Floristic characteristics of vascular plants and first distributional report of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim in Yongneup wetland protected area

Young-Chul Kim,Hyun-Hee Chae,Sang-Heock Oh,Seung-Ho Choi2,Moon-Pyo Hong3,Gi-Heum Nam,Jae-Yoon Choi,Hyun-Sook Choi,Kyu-Song Lee 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Yongneup wetland protected area, the only high moor in Korea, is a core area to conserve biodiversity. Even though the Yongneup wetland protected area is relatively small, various plant species are distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area because it includes various habitats showing different environmental gradients. Vascular plants distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area were identified as a total of 376 taxa that is composed of 73 families, 217 genera, 322 species, 3 subspecies, 44 varieties and 7 forms. For endangered plants designated by the Ministry of Environment, 5 species including Trientalis europaea var. arctica, Lilium dauricum, Halenia corniculata, Lychnis wilfordii and Menyanthes trifoliata were found and 34 taxa were confirmed to be distributed only in the mountainous wetland habitats. Regarding naturalized plants, a total of 11 taxa were distributed, but most of them were distributed in the areas where artificial interference has occurred. And in areas inside the wetlands that are relatively well preserved, 2 species of Bidens frondosa and Erigeron annuus were observed. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim, which was recently found in Mt. Baekdu and reported as a new species, were identified in the Yongneup wetland protected area. A wetland is a very vulnerable area to drastic environmental changes and damages to its ecosystem could cause the extinction of rare plant species which are distributed only in the wetlands. Therefore, it is mandatory that current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area is evaluated and actions to prevent rapid environmental changes are taken. Fourteen separate investigations were conducted in 2013 and another four in 2014, to evaluate current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area. These investigations have provided us the basic information for future actions of conservation and restoration.

2007년 대한감염학회 권장 성인 예방접종 권장안

강진한,김홍빈,손장욱,이상오,정문현,정희진,최영화,최정현,최준용,최희정 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

In 2007, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases recommended an immunization schedule for adults residing in Korea. This recommendation includes four categories: standard immunization for healthy persons, supplementary immunization for persons with underlying illnesses, recommendations for health-care personnel and for international travelers. The Standard Immunization Schedule consists of universal vaccination (tetanus-diphtheria/tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Td/Tdap); hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 20s; human papilloma virus vaccine for women under 26 years old; meningococcal vaccine for military recruits and college students in dormitories; influenza vaccination for persons aged 50 years or more and pregnant women; and pneumococcal vaccination for persons aged 65 years or more) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 30s; hepatitis B vaccine, varicella and MMR vaccines for persons who have uncertain specific immunities). The Supplementary Immunization Schedule recommends 4 vaccines, i.e., pneumococcal, influenza, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, appropriate to the underlying illnesses, and confirmation of the presence of antibodies to hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The Recommendation for Health-Care Personnel includes universal vaccination (influenza and pertussis) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and varicella for seronegative health-care personnel). The Recommended Immunization for International Travelers focuses reinforcement of vaccinations for healthy persons and includes certain immunizations necessary for international travel (yellow fever, meningococcal, plaque, tick-borne encephalitis, and cholera). These guidelines can be seen at www.ksid.or.kr.

새로운 매체현실과 문화변화

최문규,김회봉,조경식,서규환 한국독일어문학회 2000 독일어문학 Vol.11 No.-

Der Begriff "Medienrealita¨t" ist heute aktuell geworden. Obwohl die Medien zur Vemittlung der Kommunikation auch in der Vergangenheit sehr verallgemeinert worden sind, gelten sie heute nicht mehr als bloβes Mittel. Die Entwicklung der elektronischen bzw. technologischen Medien vera¨ndert sowohl die Realita¨t unserer Welt als auch das Sein schlechthin. Der Begriff "Medienrealitat" ist synonym mit den anderen Begriffen wie "digitaler Schein" bzw. "virtuelle Realita¨t". "Informationsgesellschaft", die den tradierten Gegensatz zwischen Sein und Schein. dem Wahren und dem Falschen auflo¨st und zu einer neuen "Form der Realita¨t" avanciert werden. Um die Medienrealita¨t zu analysieren. werden im zweiten Kapitel die verschiedenen Elemente illuminiert, durch die neue Medienrealita¨t und Kultur konstituiert werden: ganz neue "immaterielle Basis der Information. Macht der Bilder, Geschwindigkeit, neue computerielle Wahrnehmung. "Medienwerk". Diese Elemente beherrschen sowohl die Realita¨t als auch die Kultur. Abschlieβend wird die Mo¨glichkeit reflektiert. wie die Kunst (besonders die Literatur) die Medienrealita¨t u¨berwinden und ihre alternativen Wege ero¨ffnen kann. Im dritten Kapitel wird der Begriff "virtuelle Realita¨t" philosopisch uberpruft, wobei er die Gemeinsamkeiten mit den tradierten philosophischen Begriffen wie "dynamis, "potentia, "virtualite"~possibi1ite usw. teilt. Auch kann der Widerspruch der "virtuellen Realita¨t" besta¨tigt werden, die vor allem auf der radikalen Vera¨nderung von Technik. Information und Kapital basiert. Das heiβt: es ist ein Widerspruch oder die Verhu¨llung der ontologischen Implikation, daβ die virtuelle Realita¨t durch die allma¨hliche Negierung ihrer Virtualita¨t zur Realita¨t erhoben wird. Im vierten Kapitel wird das Verha¨ltnis der Gesellschaft zu Umwelt. Information und Medien aus der Sicht der Luhmannschen Systemtheorie betrachtet. Daraus ergibt sich. dass die Gesellschaft als Sozialsystem bei ihrer Selbstreproduktion mit der Leitdifferenz von System/Umwelt operiert und damit die elbstreproduktion der Gesellschaft von der Vera¨nderung ihrer Umwelt (Technik, Bewuβtsein, Organismus usw.) abha¨ngig ist. Dabei ist deutlich, dass Medien (Schrift. Buchdruck. Elektronik usw.). die zur Verbreitung der Informationen dienen, bei der Evolution der Gesellschaft eine entscheidende Rolle gespielt haben. Schlieβlich handelt es sich um die unterschiedlichen soziologischen Theorien u¨ber das Verhaltnis von Medien und Gesellschaft. In den Vordergrund treten dabei die Theorien von D. Bell und M. Poster. Bells Theorie der postindustriellen Gesellschaft behandelt die Entwicklung der Technologie. die heute die Kultur und die Gesellschaftsstruktur stark vera¨ndert. Gegen Bell postuliert Poster eine Wende von der Produktionsweise zur Informationsweise, indem er die erwandtschaft mit der postmodernen Theorie teilt. Seiner Perspektive zufolge gilt heute nicht das Kapital. sondern die Information als Hauptmovens der Gesellschaft. Die Medien ko¨nnen weder das Absolute noch die Utopie sein. Was der Euphorie der sog. "idealen Entwicklung der Medien" kritisch gegenu¨berstehen kann. ist nichts anderes als die kritische Reflexion der Kunst.

차아염소산나트륨과 클로르헥시딘의 반응침전물 형성방지를 위한 여러 가지 근관세척 방법의 비교

최문선,박세희,조경모,김진우 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the different canal irrigation methods to prevent the formation of precipitate between sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Extracted 50 human single-rooted teeth were used. The root canals were instrumented using NiTi rotary file (Profile .04/#40) with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA as irrigants. Teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups and one control group as follows; Control group: 2.5% NaOCl only, Group 1: 2.5% NaOCl + 2% CHX, Group 2: 2.5% NaOCl + paper points + 2% CHX, Group 3: 2.5% NaOCl + preparation with one large sized-file + 2% CHX, Group 4: 2.5% NaOCl +95% alcohol+ 2% CHX. The teeth were split in bucco-lingual aspect and the specimens were observed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope. The percentages of remaining debris and patent dentinal tubules were determined. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Energy Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy was used for analyzing the occluded materials in dentinal tubule for elementary analysis. There were no significant differences in percentage of remaining debris and patent tubules between all experimental groups at all levels (p > .05). In elementary analysis, the most occluded materials in dentinal tubule were dentin debris. NaOCl/CHX precipitate was detected in one tooth specimen of Group 1. In conclusion, there were no significant precipitate on root canal, but suspected material was detected on Group 1. The irrigation system used in this study could be prevent the precipitate formation. 이 실험의 목적은 NaOCl과 CHX의 혼합사용 시, 발생하는 침전물의 형성을 막기 위해 두 용액간의 접촉을 줄일 수 있는 여러 가지 방법을 비교하고, 관찰된 침전물의 원소를 분석하는 것이다. 발거된 50개의 단근치를 사용하였으며 2.5% NaOCl을 이용하여 .04 taper ProFile #40까지 근관형성 하였다. 치아는 다음과 같은 근관세척 방법에 따라 4개의 실험군과 1개의 대조군으로 나누었다; 대조군: 2.5% NaOCl, 1군: 2.5% NaOCl + 2% CHX, 2군: 2.5% NaOCl + paper points + 2% CHX, 3군: 2.5% NaOCl + .04/#45 근관확대 + 2% CHX, 4군: 2.5% NaOCl +95% alcohol+ 2% CHX. 근관세척 후 치아를 양분하고 치관부, 중간부, 치근부 세부위로 나누어 전계 방사형 주사 전자현미경을 통하여 잔사 비율, 개방 상아세관 비율, 상아세관 내 물질의 원소분석을 시행하였다. 실험결과, 실험군 사이에 잔사비율과 개방된 상아세관 비율 비교에서 통계학적으로 유의할 만한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 1 군의 한 시편에서 C의 함유량이 높게 나타났으며 N과 Cl도 함께 검출되어 para-chloraniline으로 추정되며, 1 군의 다른 시편과 나머지 실험군에서는 O, P, C, Ca의 순으로 함유량이 높은 것으로 나타나 수산화인회석으로 추정된다. NaOCl 세척 후 바로 CHX 세척을 한 군에서 PCA로 의심되는 물질이 검출된 바, 두 용액의 직접적인 접촉을 피하기 위해 주의가 필요하며, 본 실험에 사용된 여러 근관 세척방법 이용 시 침전물의 형성을 예방할 수 있을 것이다.

환경친화성 계면활성제를 이용한 어병균의 살균효과

최상원,정관용,오남희,김은영,방정환,김정우,여문환 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.5

The antibacterial effect amino acid-copper(Ⅱ) surfactant on fish pathogens was studied. Fish pathogens of Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus sp. were selected, cultured in nutrient agar and adjusted at 2 × 10 exp (5)∼10 exp (6) CFU/㎖ in phosphate buffer saline before the addtion of amino acid-copper(Ⅱ) surfactant with different concentrations. All tested pathogens died within 1 hour with 1 ppm of amino acid-copper(Ⅱ) surfactant. In comparison with formalin and ET, amino acid-copper(Ⅱ) surfactnat was more effective in antibacterial capacity.

Sr·페라이트 플라스틱자석의 제조에 관한 연구

문현욱,최희태,서강수,신용진 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.-

In this paper, we mention he fabrication of Sr ferrite plastic magnet. In order to compose Sr ferrite, first, a little CaO, SiO₂, Na₂SiO₃, and Al₂O₃ are added to SrO5.9Fe₂O₃. Then, the composition is calcinated at 1225℃ under N₂ enviroment for 1 hourwith addition of PVA 5wt% solution. The carbon coating method increase grinding effect on powder fabrication. To fabricate anisotropic Sr ferrite plastic magnet, 80-89wt% of Sr ferrite and polyamide6 are kneaded and then 0-12kOe of magnetic field is applied. On magnet fabrication, an optimal condition of injection mold is obtained under the injection temperature 270℃, the injection pressure 120㎏/㎠, the magnetic field 8kOe and magnetic field applied time 8sec. As the result of experiments, we obtain (BH)max = 2.09MGOe property on anisotropic plastic magnet which is fabricated by using injection mold method in magnetic field.

Fecal sterol을 이용한 울산만과 주변해역 퇴적물내 하수기인 유기물 평가

최민규,최희구,김상수,문효방 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Surface sediments (0~4 cm) were sampled at 40 stations from Ulsan Bay and its adjacent areas of Korea, to evaluate the contamination by sewage-derived organic matters using fecal sterols. Some sterols were quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Total concentrations of eight sterols (coprostanol, cholesterol. cholestanol, epicholestanol, epicoprostanol, (3-sitosterol, brassicasterol, and stigmasterol) in the sediments from Ulsan Bay and its vicinity varied from 929 to 23.444 ng/g dry weight. The most predominant sterols were cholesterol and coprostanol, accounting for 33~72% of total sterols. The concentration of coprostanol known as the indicator of human feces ranged from 141 to 8,257 ng/g dry weight. In particular, the coprostanol concentrations in the sediments from Jansaengpo Harbor and Taehwa River exceeded the value of 1,000 ng/g dry weight. suggesting that these areas could be considered as the hot-spot zones by municipal sewage contamination. Some molecular indices and multivariate data analysis were used to assess the origin of these sterols in the sediments. Results showed that the major routes of sewage contamination in Ulsan Bay and its vicinity were the input through Jansaengpo Harbor and Taehwa River.

4극 이방성 Sr페라이트·플라스틱자석의 제조에 관한 연구

최희태,문현욱,신용진,진성빈 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This thesis deals with the fabrication of 4 poles anisotropic Sr ferrite plastic magnets. After Polyamide6 and polyamide12 are kneaded respectively with Sr ferrite powder, silane coupling and calcium stearate of lwt% are added for coating and pelleting. The pelleted specimen injection-moulded under magnetic field using 4 poles mould. In the case of using polyamide6 as a binder, for 4 poles anisotropic Sr ferrite plastic magnets the surface magnetic flux density distribution is +943.8∼-943.8kG and the deviation is 5.2%, polyamide12, the distribution is +1040.9∼-1040.9KG and the deviation is 5.4%.The magnet distribution shows stability. As the results of experiments, we find 4 poles anistropic Sr ferrite plastic magnets have properties as the materials appropriate for manufacturing magnet type synchronous motors.

Application ot the Nonlinear System of Star Diagram

최문술,류문희 군산대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

속도방정식인 Schlogl model에 대한 retarded n-point 함수를 명확하게 나타내었다.어떤 면에서는 이러한 방법을 다른 비선형계에 정확한 형태로 적용할 수 있다. The retarded n-point function of a Schl□gl model which is rate expression is represented explicitly.In some cases this method allows one to apply to the other nonlinear system in explicit form.

보우타이 패치 안테나의 초광대역화 설계

문수덕,박재일,최경,황희용 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2005 정보통신논문지 Vol.9 No.-

In this paper, A ultra wideband antenna with electromagnetically coupled feeding is presented. The designed antenna is composed of Bow-tie patch with parasitic patch ground of a semicircular shape. The measured bandwidth of the designed antenna is from 2.5GHz to 8.3GHz for -10dB return loss (VSWR < 2). This antenna shows a similar radiation pattern of monopole and maximum gain better than ideal dipole throughout the operating frequency band.