糞尿와 都市 廢棄物과의 混合處理에 대한 硏究 (Ⅰ) : 肥料化를 中心으로한 實驗室的 考察 Experimental study for the fertilization

金熙鐘,金相烈,金秀生,孫晋彦,金燦國,成周慶,吳英敏 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1977 硏究報告 Vol.1 No.1

우리나라에 있어서 都市廢棄物의 主인 糞尿와 固形廢棄物의 太宗인 無煙炭재를 同時에 效果的으로 處理할 수 있고 또한 堆肥化시킬 수 있는 好氣性 酸化方式의 最適條件을 얻기 위하여 生糞尿 및 煉炭재의 理化學的 및 生物學的 數値를 測定하고 이를 基礎로하여 上記 兩者를 混合處理 할수 있는 消化條件(溫度, 糞尿와 煉炭재의 配合比, 기타 固形物의 添加量, 注入되는 空氣量의 變化)에 따른 C.O.D., B.O.D.의 變化, 水分 및 電氣傳導度의 變化, 熱灼減量, N量의 變化 等을 硏究하였으며 이들 사이의 相關關係를 檢討하여 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 生糞尿에 固形廢棄物인 煉炭재나 紙類를 配合시켜 消化시키므로서 케이크속의 질소成分의 量을 增加 시킬수 있다. 2. 煉炭재의 配合은 糞尿의 消化速度를 增加 시킨다. 3. 糞尿의 處理를 위한 反應槽의 溫度는 50℃보다 60℃로 維持 시킬때 消化速度가 크다. 4. 反應槽의 溫度를 一定하게 했을때 空氣의 注入速度는 初期 反應時는 적게하고 後期 反應時는 크게 함이 效果的 이다. For the effective treatment and usable disposal of urban wastes in the area of Busan city, the composition of the nightsoil and anthracite bulky ash which is the main munic ipal solid wastes have been studied on the digestion of the compositive mixtures with the variable conditions that are ratio of compounding between nightsoil and ash, amount of solid additives and volume of air for the effective airation at 50, 65℃. The digestion has been detected by the physico-chemical and biological data; pH, specific gravity, content of moisture, C.O.D., B.O.D., electroconductance of the solution of the results, decrease of nition, and volume of total free nitrogen etc. The results are obtained as follows. 1) The characteristics of domestic nightsoil are different to the foreign data as table 5, but the data of anthracite ash almost are same except the composition of Fe₂O₃ and Al₂O₃. 2) Amount of total free nitrogen are increased by the digestion with the addition of solid waste, as effective absorption, to the nightsoil. 3) The digestion are accelerated by the compounding of ash, but the adding of sulfuric acid to fix the free ammonia reduced reaction. 4) The airation have to proceed slowly at initial step, and then endure enough volume of air at the later step.

축구선수의 경기 기술 분석 프로그램

김종환,조용찬 중앙대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2002 體育硏究 Vol.- No.16

The purpose of this study was to make a computer program for match analysis for developing a soccer player's technique and offer it to managers or players. It is also very helpful to get good information for selecting good players. We will develop this program to analyse soccer player's technique effectively. The contents of this program consist of following three sections: 1) Inputting the materials about individual information of players, 2) Analysing the capability and the score of individual or team, 3) It Is possible to input, output, delete, maintain Information about player and team. This program has been developed to analyse the techniques of players who have already taken part in a match. It is useful to develop the player's techniques and improve the team's tactics. This program will contribute to the following factors: 1. We will get information about the merits and demerits of each player's techniques and then let them know how well they played. We could encourage them to improve their skills when playing. 2. We can distinguish between the capability of the offense and the defense. 3. We earn analyse player's techniques to select the players who can take part in a match. So we could decide the best time to substitute players. 4. In analysing player's techniques we could achieve essential information for training players. In addition we would know how to control them. 5. We can open our analysis about players and team to the public. They will get a lot of information about whatever they want. It would be helpful to share our information with the public. Consequently we can encourage the public to be more interested In soccer. It will absolutely contribute to development of soccer in Korea.

Frankel Appliance Type-Ⅲ 사용 전, 후의 안모 연조직 변화에 관한 측모 두부 방사선 계측학적 연구

김민찬,김진태,김종철 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue changes following FR-Ⅲ therapy. The sample consisted of 18 males and 15 females. The mean age of pretreatment was 9.0 years in males and 8.3 years in females, and the mean thratment time was 10.8 mos. in males and 12.2 mos. in females. In this study the endex method was adopted to exclude the effect of growth during FR-Ⅲ therapy. The obtained results were as follows: 1.In the linear measurement of male, Apex nasalis, Superior labial sulcus, Labrale superior, Subspinale, and Incision superior moved forward significantly in both actual and index value, Incision inferior, Supramentale, and Pogonion moved backwaud significantly in both actual and index value, and Labrale inferior, Inferio labial sulcus and soft-tissue Pogonion moved backward significantly in index value. 2.In the linear measurement of female, Apex nasalis, Superio labial sulcus, Incision superios moved forward significantly in both actual and index values, Labrale superior, Subspinale in only actual value, and Incision inferior in both value, Labrale inferior, Inferior labial sulcus in only index value moved backward significantly. 3.In the measurement of soft tissue thickness, Superior labial sulcus and Labrale inferior of male increased in both actual and index value. 4.In the angular measurement, upper incisor angle of both sexes increased ingnificantly, facial convexity angle of bothe sexes decreased significantly,, and upper lip angle of male increased significantly. 5.In the measurement of differnces between hard and soft tissue changes, there were significant differences in between Subspinale: Superior labial sulcus, Incision superior: Labrale superior, Incision inferio:Labrale inferio of male and Subspinale:Superior labial sulcus of female in both actual and index value, and Incision superior: Labrale superior of femlle in only index value. There was significant difference between upper incisor angle change and upper lip angle change.

小兒 血行性 化膿性 脊椎骨髓炎 : 3例 報告

金贊榮,郭英信,趙宗大,李銀浩 대한소아과학회 1969 小兒科 Vol.12 No.12

여의도 성모병원 신경정신과 입원환자에 대한 통계학적 고찰

김종은,최수호,최보문,김용찬,이규환 최신의학사 1984 最新醫學 Vol.27 No.1

糞尿와 煉炭재로서 肥料化를 위한 反應塔의 最適設計 : 反應條件과 分散板의 特性을 中心으로 Character of distribitor of bubble column and reaction condition

金熙鍾,金燦國,孫晋彦,金相烈 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1979 硏究報告 Vol.3 No.1

球型反應器와 氣泡塔反應器內에서 糞尿와 煉炭재를 混合合成하여, 肥料化함에 알맞은 消化條件을 糞尿溶液의 物性(稀釋倍率, 表面張力 및 返送汚泥의 混合比率), 煉炭재의 特性, 曝氣流速, 消化中空氣의 가스홀드엎 및 消化時間等의 變化에 따라 硏究하였다. 또한 消化速度에 미치는 두 反應器의 特性을 상호 비교하였으며 이들 인자사이의 상호관계를 檢討하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 消化溶液의 表面張力變化에 의해 反應速度의 測定이 可能하였으며, 이는 BOD法이나 COD方法보다는 짧은 時間內에 간단히 측정할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 2. 球型反應器와 같이 원통형 氣泡塔內에서도 연탄재의 粒子가 클수록 反應速度가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 3. 원통형 氣泡塔內에서는 희석배율이 5배일때가 더 경제적이다. 4. 분산판의 구멍의 지름이 0.9㎜이하에서는 지름이 적을수록 반응의 완결도와 가스홀드엎이 크게 나타났으며, 0.9㎜ 이상에서는 구멍의 크기가 거의 영향을 받지 않는다. The appropriative condition of digestion for the compost of anthracite ash and nightsoil in ball-type reactor and bubble column reactor, according to the ratio of dilution and surface tension of nightsoil solution, the compounding ratio of the treated nightsoil charactor of ash, velocity of aeration, gas holdup during the digestion and the time of reaction, have studied. The different charactor between two reactor which have an effect on degree of completion of reaction and the relation among various factors has been investigated as the following results. ⅰ) The degree of completion of digestion was more conveniently measured by mean of a change in surface tension of nightsoil solution than BOD or COD measurement. ⅱ) The particle size of ash accelated to the degree of completion of digestion in bubble column likewise ball-type reactor. ⅲ) The optimun ratio of dilution economically is 5 times in bubble column. ⅳ) Below 0.9㎜ of hole diameter of distributor, degestion and gas hold up were in inverse proportion to the diameter of hole, but above 0.9㎜ the size of diameter have not an effect an digestion.

접촉각 측정에 의한 사이즈 분석

이찬용,김철환,최경민,박종열 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.35 No.-

접촉각(Contact Angle)이란 액체가 고체표면 위에서 열역학적으로 평형을 이룰 때 형성하는 각을 의미하며, 고체와 액체 사이에서 이루는 접촉각의 측정은 접착, 표면처리, 폴리머 표면 분석과 같은 많은 분야에서 잘 알려진 기술이다. 이러한 접촉각은 종이의 내수성에 대한 정밀한 예측을 가능하게 하는데 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 접촉각 자동 측정 시스템(AMS-2001)은 종이에 부여된 내수성을 종이 시료 상에 형성된 접촉각 측정을 통하여 정량화 할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 AMS-2001을 이용하면 사이징 처리된 종이의 접촉각, 발수각, 액적의 폭, 지름, 표면장력 등을 측정할 수 있었고, 액적이 변화되는 모양을 디지털 화상을 통하여 추적할 수 있었으며 또한 기존의 Stockigt 실험 방법과 거의 유사한 재현성 및 신뢰성을 나타낼 수 있었다. The contact angle formed by a droplet of water used to estimate a repellency property of paper. The conventional systems measuring a contact angle are based on a manual measurement of the angle by a 3-point determination such as a far-left or far-right point, and a top point of a water droplet on a sample sheet. Thus the manual method to analyze a water repellency property can be greatly affected by an operator's bias. The new method to measure a sizing degree by a contact angle was developed using an automatic determination of 3-end point coordinates of the water droplet, which could diminish the operator's bias during measurement. The system could also quantify width and height of a water droplet, a surface tension of a solid specimen, and a time elapsed during complete absorption of water into a sheet. Finally, the values measured by the system were quite reproducible and reliable.

의약품중 잔류유기용매 시험법 확립에 관한 연구

고용석,강찬순,최보경,김혜수,홍정희,최명신,김상현,장성재,김길수 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

Headspace-GC(딘5-GC)를 이용하여 ICH 잔류웅매 가이드라인 class 1, 2에 속하는 28종의 잔류유기웅매 분석방법을 연군한 결과 SPB-5, BB-WAX column을 동시 이용하여 각각을 확인, 정량할 수 있었다.또한 염의 참가효과, 평형시간,평형온도가 headspace분석에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과 평형 시간 30분,평형온도 85℃,Na₂SO₄Ig을 첨가하여 시험할 때 최적 부넉조건을 나타내었다. 회수율은 1,1-achloroethene(68.3%)를 제외하고 90.9 ~ 114.5%로 패체적으로 양호하였다. 따로 HS-GCJECD, DB-524 column을 이용하여 9종의 잔류유기용매에 대하여 각각의 검랸선을 작성하고 검출한계를 구하였다. 실제 의약품 원료 10종및 제제 5종에 적용시킨 결과 모두 불검출되었으며 본 시험법은 의약품중의 잔류유기용매 분석에 적용할 수 있는 방법이라고 판단된다. The headspace-fC/FID(HS -GC/FID) method was performed for test method developnlent of residu;31 organic solvents in pfrarmaceuticals. Using SPB-S and BB-WAXcolumn, 28 kinds of solvents iri ICH residual sof)·ents guidetine class 1, 2 couBd be individuallt-identified and quantitated. The foIBowing residoal soIYents were not detected by the headspaceinjection condition : N,N-Cmethylacetamide, N,N-dimeth)rlformamide, ethyfeneglycol, formamide,2-methoryethanot, N-rnethylpyrrolidone, suBforane. The effects of the addition of salts,equilibration time, and equilibration temperature on headspace analt·sis were invesugated. Theoptimum conditions weiFe obtained with addtion of Ifa2s04 19 as a salt, simultaneously. thetime and temperature of equitibration were 30min and 8i'f, respectivety. The recovery havefound between 90.9 and 114.5% except 1,1-dichloroethene(fi8.3%). Using DB-624 column &HS-GC/:ECD method, 9 kinds of residual solvents could be individually identified andfuantitated. This HS-GC method can be applied to test the residua3 organic solvent in thepharmaceuticals.

Nortriptyline 제제의 생물학적 동등성에 관한 연구

신재국,차인준,장인진,정원석,김용식,박찬웅,신상구 大韓臨床藥理學會 1993 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

Induction of Quinone Reductase and Glutathione S-Transferase in Murine Hepatoma Cells by Flavonoid Glycosides

Kim, Jung-Hyun,Lee, Jeong-Soon,Kim, Young-Chan,Chung, Shin-Kyo,Kwon, Chong-Suk,Kim, Young-Kyoon,Kim, Jong-Sang The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.4

The potential of seven flavonoid glycosides to induce quinone reductase (QR), an anticarcinogenic marker enzyme, in murine hepatoma cells (hepalc1c7) and its mutant cells (BPRc1) was evaluated. Among test compounds, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, luteolin-6-c-glucoside, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q-3-G) induced QR in hepalc1c7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. However, in BPRc1 cells lacking arylhydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), only Q-3-G caused a significant induction of quinone reductase at the concentration range of 0.5 to 8 ug/mL, suggesting that it is a monofunctional inducer. Q-3-G induced not only phase 2 enzymes, including QR and glutathione-S-transferase, but also nitroblue tetrazolium reduction activity in HL-60 cells, a biochemical marker for cell differentiation promoting agents. In conclusion, Q-3-G merits further study to evaluate its cancer chemopreventive potential.