Alcohol extract of Geum Chung Cho alleviates alcohol-induced short-term memory impairment in gerbils

Han-Sam Cho,Tae-Woon Kim,Sang-Seo Park,Mal-Soon Shin,Jae-Min Lee,Eun-Sang Ji,Chang-Ju Kim 한국운동재활학회 2015 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Chronic ethanol consumption leads to memory impairment and also induces brain damage. The hippocampus has been particularly regarded as a possible target organ of alcoholic intoxication, since this structure plays a prominent function in memory processes. Cordyceps has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries for a long time. Different types of Cordyceps extract were reported to have various pharmacological activities including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and immune modulatory effects. Guem Chung Cho is an artificial cultivated Cordyceps, and was supplied from GCordy (Seoul, Korea). Ethanol extract of Cordycep (50 g) was made by rotary evaporate, and resulting powder 8.29 g was obtained (yield 17%). In the present study, we investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Geum Chung Cho on short-term memory, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the hippocampus of ethanol-treated gerbils. The gerbils were divided into 5 groups (n = 10 in each group): Control group, alcohol-treated group, alcohol-treated and 0.001 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group, alcohol-treated and 0.01 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group, and alcohol-treated and 0.1 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group. Gerbils in the alcohol-treated groups were orally administered ethanol (1 g/kg) once a day for 2 weeks. Gerbils in the Guem Chung Cho-applied groups were orally administered Guem Chung Cho extract at each dosage 1 hour before ethanol consumption. Our results revealed that consumption of alcohol for 2 weeks deteriorated short-term memory, induced apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation, and reduced expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). However, Guem Chung Cho treatment alleviated alcohol-induced short-term memory impairment through enhancing cell proliferation and BDNF expression with inhibiting apoptosis in the hippocampus. Guem Chung Cho showed maximum effects at 0.1 mg/kg. Based on these results, alcohol extract of Guem Chung Cho may provide therapeutic value for the treatment of chronic alcohol-inducted brain injury. This study was supported by GCordy company.

신우황청심원액의 심혈관계에 관한 약효연구

조태순,이선미,김낙두,허인회,안형수,권광일,박석기,심상호,신대희,박대규 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1997 藥學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In order to investigate the pharmacological properties of New Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (NCL), efects of Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (CL) and NCL were compared. In isolated rat aorta, NCL and CL showed the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10^6M) without regard to intact endothelium or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthemore, the presences of the inhibitor of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not affect the relaxation of NCL and CL. NCL and CL inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dosedependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), NCL and CL significantly decreased heart rate. NCL and CL, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of LVDP and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In excised guinea-pig papillary muscle, NCL and CL had no efects on parameters of action potential at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. These results suggested that NCL and CL have weak cardiovascular effects with relaxation of blood vessels and decrease of heart rate, and that this effect is no significant differences between two preparations.

원적산 봉수대 주변정비 기본계획

이상진,김기수,강영조,조승래,홍순연 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2006 硏究論文集 Vol.29 No.2

문화재란 문화가치가 있는 사물로서 국가 가 종교적·세속적 근거에 따라 특별히 지정 한 재산이다. 문화재는 그것이 구현하는 정신적 가치와 시각적 음향적으로 표현하는 수단으로서 그 나라의 독특하고, 다양한 주체성을 보존하는 중요한 매체이기도 하다. 그러므로 문화재는 한나라의 민족역사와 문화로서 과거의 모습을 통해 현재 그리고 나아가 미래를 연결시키는 하나의 매개체인 것이다. 또한 문화재는 그 지역민에게 향토사적 인 자긍심 및 연대의식을 고취시키는 동시에 나아가 한 나라, 세계적인 관심사로 여겨 야 할 것이다. 원적산 봉수대는 양산군청 소재지에서 북쪽으로 약 9.2㎞, 통도사입구 마을인 신평에서 남쪽으로 8㎞지점에 있다. 이 봉수대는 경상남도 기념물 제 118호로써 원적산봉수대 보존회에 의해 복원된 문화재이다. 즉 다른 지역의 문화재와 달리 잊혀 져가는 문화재의 재생을 통해 다시 태어난 문화재인 것이다. 원적산 봉수대 주변정비 기본계획의 목적 은 지역민의 자긍심으로 복원된 봉수대와 주 변과 접근로를 체계적으로 정비를 함으로써 접근성, 전통성, 보존성을 높이고자 한다. 특히, 문화재보호를 위한 제반 법규 및 현지여건에 부합하는 정비방향을 설정하고, 전문 인력과 관련문헌을 바탕으로 문화재 주변을 역사성과 주민친화성, 기능성, 관광성을 함께 갖춘 문화공간으로서의 미래지향적 문화재정비 계획을 추구하고자 한다.

대구시 하수도 설계를 위한 기본 조사연구

조병하,이상렵,이순탁,함능수,나인엽,오창언,김자홍 경북대학교 1971 生産技術 Vol.5 No.-

This study is a "reconnaissance" of "preliminary" grade survery with the objectives of compiling and analyzing drainage systems, river pollution, hydraulic and hydrologic characteristics of sewage, and conservation of public water supplies for design of sewer systems in Taegu. In addition, it contains basis information for design of new sanitary sewage and drainage systems for Taegu. The results are shown as follows;1) Before attempting to design a sewage system, it was necessary to set up reliable standards for estinating sewage amounts. 2) The results of analysis and examination of Taegu's drainage systems. 3) The investigation of "sewage quality and river pollution in Taegu. 4) In order to maintain the B.O.D. value of the Kumho River below 8 ppm, a sewage treatment plant will be necessary. The basic information necessary in planning a treatment plant is given. This study is a summary of reseach that was conducted jointly by Kyung-Pook National Univ ersity's Insttute of Industrial Sciences and Young-Nam Universty's Institute of Industrial Sciences and Young-Nam University's Department of Civil Engineering. The study was begun on Novemver 4,1969 and completed on November 3,1970. By an agreement between the United States Agency for International Development and the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of Korea, the work was financial out of the MO ST/USAID Trust Fnnd.

환경정책의 분권화를 통한 지역환경보전방안

조진상,조순철 동신대학교 환경연구소 2001 환경연구 Vol.6 No.1

그동안 학계, 관계, 환경운동단체 등에서 지방자치와 환경보존의 관계와 관련하여 많은 논의가 진행되었다. 지금까지의 논의를 살펴보면 지방자치가 환경보존에 미치는 부정적 영향에 대해 많은 우려를 표명하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 물론 악영향을 미리 예측하고 철저히 대비하는 자세는 필요하다. 그러나, 긍정적 영향을 올바르게 인식하고 관련된 정책목표와 수단을 개발하는 것도 똑같이 필요하다. 환경보존과 관련한 정부의 관심은 소위 '지역이기주의'의 극복방안, 광역환경 행정체제의 강화, 환경기초시설설치의 의무화 등 지방자치단체의 권한의 축소를 겨냥한 시도가 대부분으로 지방자치의 근본정신과는 상반되는 것들이다. 반면에 지방자치가 갖는 장점을 살리기 위한 각종 방안 예를 들면 지방자치단체의 환경보존 기능 또는 재정의 확충방안, 사전예방적 환경정책수단으로서의 지방환경영향평가제도의 도입, 지역환경관리계획의 수립, 지역환경기준의 설정, 환경행정절차에 있어서 주민참여 폭의 증대나 민주화 등에 관한 대책과 논의는 극히 제한적으로 이루어져 왔다. 지방자치와 환경보존의 두 기능이 서로 상충할 때 어느 정도까지 지방자치의 이념이나 가치를 포기할 것인가에 대해 답하기가 쉬운 것은 아니지만 양자의 목표를 조화롭게 달성하려는 노력이 절실하다고 하겠다. There was a lot of discussions about the theme of relations between local autonomy and environmental protection in Korea in the last decades. They have been focused on the negative effects of local autonomy on the environmental problems. For example, the central and local governments have interested in the matters about solving of so called 'regional egoism' in construction of environmental facilities, centralization of functions and finance for the environmental protection. and obligatory construction of communal environmental facilities. In the meanwhile, they have comparatively less interests in enrichment of functions and finance of local governments, introduction of local environmental impact assessment system, making and implementing of local environmental planning, setting up of the local environmental standards and strengthening of citizen participation process. In case of conflicts among the values of local autonomy and environmental protection, harmony among the both values is very important.

신원방우황청심원의 심혈관계에 관한 약효

조태순,이선미,김낙두,허인회,안형수,권광일,박석기,심상호,신대희,박대규 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1999 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Abstract-In order to investigate the phamacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (NSCH), effects of Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (SCH) and NSCH were compared using various experimental models. In rat aorta, NSCH and SCH made the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10^-6 M) regardless to endothelium containing or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthermore, the presence of the inhibitors of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not aftect significantly the relaxing effects of NSCH and SCH, NSCH and SCH inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). NSCH and SCH decreased significantly heart rate. These, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of left ventricular developed pressure and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In guinea-pig papillary muscle, these had no effects on parameters of action potential such as action potential amplitude (APA). V_max and resting membrane potential (RMP) at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. Furthermore, these had a significant inhibitory effects on palpitation of the heart in normotensive rats and SHRs. These results suggest that NSCH and SCH have weak cardiovascular effects, and that there is no significant differences between cardiovascular effects of two preparations.

신원방우황청심원액의 심혈관계에 관한 약효

조태순,이선미,김낙두,허인회,안형수,권광일,박석기,심상호,신대희,박대규 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1999 藥學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

In order to investigate the pharmacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (NSCL), effects of Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid (SCL) and NSCL were compared. In isolated rat aorta, NSCL and SCL showed the relaxation of blood vessels in maximum contractile response to phenylephrine (10^-6M) regardless to intact endothelium or denuded rings of the rat aorta. Furthermore, the presences of the inhibitor of NO synthase and guanylate cyclase did not affect the relaxing effect of NSCL and SCL. NSCL and SCL inhibited the vascular contractions induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin endoperoxide or peroxide in a dose-dependent manner. In conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), NSCL and SCL significantly decreased heart rate. NSCL and SCL, at high doses, had a negative inotropic effect that was a decrease of left ventricular developed pressure and (-dp/dt)/(+dp/dt) in the isolated perfused rat hearts, and also decreased the contractile force and heart rate in the isolated rat right atria. In excised guinea-pig papillary muscle, NSCL and SCL had no effects on parameters of action potential such as resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude, APD_90 and V_max at low doses, whereas inhibited the cardiac contractility at high doses. These results suggested that NSCL and SCL have weak cardiovascular effects with relaxation of blood vessels and decrease of heart rate, and that this effect is no significant differences between cardiovascular effects of two preparations.

환경영향평가에 있어서 보건영향평가의 방법, 절차 및 적용에 관한 연구

조일형,박재홍,김임순,한상욱 한국환경영향평가학회 2003 환경영향평가 Vol.12 No.3

Most environmental impact assessment(EIA) programs around the world require the consideration of human health impacts. Yet relatively few EM documents adequately address those impacts. This article examines how, why, and to what extent health impacts are analyzed in environmental impact assessments. This article investigates these problems and provides recommendations to improve human health impact assessment(HIA), using methods, procedures and case study. Also, a comprehensive approach for the evaluation of possible health effects in an EIA is described, illustrated with the example of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. Unlike many EIAs, we estimated quantitatively the impact of aircraft-related pollution in terms of the number of affected people for aircraft noise annoyance, odour annoyance and hypertension. In addition, an analysis of health registry data on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and a short survey on annoyance and risk perception were carried out.

소설에 나타난 諧謔性 硏究 : <흥보전>과 <봄봄>을 中心으로 Centering around the Life of HeungBo, Bom-Bom

조성항,김태순 경복대학 2001 京福論叢 Vol.5 No.-

웃음이란 골계에 대한 생리적인 표현이며, 해학(諧謔), 풍자(諷刺) 기지 등이 있다. 문학작품에서 사용되는 기법으로써의 해학은 어려운 삶 속에서 서로를 격려하고 현실을 극복하려는 우리 민족의 현실극복의 한 방법이었다. 작품 속에서 해학성이 뛰어나다고 평가되는 작품으로 <흥보전>과 김유정의 <봄봄>을 들수 있다. <흥보전>은 선량하지만 가난한 '흥보'와 부자이지만 악한의 대명사인 '놀보'를 대립적인 상황에서 과장을 통해 묘사했다. <봄봄> 역시 지주의 마름이며 약삭빠른 인물인 '장인님'과 바보스러울 정도로 순박한 '나'의 갈등을 과장함으로써 독자들로 하여금 고달픈 처지의 '흥보'나 '나'의 어려운 처지를 웃음으로 바라보도록 하고 있다. 끼니를 잇기조차 힘든 '흥보'의 처지를 표현하는 대목에서는 먹을 것을 찾아 헤매이지만 헛고생만을 하게되는 쥐의 모습으로 웃음을 유발하고, 해결할 수 없는 가난한 상황을 무성의한 '흥보'의 집짓기 태도에서 익살적인 표현으로 바꿈으로써 가난의 비극을 느끼지 않게 한다. 한편 '놀보'에게서 심술궂고 이기적이기는 하지만 열성적인 노력으로 부를 축적하는 긍정적인 모습을 볼 수 있었다. 또 무조건적인 헌신의 모습이 아니라 올바르지 않은 남편의 처사에 반대의사를 표현하는 '흥보'와 '놀보'의 아내들에게서 적극적인 인물상을 찾을 수 있었다. <봄봄>의 '나'는 순박하다는 점에서는 '흥보'와, 타인을 이용하여 이익을 보려했던 '장인님'은 이기적이라는 면에서는 '놀보'와 견주어 볼 수 있는 인물이다. '나'와 '장인님'의 갈등 역시 '나'의 어리숙한 점을 이용하여 엉뚱하게 육체적인 난투극 상황으로 변화됨으로써 익살적인 웃음을 유발하게 된다. 긍정적인 해학을 바탕을 한 이 작품은 인물들 간의 갈등관계가 지속될 수 없다. 따라서 타인을 위하는 선량한 '흥보'와 노동에 적극적이라는 미덕을 가진 '놀보'는 제비라는 매개체를 통해 이상적인 가정을 실현한 '흥보'와 화해를 이루게 된다. '점순'이를 매개로 설정된 '나'와 '장인님'과의 관계는 '나'의 성실함을 인정하고 있는 '장인님'과, '점순'과의 애정을 확인한 '나'의 사랑을 통해 김유정 식의 갈등해결 방법을 살펴보았다. Laughter is physiological expression on Golgye and consists of humor, satire and wit. It is not an usual purposeful speech with the object of general information communication or the instruction of knowledge but evokes a laughter enkindling unexpected meaningful purpose from getting out of words' original meaning. The life of HeungBo and Bom Bom are works valued the most excellent humors in our literature. In the Life of HeungBo, depicting through excessive process the personalities of good, poor HeungBo and rich, top villain NolBo, it makes readers evoke laughters. HeungBo devoting himself to close people was lazy and incompetent man for himself. Therefore his family has to go through miserable poverty. By the way, this extreme poverty preferably changes humor evoking a burst of laughter through exaggerated way. We cannot feel the suffering of realistic poverty because his topknot sweeps the ceiling in standing up and in stretching himself his head is shown in backyard and many childrens wear straw mat clothes due to want. Otherwise After NolBo monopolized his brother's heritage, he is well off thanks to doing eager farming. According to the concitions, he cultivates grains and even special agricultural products, so he becomes richer and richer. And we could see their wives images which are realistic and positive. We could see their wives obedient and devoting to their husbands according to their placed conditions. Besides they have an outstanding actual judgement in crisis. An altruisic, good HeungBo and a positive, hard-worker NolBo realize that only property is not everything through media called swallow. NolBo finding out his mistake is to reconcile HeungBo accompolished ideal home due to a favored swallow. In Bom Bom, the enmity between selfish father-in-law taking advantage of myself and sincere worker myself was drawn. Thgough two people called good myself like HeungBo and selfish father-in-law like NolBo finally makes a physical confused fight for the benefits of themselves, they come to reconsile by Jeomsoon roled media between themselves. Various unexpected actions evoking myself good, sincere and vagued caused humor, We made certain that Kim Yoo Jeong's literatural task that is love is original source of trouble settlement.

측두골 골절 : 임상적 및 방사선학적 분석 Clinical and Radiological Analysis

조성원,최순관,조성진,김범태,신원한,윤일규,변박장 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

The objective of this study is to review of the incidence of temporal bone fractures and complications resulting from temporal bone fractures and to analyze the correlation between clinical and radiological findings. A series of 49 patients who were diagnosed temporal bone fracture with rhinorrhea, bloody otorrhea, admitted to Soonchunhyang University Chon-an Hospital from January 1997 to September 1999, were studied retrospectively. Clinical analyses were focused on age, sex, type of accident, external wound site, CSF leakage, hearing loss and facial nerve palsy. The high resolution CT scan consisted of a series of 3-mm thick sections through the temporal bone using the GE CT scanner (General Electric Inc.). In radiologic analyses, fracture types of temporal bone were divided into longtudinal fracture(LF), transverse fracture(TF) and mixed fracture(MF) respectively. The CT scans were examined for mastoid antral haziness(MH), middle ear cavity haziness(MeH), ossicular chain disruption(OD), otic capsule fracture(OF), pneumocephalus(Pn). The type of facial canal fracture was classified as fracture of internal auditory canal portion(FIAC), fracture of perigeniculate portion(FPG), fracture of tympanic portion(FT), fracture of mastoid portion(FM). The correlation between clinical and radiological findings was analysed. A total of 49 fractured temporal bones resulted in 9 CSF fistula, 23 hearing loss( 13 conductive type, 7 sensorineural type), 17 facial nerve injuries ranging from mild paresis to complete paralysis. The mose common etiology of the injury was from a motor vehicle accident(28%). The type of fracture observed on high resolution CT scanning was a LF in 39(78%) patients, a TF in 7(14%) patients and a MF in 3(6%) patients. The majority of fractures terminate in the floor of the middle cranial fossa in LF and passed lateral to the otic capsule in TF. Average time of onset of delayed facial palsy was 3.5 days. No patient developed prolonged otorrhea or meningitis during hospitalization and there was no requirement of surgical management. Hearing loss was the most common complication of temporal bone fracture(48%). Conductive hearing loss was associated with middle ear cavity haziness and ossiclular chain disruption. in temporal bone CT. A total of 29 cases facial canal fracture in temporal bone CT resulted in 14 perigeniculate portion(FPG), 12 tympanic portion(FT), 3 mastoid portion(FM). There was no correlation between radiological facial canal fracture and clinical facial nerve palsy. Four of 17 patients with facial nerve injury required facial nerve exploration under general anesthesia. We thought that prognosis and therapeutic planning in patients with temporal bone fractures were based on the clinical and radiological findings.