.7)]. Furthermore, serotype-specific effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 90.6% (27.6–98.8) for PPV23-unique serotypes and 81.3% (38.6–94.3) for PPV23 serotypes excluding serotype 3.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study indicates that PPV23 with broad serotype coverage might be beneficial in preventing IPD and NBPP due to non-PCV13 serotypes in the young-elderly, with potentially increasing effectiveness in the setting of childhood PCV NIP.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization program for PPV23 for the elderly was implemented in Korea. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was effective against IPD and NBPP for young elderly patients aged 65–74. </LI> <LI> Effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was higher for PPV23 unique serotypes. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was non-protective against IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes. </LI> </UL> </P>
식물생장조절제 Seaweed extracts(GA14)의 수도 품종간 생육 및 수량에 미치는 효과
송재영,김용일,박보영,정재영,최현구,정종태,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2004 농업과학연구 Vol.31 No.1
This study was carried out to identify the effects of seaweed extracts(GA14) on growth of two rice cultivars, Junambyo and Donganbyo. Seedling qualities of two cultivars were better in all items including heading dates at early stage treated at seedling plus 2-3 leaf stages than at single treatment of seedling. Ripening ratio of Junambyo in paddy field was increased 0.3% by seaweed extracts(GA14) treatment, but that of Donganbyo decreased 0.5%. 1,000 grain weight of Junambyo and Donanbyo by seaweed extracts(GA14) treatment was two to four grams higher and the yield of two cultivars was also higher by three to four percent. Appearance characters of two rice cultivars was high in head, while damaged, chalky and crack rate were low at seaweed extracts(GA14) treatment. Protein, moisture and amylose characteristics related to table quality of Junambyo were not different by seaweed extracts treatment, but table values was high in only treatment. Donganbyo was also similar to Junambyo, but table quality was slightly high at non-treatment.
토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과
안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1
This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.
Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation Procedure를 이용한 임프란트 매식
송종운,조용기,박홍주,김영운,오희균,유선열 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.2
Maxillary sinus has an anatomic limitation to bone support available for dental implant. When there is less than 10㎜ of bone remaining between the upper alveolar ridge crest and the maxillary sinus floor, bone augmentation should be considered. In 1994, Summers reported two sinus floor elevation techniques of limmediate implant insertion, using osteotomes, for patients who have at least 5㎜ of bone remaining between the alveolar ridge crest and the maxillary sinus floor. One technique is osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) procedure in which uses osteotomes to elevate the sinus floor. The other is bone-added OSFE (BAOSFE) procedure in which bone graft is added into osteotomy site. Both procedures conserve all of the remaining bone and selectively displace it upward, thereby raising sinus floor. This study was aimed to evaluate the long-term success rate of implants which had been placed by osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure. Between February 1996 and June 1998, 10 implants were placed using OSFE or BAOSFE procedures in 6 patients who had at least 6㎜ of bone remaining between the alveolar ridge crest and the sinus floor. OSFE procedures were performed in patiens, 2∼4㎜ sinus floor elevation was needed, whereas BAOSFE procedures were done in patines, more than 4㎜ sinus floor elevation was needed. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years 4 months (3 years 6 months ∼ 5 years 9 months), no implant was failed and all patients showed good functional results. OSFE and BAOSFE procedures seemed technically easier and less invasive compared to conventional sinus lift procedure. And both procedure have good success rate.
재택진료 잠재적 이용자의 혈압수준에 따른 뇌혈관 질환 위험요인 분포
송희영,박소미,황성오 대한기초간호자연과학회 2004 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.6 No.2
Purpose : This study was undertaken to investigate bio-medical and behavioral risk factor of stroke according to the level of blood pressure among the prospective tele-health users. Method : A descriptive study was conducted using interviews with a structured questionnaire. Of the households in the village, 24 households were selected for inclusion in the study. Among all of the residents from these households, a total of 48 residents who completed all the blood tests as well as the questionnaire. Results : Among bio-medical risk factors including demographic characteristics, physiologic variables, and health history, only triglyceride (TG) was significantly different among normal, prehypertension, and hypertension groups (F=3.78, p<.05). However, regarding behavioral variables, those who were classified as prehypertension and hypertension group reported more frequent drinking, those who were in prehypertension group reported highest scores of stress and lowest frequency of exercise, and those who were in normal and hypertension group showed higher scores of interest on health and lower scores of perceived seriousness of disease and health knowledge than those who were in prehypertension group. Conclusion : Identification and implementation of modifiable risk factors of stroke according to the level of blood pressure are crucial for health care utilizing tele-medicine.