스티렌 폭로 근로자들의 기중 및 혈중 스티렌과 요중 만델산의 관계 분석

정호근,강성규,양정선,김기웅,이종성,조영숙,박인정 大韓産業醫學會 1994 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The concentration of styrene in air in blood and mandelic acid in urine were checked for the 60 workers with normal liver function, exposed to styrene. Styrene in air were sampled with personal air sampler at least 4 hours and analyzed by gas chromatography. Blood and spot urine were collected at the end of shift with a vacuum tube and a polythylene bottle and analyzed by gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Means of air and blood styrene and urine mandelic acid were 8.16 ppm(geometric mean), 0.199 mg/L, and 0.519 g/g creatinine, respectively. The concentration of styrene in air and mandelic acid in urine were high in the FRP factories and low in polymerization factory. Styrene in blood showed large difference by the working process. Styrene in air showed a good correlation with mandelic acid in urine(r=0.6369) and styrene in blood(r=0.6371). The mandelic acid in urine and styrene in blood corresponded to exposure of 50 ppm styrene were 0.890 g/g creatinine and 0.434 mg/L. However, hippuric acid in urine did not show any correlation with styrene in air. Urine mandelic acid excretion expected ratio showed a tendency to decrease according to obesity index and to increase with alcohol consumption.

초등학교 특수학급 교사의 특수교육보조원 활용실태

정정화,조인수 大邱大學校 師範大學 附設 敎育硏究所 2009 學校敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구는 초등학교에 근무하는 특수학급 교사들의 특수교육 보조원 활용실태를 알아보는데 연구의 주안점을 두었다. 구체적인 연구목적은 첫째, 특수 교육 보조원 활용성과에 관한 초등학교 특수학급 교사의 인식수준을 밝히고 둘째, 초등학교 특수학급 교사들의 특수교육 보조원 활용실태를 밝히는데 있다. 얻어진 결론은 초등학교 특수학급 교사들은 특수교육보조원 제도 운영에 긍정적인 인식을 갖고 있고, 통합교육 교육을 위한 바람직한 제도이며, 학생 및 학부모 모두에게 긍정적인 효과를 내며 특수교육에 질적인 변화를 가져온다고 인식하고 있다. 활용실태 면에서 수업협의, 통합 학급 교사들과의 갈등해소, 팀 체제의 구성, 특수교육보조원에 대한 책임한계, 자질 및 역할 수행에 대한 만족도 차이와 직무연수, 선발ㆍ배치 관리에 있어 학교의 자율성, 학생 인원수에 따른 보조원수 조정, 행ㆍ재정적 지원대책 등을 분석하였다. 구체적인 인식과 실태분석에서 제시된 내용들은 특수교육 보조원의 효율적 활용방안에 기초자료를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다. The purposes of this study is to examine the perception of teachers for special classes in elementary schools on the outcomes of the utilization of paraprofessionals for students with disabilities, the actual use of those paraprofessionals by teachers for the use of paraprofessionals in a bid to suggest some reform measures about how to take advantage of paraprofessionals. The subjects of this study were teachers who are in charge of special classes in 60 elementary schools in Daegu. The findings of the study are as follows; First, the elementary school teachers for special classes took a positive view of the paraprofessional system. They thought that the employment of paraprofessionals contributed to laying the solid groundwork for inclusive education, and that educational services provided by them brought a change to the quality of special education. Second, after paraprofessionals started to work, students with disabilities had more opportunities to receive inclusive education as they helped them when they got around or needed another help. The teachers had a discussion with them in advance about instruction, which served to offer more practical inclusive education. To let the paraprofessional system take root, however, there should be mutual confidence between the teachers and paraprofessionals, and management and evaluation criteria should be clarified.

상이한 악궁처치방법에 따라 채득한 인상체의 보철학적 평가

정우인,조인호 단국대학교 치의학연구소 1996 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

The antagonisitic cast must accurately reproduce the occlusal morphologic features to simulate the actual clinical occlusoarticular situation in the articulator. Various preimpression preparation procedures have been used for obtaining the accurate quality of occlusal reproduction in taking irreversible hydrocolloid impressions. This study evaluated and determined how different procedures for preimpression preparation of the oral cavity influence the quality of the occlusal reproduction of teeth on the casts. In this study, bubble counts on the casts according to preimpression preparation or alginate types (normal set and fast set) were compared and analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. The bubble count on casts was increased in GroupⅠ, GroupⅢ, GroupⅣ and GroupⅡ, GroupⅤ in that order, and the quality of occlusal reproduction according to preimpression procedures showed GroupⅠ to be excellent. There was no significant difference between bubble counts according to alginate types. 2. There was significantly difference between bubble counts according to preimpression procedures in each of three bubble sizes(p<0.05). GroupⅠ in case of Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ bubbles, GroupⅠ and Group Ⅲ in the case of Type Ⅲ bubbles showed the lowest bubble count with stastically significant difference(p<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference between bubble counts according to alginate types in each of three bubble sizes(p>0.05). According to the results of this study, it was considered that the quality of occlusal reproduction was the most excellent when fluid hydrocolloid was finger -painted onto the occlusal surfaces in taking hydrocolloid impressions after the oral cavity and occlusal surfaces were dried by a vacuum suction and jet of air.

In-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI admitted during off hours

( Sung-Soo Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Young Keun Ahn ),( Jong Hyun Kim ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Young Jo Kim ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( In Whan Seong ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Dong-hoon Choi 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Conflicting results exist on the outcome of off hours PCI in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there were only a few studies that have focused on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of off hours PCI in STEMI. So, we studied the clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI during regular hours (weekdays 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM) versus off hours Weekdays 6:01 PM to 8:59 AM, weekends, and holidays) in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. We analyzed in hospital and one year mortality among 5,665 consecutive ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary PCI between November 2005 to January 2008. Total 2,848 (50.2%) patients were treated during off hours. Baseline finding were similar, although regular hours patients were older. Median symptom to balloon time (304 min, IQR 175 to 750 vs. 270 min, IQR 145 to 551, p=0.001) were longer for regular hours primary PCI. Median door to balloon time (71min, IQR: 48 to 132 vs. 59 min, IQR 39 to 110 min, p=0.001) were longer for off hours pPCI. Also, Cardiac enzyme such as Max CK-MB (212.1±299.3 vs 194.7±303.4, p=0.031) and max TnI (72.6±239.5 vs. 58.9±94.4, p=0.013) were increased in off hours pPCI. However, unadjusted in hospital (6.0% off hours vs. 6.0% regular hours, p=0.946) and one year cardiac mortality (11.3% off hours vs. 11.7% regular hours, p=0.661) were comparable. In multivariate analysis, off hours primary PCI did not predict an adverse outcome. In conclusion, when primary PCI was performed within an appropriate reperfusion strategy, the clinical effectiveness of either off hours or regular hours pPCI is comparable.

항생제 혼합 시멘트 정을 이용한 장관골 감염성 불유합의 이단계 치료

조세현,정순택,박형빈,황선철,하용찬,황인환 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적: 장관골 감염성 불유합의 치료 시 항생제 혼합 시멘트 정을 이용한 이단계 재건술의 결과를 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2002년 9월까지 장관골 감염성 불유합으로 이단계 재건 수술을 받은 41예 (대퇴골 26예, 경골 15예)를 대상으로 하였다. 일단계 수술에서는 광범위한 변연 절제술, 부골 제거 및 세척술과 기존 고정 장치의 제거 또는 외고정 장치로의 교환을 시행한 후 시공 (dead space)과 불유합 주변 연부조직 내 항생제 혼합 시멘트 정을 삽입하였다. 임상적 감염 증상이 호전된 평균 8.7주 (3주~32주) 후 이단계 재건술로서 Ⅰ군은 내고정 장치 (금속판 5예, 골수강내 금속정 8예), Ⅱ군은 외고정 장치 (Ilizarov 25예, Monofixator 3예)로 각각 고정하고 17예에서는 골내 이동술이나 골 연장술을 시행하였다. 양군 모두 필요한 경우 골 이식과 시멘트 정의 교환을 추가하였다. 추시 기간은 16개월에서 최장 71개월로 평균 45개월 이었다. 치료 결과는 골유합 기간 및 Paley 방법에 의한 방사선상 골유합 상태와 하지 기능으로 평가하였다. 결과: Ⅰ군 13예 전부와 Ⅱ군 28예 중 26예에서 감염의 치료와 골유합을 얻었다. 이단계 재건술 후 골 이식술, 골 소파술, 외고정 핀 교환과 각변형 교정술, 피부 이식 또는 근육 피판 회전술 등의 보조적 시술이 Ⅰ군은 평균 2회, Ⅱ군은 평균 6.2회 추가되었다. 평균 골유합 기간은 Ⅰ군이 19.3주이고 Ⅱ군이 23.1주로 내고정군이 더 빨랐다. 방사선상 Paley 골유합 상태는 Ⅰ군이 우수 8예, 양호 5예이었고, Ⅱ군이 우수 18예, 양호 7예, 보통 1예, 불량 2예 이었다 (p=0.492). 기능적 결과는 Ⅰ군에서 우수 6예, 양호 6예, 보통 1예 이었고, Ⅱ군에서는 우수 10예, 양호 13예, 보통 3예, 불량 2예 이었다 (p=0.267). 결론: 항생제 혼합 시멘트 정의 골수염 치료 효과가 관찰되었으며, 감염이 호전된 후 내고정 장치로 교환해 준 군이 외고정을 유지한 군에 비하여 추가 수술 횟수가 적고, 골유합 기간도 빨랐다. Purpose: To evaluate treatment results between internal na external fixation groups in two-stage reconstruction of infected nonunion of long bones using antibiotics-impregnated cement beads. Materials and Methods: In the first stage, preexisting hardwares were removed and radical debridement was done. The dead space was filled with antibiotics -impregnated cement beads and the nonunion sits was immobilized by external fixation, cast or skeletal traction. In the second stage, all cases were divided into two groups; the nonunion was fixed by internal fixation in group Ⅰ versus external fixation in group Ⅱ. The intervening period between the first and second stage was average 8.7 weeks (range, 3~23 weeks). Results: The follow-up period was average 45 months (range, 16~71 months). Infection control and bone union were achieved in all 13 cases of group Ⅰ. Infection recurred in two of 28 cases in group Ⅱ, one underwent above-knee amputation and the other case was lost in follow-up. The mean number of supportive operations including repeated curettage, augmentation and change of infected pins, angular correction, and soft tissue flap was average 2 and 6.2 times respectively in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ. Bony union period was average 19.3 and 23.1 weeks in each group. According to Paley's classification, group Ⅰ was similar to group Ⅱ in bony and functional result (p>0.05). Conclusion: Antibiotics-impregnated cement beads provided positive effect on infection control. Internal fixation group showed less number of additional operations and earlier bony union than external fixation group.

Temporal trends and in-hospital outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in nonagenarians with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

( Joon Young Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Yong Woo Choi ),( Yong Keun Ahn ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Young Jo Kim ),( In Whan Seong ),( In Ho Chae ),( Myeong Chan Cho ) 대한내과학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.30 No.6

Background/Aims: Data regarding the outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in nonagenarians are very limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the temporal trends and in-hospital outcomes of primary PCI in nonagenarian STEMI patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) from November 2005 to January 2008, and from the Korea Working Group on Myocardial Infarction (KorMI) from February 2008 to May 2010. Results: During this period, the proportion of nonagenarians among STEMI patients more than doubled (0.59% in KAMIR vs. 1.35% in KorMI), and the rate of use of primary PCI also increased (from 62.5% in KAMIR to 81.0% in KorMI). We identified 84 eligible study patients for which the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 21.4% (25.0% in KAMIR vs. 20.3% in KorMI, p = 0.919). Multivariate analysis identified two independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, namely a final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow < 3 (odds ratio [OR], 13.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2 to 59.0; p < 0.001) and cardiogenic shock during hospitalization (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 30.3; p = 0.013). Conclusions: The number of nonagenarian STEMI patients who have undergone primary PCI has increased. Although a final TIMI flow < 3 and cardiogenic shock are independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, primary PCI can be performed with a high success rate and an acceptable in-hospital mortality rate.

치과 Implant 보철 수복시 자연지대치와의 연결형태에 따른 응력분석의 유한요소법적 분석

鄭載悳,曺仁鎬 단국대학교 치의학연구소 1992 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Dental prosthodontics, of which primary objective is the rehabilitation of mastication, esthetice and phonetics etc. caused by the loss of teeth and their supporting structures, has a new vista in which the studies of making fixed or removable prosthesis by implanting artificial roots into jaw one are actively under progress. In the early phase, osseo-integrated implants were mostly used for the treatment of fully edentulous patients byt recently various methods of rehabilitation partial edentulous jaws has been studied and are actually applied to the clinical use. Clinicians have much interest in the connection modalities of the natural abutments and implants, and he fact which type of connection brings about the most favorable results is a very important question. As a part of biomechanical study of biofunction, stress analysis using finite elements were applied to compare and analyse stress produced in adjacent bone tissue to the natural abutments and dental implants. Experimental models have dental implants in partial edentulous areas in the lower arch, where 1st and 2nd molars were unilaterally lost. 4 finite models(free standing, rigid, semi-rigid, and telescopic connector) were designed. Load of 1.5Kg and 30Kg were applied to each experimental group respectively. After the models were checked and results were calculated by the transformation procedures following results were obtained. The stress occuring along the interface of cortical bone and supporting structures of the abutments, and along the cancellous bone, were compared according to the model types. 1. In the free standing implant prosthesis, which is not connected to the natural abutment tooth, high stress distributions were observed in the distal third area of natural abutment apex, mesio-cervical area of 1st implant and in disto-cervical area of 2nd implant in all of experimental groups. 2. In the case of rigid and telescopic models of 3 unit bridge, using one natural abutment and one implant fixture, stress distribution and amount were similar in both group 1(1.5㎏) and group 2(30㎏). High stress distributions were observed in the mesio-apical third of natural abutment and cervical region of implant fixture. 3. In the semi-rigid model, high stress distributions were observed in the cervical region of natural abutment and cervical third of implant fixture in group 1.Stresses were more concentrated in implant fixtures. In group 2, high stress distributions were observed in the apical third of natural tooth and in the mesio-apical third and disto-middle third of implant fixtures. The stress was concentrated more from mesio-apical third to the disto-middle third in the implant fixture than natural abutment tooth. 4. In the cancellous bone under the interface of cortical bone, natural abutment and implant fixtrue, stresses were concentrated on underlyingapex of natural abutment tooth in free standing model. Stree distribution was high in disto-middle third of natural abutment in rigid and telescopic model, and it was relatively high in each underlying apex of natural abutment. In group 1 of semi-rigid model, high stress distributions were observed in the disto-middle third of abutment tooth and in the mesial surface of implant fixtures. Stress distributions were high in the disto-middle third natural abutment and mesial and apical region of implant fixtures in group 2. 5. Under the limits of elasticity, the pattern of stress distribution was almost unaffected by the differences in the load applied, but resultant stress amounts were affected by the magnitude in the forces applied.

셀레콕시브 및 그 합성유도체들의 항암활성 스크리닝

박정란,강진형,구효정,노지영,류형철,박상욱,고동현,조일환,이주영,황다니엘,김인경 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.2

Selective COX (cyclooxygenase)-2 inhibitors including celecoxib have been shown to induce apoptosis and cell cycle changes in various tumor cells. New inhibitors are recently being developed as chemomodulating agents. We evaluated celecoxib and screened 150 synthetic compounds for anti-proliferative activities in vitro. Effects of celecoxib on COX activity, cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis induction were determined in A549 COX-2 overexpressing human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The COX inhibition of celecoxib increased with concentration up to 82% at 1μM after 24 hr exposure. Forty μM and 50μM of celecoxib induce G_1 arrest, and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, respectively. Among 150 compounds, several compounds were selected for having greater COX-2 inhibitory activity and higher selectivity than celecoxib with growth inhibitory activity. Celecoxib showed concentration-dependent COX inhibitory activity, and ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human NSCLC cells in vitro. Among synthetic analogues screened, several compounds showed promising in vitro activity as COX-2 inhibitory anticancer agents, which warrant further evaluation in vitro and in vivo.

기계적 자극을 고려한 bioreactor 개발

박정훈(Jeong Hun Park),이인환(In Hwan Lee),이승재(Seung-Jae Lee),조동우(Dong-Woo Cho) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5

Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to repair damage resulting from injury or disease because of its avascular nature. In this regard, it has been studied that regeneration of cartilage at in-vitro environment in tissue engineering. And it is reported that mechanical stimuli take a role in improving cell growth in articular cartilage. In this study, we designed a custom bioreactor capable of applying controlled compression to cell-seeded scaffolds. This device consisted of a circulation system and compression system. In circular system, culture chamber was sealed for prohibiting contamination and media solution was circulated by pump. In compression system, mechanical stimuli were controlled by LabVIEW software and mechanical transfer system. Control program was divided two modes such as continuous mode and discrete mode. Therefore, developed bioreactor can be produced two conditions of mechanical stimulation.

뇌경색 환자의 혈중 호모시스틴치 (예비 연구)

정두신,송인욱,조상걸,성기범,박형국,신현길,장성근 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.1