서울시 大氣粉塵의 重金屬 濃度 및 發生源에 關한 硏究

千晩寧 건국대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.31 No.1

This study was performed to measure the concentration and orign of heavy meatals of total suspended particulate(TSP) from April 5 to July 28, 1989. The concentration was TSP 188 μg/m3, Al 7.02 μg/m3 and Ni 0.013 μg/m3 in average, respectively and the analytical results showed the following order of metal abundance Al〉Fe〉Zn〉Pb〉Cu〉Mn〉Ni. Among heavy metals in ambient air Al was detected at the highest level, 7.02 μg/m3 and Ni was the lowest 0.013 μg/m3 average respectively. The concentration of TSP and heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, and Cu in the ambient air seems gradually decreasing annually, but Ni has been shown the tendency of increasing. On the basis of Al the enrichment factors of Mn, Fe, and Ni were smaller than 3, but those of Cu, Zn, and Pb were large than 18. Among concentrations of heavy metals in ambient air, Al and Pb, Cu and Mn were highly correlated with of 0.7, Mn and Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni were very high correlated with r=0.9.(Ni and Pb, Zn and Cu were correalated with r=0.8,) Cu and Pb were r=0.9614, Cu and Zn were r=0.7, Zn and Pb were highly correlated with r=0.8, but Fe and all heavy metals were lowly correlated with correlation coefficient(r). It might be assumed that Al and Fe were mainly produced by soil, Ni was produced by combustion of gasoline and diesel oil, Pb and Cu were .produced by automobile, Zn and Mn were produced by refinery and steel manufacturing.

안성지역 대기중 미세입자에 포함된 음이온의 농도분포 특성

천만영,김태욱 안성산업대학교 1996 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

NO_3 and SO^2-_4 concentrations and distributions of airborne fine particles less than 2㎛ in Ansung atmosphere were determined from November 21 to December 2, 1996. The sampling was carried out using 8-stage Hering's low pressure impactor (LPI, aerodynamic cutoff diameters are 0.05, 0.075, 0.11, 0.26, 0.05, 1,0, 2,0 and 40㎛) at the top of a four storied building located at Ansung national university in Ansung. The average concentrations of NO_3 and SO^2-_4 were 9.0, and 84(㎍/㎥) respectively. The distributions of NO_3 concentrations were bimodal types which showed two peaks in the range of 0.075~0.12㎛ and 0.5~1.0㎛ in aerodynamic diameter. And the distributions of SO^-2_4 concentrations were bimodal types which showed two peaks in the range of 0.12~0.26㎛ and 0.5~1.0㎛.

防風形 NO_2 簡場捕集器 開發에 關한 硏究

千晩寧,曺永泰 안성산업대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

Recently the brief NO_2 samplers frequently are using for measuring NO_2 concentrations in the atmosphere because of simple and high accuracy.(NO_2 absorbent usually is being used 20% triethanolamine(TEA)). But these samplers have defect which absorbed NO_2 is increased by wind. To diminish those errors in this study, the inlet of sampler was covered with the draft shield made by 325 mesh stainless sieve, But the draft shield was expected to disturb NO_2 diffusion. In order to conform the fact, the samplers with or without draft shield were exposed to a box filled with 1-1.1ppm NO_2. The result of work, it was proved that draft shield nearly did not disturb NO_2 diffusion. To protect samplers from dust, sunshine, rainout and vertical wind effects, those samplers put into shelter during field test. It was compared NO_2 samplers data with the ambient air mornitering network data. The coefficient of correlation between two data was r=0.9980 in field test for 35days. This NO_2 samplers were suitable to use for a long time than a short time and were able to use for a little over 30days.

Morphine의 血漿 Corticosterone 增加作用에 미치는 副交感神經系藥物의 影響

文永煥,全普權,申萬鍊 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.1

Buckingham suggested that the effects of opioid substances on CRF secretion are probably due partially to direct actions on the hypothatamus and partially to alterations in the activity of cholinergic and noradrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. In this paper, the influences of cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs on the morphine-induced increase of plasma corticotserone level was studied in male mice. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The dose-dependent increasing effect of morphine on plasma corticosterone was significantly inhibited by naloxone. 2. Pilocarpine (0.1-2.0㎎/㎏), physostigmine(10-200㎍/㎏), carbachol(10-200㎍/), and nicotine(0.1-2.0㎎/㎏) induced the dose-dependent increase of plasma corticosterone level. Particularly, the increasing effect of physostigmine and carbachol was marked. 3. The increasing effect of morphine on plasma corticosterone was markedly enhanced by pilocarpine, physostigmine or carbachol and was slightly enhanced by nicotine. The combined effect of morphine with pilocarpine or nicotine showed a tendency to be strengthened by atropine. But the combined effect of morphine and physostigmine was little changed by atropine and the combined effect of morphine and carbachol was inclined to be decreased by atropine. 4. Atropine(1.0㎎/㎏)and hexamethonium(10㎎/㎏)induced the marked increase of plasma corticosterone level. But by the combined treatment of them, the plasma corticosterone level showed the initial marked increase followed by the abrupt decrease downward to the control level. The increase induced by the combined treatment of atropine or hexamethonium with morphine was rather lower than that induced by a single treatment of atropine or hexamethonium. These results suggest that the increasing effect of morphine on plasma corticosterone level is mediated rather by its direct action on hypothalamus and its indirect action on central noncholiergic neurones than by its action on central cholinergic neuronal function.

강진만에서 미생물의 년 변화

박종천,오재영,정용욱,주현수,이원교,유춘만,이우범 國立 麗水大學校 환경문제硏究所 2001 環境硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The biological surveys were performed at seven sites in the Gangjin bay from February, 1998 to November, 2001. In order to analysis of environmental variation, numbers of heterotrophic bacteria, general fungus and fecal coliforms were enumerated in each sample. The result showed that variation range of heterotrophic bacteria, general fungus, and fecal coliforms were 2.9 x 10^(3)~9.6 x 10^(3) CFU/ml, 17.2~80.1 CFU/ml, and 6.3~682.5 CFU/100ml for four tears(1988~2001), respectively. Density of heterotrophic bacteria and general fungus were gradually decreased for four tours, while fecal coliforms were suddenly increased. Specially, numbers of fecal colifoms were increased the more 100 times in 2001 than that 1998. We think that it was probably caused a little rainfall in February, 2001. There result suggests that ecosystem of Gangjin bay were mainly regulated by 2~3 factors, which were inflow of fresh water, salinity and variation of water temperature.

Multi Cone Nailing 工法의 地盤補强效果에 關한 硏究

김영삼,류제천,김송만,박춘수 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.16 No.2

In this study, the behavior properties and the influences of design variables related to internal and external stability in soil Nailed structure are expounded. Also, the Multi Cone Nailing method, which is new soil Nailing method transformed by addition of multi Cone are introduced. This method was designed when the failure is occurred by separation of Nail and grout material. The Soil Nailing and Multi Cone Nailing by pullout test results and analyses using SLOPE/W software for the purpose of making researches into the ground reinforcing effect of Multi Cone Nailing method are compared and analyzed. In the analyses using SLOPE/W software, I intentionally determined the analyzed section which is ground strata consisting of fill and weathered soil and has 7.0m excavation height. Analyses divided by without reinforcement, reinforced by Soil Nailing and reinforced by Multi Cone Nailing respectively, and determined section and soil strata was not changed because of the purpose of studying the effect by only reinforcement differences. The results of this paper are summarized as follow. From the pullout test results, initial pullout capacity in Multi Cone Nailing increased in 15% than it in soil Nailing. And residual pullout capacity decreased in 62% than initial pullout capacity in soil Nailing, but it is the same in Multi cone Nailing. As result of analyses using SLOPE/W software, the vertical slope is failed condition when without reinforcement, but is safe when reinforced by soil Nailing or Multi Cone Nailing. The factor of safety in multi Cone Nailing increase in 20% than it in soil Nailing. Compared with in soil Nailing, strength and shear resistance following the slip surface enlarged in Multi Cone Nailing, but shear mobilized decreased in it.

Pentazocine의 鎭痛效果에 미치는 Diazepam과 Naloxone의 影響

廉英鶴,全普權,申萬鍊 고려대학교 의과대학 1982 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.19 No.3

In this paper, the analgesia and the change induced by pentazocine of plasma corticosterone level and blood sugar level in mice were assayed, and also the influences of diazepam and naloxone on those effects of pentazocine were studied. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The threshold temperature of pain induction (TTPI) was determined as a index of the response to a painful stimulus using a hotplate. Diazepam 2.5㎎/㎏ and naloxone 1.0 ㎎/㎏ moderately increased TTPI, respectively, and the analgesic effect of pentazocine 3.16㎎/㎏, 10㎎/㎏, or 31.6 ㎎/㎏, showed a log dose-dependent response curve. The response curve to pentazocine was shifted to the right by the pretreatment of naloxone, but it was shifted to the left by the pretreatment of diazepm. 2. Diazepam 5.0㎎/㎏ and pentazocine 30㎎/㎏ significantly increased the plasma corticosterone level. And the increase induced by pentazocine of plasma corticosterone was not suppressed by the pretreatment of naloxone but by the pretreatment of diazepam. 3. Diazepam 5.0㎎/㎏ and pentazocine 30㎎/㎏ transiently increaesd the blood sugar level, and the increase induced by pentazocine was not affected by the pretreatment of either naloxone or diazepam. This study suggests that the pentazocine receptor to increase the plasma corticosterone level is different from that to induce the pentazocine analgesia.

농촌지역 노인들의 우울증상에 관련된 요인들의 특성

송미숙,전기홍,송현종,김정은,박승구,신상건,이동훈,정성현,최연주,최완철,최민규,황재철,홍지만 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

This study was performed to identify risk factors for depression among the elderly in a rural area. A survey was done for the elderly living in Gosam-myenn, Ansung-kun during the period of July 28, 1997 and July 30, 1997. Demographic and sodoeconornic characteristics, and functional and health Status were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the level of depression was measured by GDS score. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, and the results were as follows: 1. The total sample consisted of 133 elderly. Of them, 47 elderly (35.4%) showed significant depressive Symptoms. 2. The GDS score was the highest for the group over 85 years of age (p < 0.05). Those living alone or widowed showed lower GDS score than those living with someone or married (p < 0.05). 3. The GDS score was the highest in the absolutely dependent group, followed by the partially dependent group, and the independent group (p < 0.01). The elderly who perceived their health Status as excellent showed the lowest GDS score. In contrast, those who had more than five chronic diseases showed the highest GDS score. 4. The elderly receiving financial and emotional support from their family or friends showed lower GDS score compared to those without any support. 5. The economically dependent group showed higher GDS score than that of independent group. 6. The elderly who involved in leisure activities showed lower GDS score than those without any involvement. 7. In terms of risk factors for depression, we found that perceived health Status, subjective economic Status, leisure activities, living arrangement and financial support were inversely associated with GDS score, whereas labor support was positively associated with GDS score. Based upon the above findings, this study suggests that these risk factors for depression in the elderly should be taken into consideration for a comprehensive mental health program for the elderly living in the rural area.

단순반복 작업자의 작업대 및 의자의 형태와 누적외상성질환 증상과의 관계

정현기,노영만,임현우,박정일,정춘화 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적 : 단순반복작업 생산직 근로자의 누적외상성질환에 대한 사업주의 건강관리규정 준수상태 및 근로자의 자각증상호소와 의자 및 작업대의 형태를 파악하고 크기를 측정하여 이들과 누적외상성질환 자각증상호소와의 관련요인을 알아보고 대책을 제공하고자 한다. 방법 : 서울 및 경기지역 일부 100인 미만 사업장중 전기, 전자부품 제조업체 7개를 선정하여 생산직 근로자 77명을 대상으로 누적외상성질환에 대한 사업주의 건강관리규정 준수상태와 및 근로자의 자각증상호소에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 의자와 작업대의 크기를 측정하고 증상과의 관련요인을 알아보기 위하여 로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 의자와 작업대가 작업자세에 영향을 준다고 인식하는 작업자는 85.7 %이였으며 단순반복작업 근로자 작업관리지침에 의한 사업주의 근로자에 대한 관심은 매우 낮았다. 누적외상성질환 자각증상 호소율은 63.6 %이였으며 자각증상 부위는 어깨 37.9%, 목 15.2 %, 등 6.1 %, 팔/팔꿈치 4.6 % 순이였다. 입사 후 초기발생시기는 평균 16.5개월이며 자각증상 호소는 작업대 두께, 작업대높이, 작업대 밑무릎공간, 등받이 높이, 좌석면 높이, 좌석면의 앞뒤길이, 좌석면의 좌우길이, 작업대끝에서 어깨까지의 거리에서 유의한 관련이 있었다. 자각증상호소의 관련요인은 등받이 높이, 좌석면의 높이, 좌석면의 앞뒤길이 이였다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과로 보아 정부는 단순반복작업 작업자의 누적외상성질환 예방을 위하여 사업주에 대 한 철저한 교육 및 관리감독을 해야한다. 사업주는 작업대 및 의자를 작업자의 신체치수와 작업내용에 맞게 높이를 조절할 수 있는 제품을 사용하고 작업전, 후에 정기적인 건강체조 및 휴식을 갖도록 하며 근로자에 대한 실질적인 보건교육이 이루어져야 한다. Objectives : The main purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) and the types of workstation and chair in workers with repetitive motion tasks. Methods : The study subjects were 77 repetitive motion tasks workers at small manufacturing industries in Seoul and Gyung-gi district area. A questionnaire was used to obtain about health practice for prevention and prevalence of CTDs by worker. The type of Workstations and chairs in workers were measured and analyzed with prevalence of CTDs by logistic regression. Results : Eighty-six percent of workers recognized that work posture was related to workstation and chair, Most employers and employees didn't follow the work practice guidelines for workers with repetitive motion tasks. The prevalence of CTDs was 64% by questionnaire. The prevalence of pain in shoulder, neck, back, and arm were 38%, 15%, 6%, and 5%, respectively, and the pain started after working an average duration of 16.5 months. The CTDs symptoms were significantly related to thickness of workstation, height of workstation, length of knee depth under workstation, height of back rest, height of seat pan, depth of sitting surface, width of sitting surface, and length from workstation surface edge to shoulder. By multiple regression analysis of each risk factor, prevalence of CTDs was highly correlated with height of back rest, height of seat pan, and depth of sitting surface. Conclusions : This study suggests that workstations should be made adjustable for height and chairs should be equipped with seat pan height control, enough sitting surface for depth and width, back rest height and angle control. The workers should use the right working postures, exorcise for health, occupational health education, and rest breaks and the manager of company should be educated for the preventing of CTDs.

貯水池 流域內의 河川 特性

徐承德,宋永立,千萬福 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop regression equation between physical characteristic factors of watershed of irrigation reservoirs(122 reservoirs), which are in operation for 3 to 65 years and have irrigation area equal to or larger than 200 has, located in South Korea are used in the analysis. The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1. In each province, the relationships between watershed area and main stream length, circumferential length, and number of streams, and that between main stream length and total tributary length have high correlation and high stastical significance. 2. It is found that the ratios of main stream length to circumferential length, total tributary length, and centroid length are 1:3, 1:3, and 1:0.5, respectively. 3. Watershed unit characterisitics are found that the shape factor of 0.44, the stream compactness of 0.79, the stream density of 1,63㎞/㎢, the stream frequency of 1.06piece/㎢, the relief factor of 45.6 m/㎞ and the average watershed altitude of 194.2m, respectively. The result of this study are useful for understanding correlation between watershed characteristic factors of reservoirs.