용담호 진안천 유역의 비점오염유출특성

최용호 ( Yong-ho Choi ),정용훈 ( Yong-hoon Jeong ),곽동희 ( Dong-heui Kwak ) 한국물환경학회 2021 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.-

용담호 진안천 유역의 비점오염유출특성1

최용호 ( Yong-ho Choi ),정용훈 ( Yong-hoon Jeong ),곽동희 ( Dong-heui Kwak ) 한국물환경학회 2021 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.-

진행마비에 대한 임상적 고찰

곽동일,김용진 大韓神經精神醫學會 1974 신경정신의학 Vol.13 No.3

Five cases of general paresis, who visited the Department of Neuro-psychiatry, Woo Sok Hospital, Korea University during last one year, presented and discussed in the view of their clinical characteristics and diagnostic problems. Then the following results and suggestions were obtained. 1. Three patients out of five cases were difficult to differentiate from manic-depressive psychosis or psychotic depression on the first psychiatric and neurological examinations. 2. Pupillary changes and convulsive episodes, previously reported as characteristic symptoms of general paresis, were not found in all of the cases. 3. One out of all their spouses showed positive reaction in the blood serological test. 4. Two out of five cases showed abnormal tracings in Electroencephalogram. 5. It was the author's impression that not only the primary syphilitics but also the general patretics was increasing in our country. 6. It is strongly recommended that those of patients over the age 30 manifesting major functional psychosis on the 1st psychiatric interview should have blood serological test as a routine examinations.

응급실로 내원한 자살 시도자의 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도와 자살 심각도의 상관성

김용구,이헌정,이민수,곽동일 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

연구목적 : 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도의 저하 혹은 이의 치료가 자살, 폭력적 행동, 그리고 우울증과 관련이 있다는 역학적, 임상적 보고들이 대두되었다. 본 연구에서는 첫째, 자살시도후 응급실로 내원한 정신과 환자의 혈중 콜레스테롤 농도가 자살시도가 없었던 정신과 입원환자 혹은 정상대조군에 비하여 감소되어 있는지, 둘째, 진단별로 분류하였을 때 우울증, 정신분열증, 인격장애 환자사이에 유의한 차이가 있는지, 셋째, 자살 심각도와 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도간에 유의한 상관관계가 있는지를 알아보았다. 연구방법 : 1994년 1월부터 1997년 7월까지 자살시도후 응급실로 내원한 정신과 환자 102명을 연구대상군으로 하였으며, 동 기간에 본원 정신과에서 입원 치료를 받은 자살시도가 없었던 환자 중 대상군과 나이, 성별, 진단을 일치시킨 102명의 환자대조군과 무작위로 102명의 정상 대조군을 선택하였다. 자살시도자는 자살의 심각도에 따라 5단계군으로 분류하였다. 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도는 효소법에 의한 자동분석기로 측정되었다. 연구결과 : 자살시도 환자군이 자살시도가 없었던 환자군과 정상대조군에 비해 콜레스테롤 농도의 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 진단적으로 구분해서 살펴보면, 우울증에서는 이런한 차이가 유의하였으나, 정신분열병과 인격장애에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 낮은 콜레스테롤 농도는 자살시도의 심각도와 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 결 론 : 본 연구의 결과는 콜레스테롤 농도의 저하가 자살시도의 위험을 증가시킨다는 이전의 주장들을 지지 해주는 결과로 사료된다. 이러한 관련성이 정신분열병이나 인격장애에서는 없었으나, 우울증에서만 있었다. 이는 낮은 콜레스테롤 농도와 자살행동사이의 연관성이 우울증에서 보이는 생물학적 기전과 관련이 있을 가능성을 제기하고 있다. 우울증에서 콜레스테롤 농도의 저하는 세로토닌, 인터루킨-2 그리고 멜라토닌 대사와 관련될 수 있다. Objectives : Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that low cholesterol levels or clinical trials to reduce cholesterol concentrations may be associated with suicide, violent behavior or depression. The aim of the present study was to determined ⅰ) whether suicidal psychiatric patients is characterized by decreased serum cholesterol concentration ;ⅱ) whether significant difference of cholesterol levels might be present according to the psychiatric diagnosis, and ⅲ) whether significant association between suicide severity and cholesterol levels might be present. Method : The subjects were 102 psychiatric patients who were admitted to emergency ward following an attempted suicide during the period from January 1994 to July 1997 and 102 age, and sex matched psychiatric controls who were consecutively admitted to a psychiatric ward during the same period, and 102 age, sex matched healthy normal controls. The suicide attempters were divided into 5 grades according to the suicide severity. Serum cholesterol concentrations were measured by a enzymatic method. Results : The serum cholesterol level in suicidal attempters were found to be significantly lower compared with both psychiatric and normal controls. This significant relationship between suicidal attempt and low cholesterol level was observed only in depressive patients, but not in schizophrenics or personality disorder patients. Low cholesterol was significantly associated with the severity of the suicide. Conclusions : These results support the previous finding that low cholesterol level might be associated with an increased risk of suicide. The fact that the significant relationship was observed only in depressive disorder, but not in schizophrenia or personality disorder raises the possibility that the association between low serum cholesterol and suicidal behavior may have relevance to biological mechanisms in depression. It is hypothesized that low cholesterol levels would be associated with depression by modifying the serotonin, the production of interleukin-2 and melatonin metabolism.

도재소부용 금합금에서 주석, 동의 첨가가 도재계면의 특성에 미치는 영향

남상용,곽동주 대구보건대학 2003 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This study was performed to obersered the compositions of oxide on the surface of dental porcelain gold alloy with various Tin and Copper addtions according to the degassing and analysing the change composition of additional elements Sn, Cu on diffusion behaviors of porcelain-metal surfaces. To investigate the micrstructure of oxidized alloy surface, EDAX and EPMA were used to investigate the diffusion behaviors of porcelain-metal surfaces. X-ray diffraction were used to observe the morphological changes in the oxidation zone. Te results of this study were obtained as follows: 1) The Tin oxidation increased with increasing Tin contents after heat treatment. Diffusion of Tin element increased with increasing tin contents in metal-porcelain sulface after heat treatment. 2) The Copper oxidation and diffusion not increased with increasing cpooer contents. 3) The oxidations of alloy surface were mainly SnO_(2) and CuO.

부비강미분화암종 3예

김용대,곽동석,이형중,신재흔,배창훈,송시연 영남대학교 의과대학 2004 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.21 No.1

Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma (SNUC) is a very rare, highly aggressive malignant tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. SNUC tends to present with advanced-stage disease, often with intracranial invasion. It requires an aggressive multimodality therapy that includes surgical resection. A cure rate of less than 20% is generally reported in the literature, with most patients dying within 1 year of onset of the disease. Three patients diagnosed as SNUC were treated at the Yeungnam University Medical Center between the years 2000 and 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients presented with the disease very advanced. The three cases were given chemotherapy or chemotherapy with radiotherapy. Two patients died of the disease, surviving only 6 and 11 months following treatment, respectively. We did a follow-up on just the one remaining case with incomplete controlled disease for 27 months. The overall prognosis of SNUC is very poor. We consider that more intensive multimodality therapies are recommended for all patients with SNUC.

글로우 방전을 이용한 이산화탄소의 전환특성

신용섭,송승훈,곽동주 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

In this study, the characteristics of CO₂conversion and glow discharge were investigated using glow discharge plasma reactor with a parallel copper electrode system. A pure CO₂ gas was used for the carrier gas under gas pressure of 10∼80 torr in a glow discharge. For glow discharge, discharge current was increased with the increase of discharge voltage. In the case of constant discharge voltage, the discharge current tend to increase with the decreasing of gas pressure. Using pure CO₂only, the CO₂conversion was increased with the increase of discharge power and the decreased of gas pressure. The maximum CO₂ conversion was 28% at 10 torr, 598 W, 902.4V. Energy yield was decreased with the increase of discharge power and discharge voltage. Also, the concentrations of CO₂and O₂in the produced gas were slightly increased with the increase of CO₂ conversion.

정신분열병과 22번 염색체 인터루킨-2 수용체 β-chain 유전자의 연관성

김용구,이민수,김 인,곽동일,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.3

연구배경 : 정신분열병이 유전적이라고 제시하는 많은 역학 연구와 유전자 연구에도 불구하고, 이 질환의 유전방식과 질병유전자는 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 정신분열병과 22번 염색체 장완의 11.2-12부위에 위치한 Interleukin-2수용체 β chain 유전자간에 유전적 연합을 조사하고자 정신분열병 환자 93명과 정상대조군 97명 대상으로 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 Interleukin-2 수용체 β chain (IL-2Rβ) 유전자의 다형성 분포를 조사하였다. 연구방법 : 환자군은 DSM-Ⅲ-R 진단기준에 따라 임상아형(망상형, 붕괴형, 미붕괴형, 잔류형)으로 분류하였다. 음성 및 양성 정신분열병으로 분류하기위해 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)을 사용하였다. Genomic DNA를 전혈 임파구에서 추출한 후, IL-2Rβ 유전자좌를 분석하기 위해 dinucleotide(GT)n 염기배열순서를 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 증폭시켰다. 연구결과 : IL-1Rβ의 대립유전자는 모두 8가지 종류이고, guanine-thymine의 반복된 149 염기쌍을 시작으로 151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 163 염기쌍의 형태를 보였다. 정신분열병 환자군과 정상대조군간에 도형접합체 및 이형접합체 빈도의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 환자군과 정상대조군의 대립유전자 분포의 빈도는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 더욱이 각각의 대립유전자 분포에서도 양군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또한 동질의 아형으로 분류해 보기위해 임상아형, 양성 및 음성증상군, 가족력의 유무에 따라 비교적 동질적인 표현형을 가진 집단으로 나눈 후 대립유전자 분포를 비교해 보았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서는 Interleukin-2 수용체 β chain 유전자가 정신분열병의 병인론에 관련된다는 가설을 지지할 만한 긍정적 소견을 얻지 못했다. Background : While a significant genetic predisposition to schizophrenia has been proposed, the mode of inheritance or nature of etiological factors is unknown. Previous reports of a genome-wide survey for schizophrenia susceptibility genes have indicated a possible region of linkage on chromosome 22. In order to test the possibility that the interleukin-2 receptor β chain(IL-2Rβ) gene on chromosome 22 is of etiological importance in schizophrenia, a case-control association study was conducted. Methods : Subjects were ninety-three schizophrenic patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia by DSM-Ⅲ-R criteria and ninety-seven normal controls, Schizophrenic patients were divided by clinical phenotypes such as DSM-Ⅲ-R diagnostic subtypes, positive and negative symptoms, and family history so as to increase the homogeneity of schizophrenics. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood lymphocytes according to standard procedures. The DNA was used to study a dinucleotide repeat in the IL-2Rβ gene. To reveal the dinucleotide polymorphism. genomic DNA of subjects was amplified by polymerase chain reactions(PCR). Results : At the IL-2Rβ gene locus, all the previously reported alleles(eight different alleles) of a dinucleotide polymorphism were identified. There was no significant difference between number of heterozygosity in schizophrenic patients and in normal controls. There was no significant difference in the distribution of frequencies of alleles between schizophrenics and normal controls. In addition, there was no significant difference in the allele frequencies among subtypes of schizophrenic patients according to DSM-Ⅲ-R diagnostic subtypes, positive and negative symptoms, and family history. Conclusion : The present study did not detect a difference in frequencies of alleles of a dinucleotide polymorphism at the IL-2Rβ gene locus between schizophrenic patients and normal controls. These results do not supports an evidence that IL-2Rβ gene plays, a major role in the etiology of schizophrenia.

원발성 유방암에서 Sodium Iodide Symporter의 발현과 ^(99m)Tc-MIBI 유방스캔의 관계

석주원,김성장,곽희숙,이창훈,김인주,김용기,배영태,김동수 대한핵의학회 2002 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.36 No.6

목적: hNIS는 갑상선 조직 외에 다른 조직들에서도 발현된다고 알려져 있다. 유방암 세포는 그런 조직들 중에 하나이며, 그에 의한 유방암의 방사성옥소치료의 가능성이 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유방암 조직에서 hNIS의 발현정도를 알아보고, ^99mTc-MIBI 유방스캔과 hNIS의 발현 정도와의 관계를 조사하여 보았다. 대상 및 방법: 본 연구에서는 유방암으로 수술을 시행했던 56명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. hNIS의 발현은 면역조직화학염색에 의해서 평가되었으며, 그 결과를 ^99mTc-MIBI 유방스캔의 판정 결과와 비교하였다. 결과: 전체 56명의 환자에서 hNIS의 발현율은 41.1%였다. 병리학적 진단에 의해 침윤성관상피암종이었던 49명에서의 발현율은 42.9%, 관상피내암종이었던 7명에서의 발현율은 28.6%였다. ^99mTc-MIBI 유방스캔에서 국소섭취 소견이 관찰되었던 41명에서의 hNIS의 발현율은 31.7%였다. 비정상적인 섭취 소견이 관찰되지 않았던 15명의 환자에서의 hNIS의 발현율이 의미있게 높게 관찰되었다(66.7%, p>0.05). 결론: 유방암 환자에서의 hNIS의 발현율은 그다지 높지 않았다. ^99mTc-MIBI 유방스캔에서 섭취증가 소견이 없을 때 hNIS의 발현율이 더 높았다. Purpose: Human Na^+/I- symporter (hNIS) is known to be expressed in many tissues other than thyroid gland. The breast cancer cells are one of them and the possibility of radioiodine therapy in treatment of the breast cancer may be suggested. We investigated the expression rate of hNIS and the relationship between the expression of hNIS and the finding of 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography in the breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Surgically proved 56 patients with breast cancer were the subjects of this study. The expression of hNIS were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the results were compared to the findings of 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography. Results: Overall expression rate of hNIS was 41.1% in 56 patients. According to the pathologic diagnosis, it was 42.9% in 49 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma and 28.6% in the 7 patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. The expression rate of hNIS in the 41 cases with a focal increased uptake at he breast lesion on 99mTc-MIBI scintimammogram was 31.7%. That in the 15 cases without any abnormal uptake on the scan was significantly higher(66.7%, p<0.05). Conclusion: The expression rate of hNIS in the patients with breast cancer was not so high. The rate was higher in the patients with no increased uptake at the breast lesion on 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography. (Korean J Nucl Med 2002;36;325-32)

대기압 스트리머 코로나방전특성 및 이산화탄소 전환특성

조문수,김학규,곽동주,신용섭 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2001 공학기술연구지 Vol.8 No.-

Deep interests have been paid on the application of non-thermal plasma technique th solve the environmental pollution problems. CO_2 is one of the severe pollutants which cause the acid rain and global warming. In this study, in order to improve the conversion efficiency of CO_2, the streamer corona discharge plasma and barrier discharge plasma reactors were made, and the conversion characteristics of CO_2 by the corona discharge plasma and some discharge characteristics of these discharge chambers are studied experimentally.