Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40

Ilsoo Kim,Han Hee Lee,Young Jae Ko,Ho Eun Chang,Dae Young Cheung,Bo-In Lee,Young-Seok Cho,Jin Il Kim,Myung-Gyu Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. Results: Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). Conclusions: Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.

방어 普通肉과 血合肉 筋原纖維蛋白質의 熱安定性.I. 熱安定性比較

崔映準,卞在亨,鄭甫泳 釜山水産大學校 1984 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.2

방어 普通肉과 血合肉의 筋原纖維蛋白質의 熱安定性을 밝히기 위하여 背部 普通肉과 側部 血合肉에서 筋原纖維蛋白質을 各各 抽出하고 溫度의 變化가 筋原纖維蛋白質의 安定性에 미치는 影響을 ???-ATPase 活性度에 의하여 分析 檢討하였다. 그리고 이들 蛋白質의 變化速度와 熱力學的 狀態函數도 測定 比較하였다. 實驗結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. Trition X-100을 含有하는 溶媒로서 處理한 방어 普通肉과 血合肉의 筋原纖維蛋白質은 0.09% 1.70%의 脂質이 混入되어 있었으며, 이때의 ???-ATPase 活性은 各各 0.205∼0.225μM-Pi/min/mg-protein 및 0.231∼0.240μM-Pi/min/mg-protein 이었다. 2. ???-ATPase 活性은 普通肉과 血合肉의 筋原纖維蛋白質이 함께 溫度의 上昇과 더불어 1次 函數關係로 감소하였고, 31℃이하에서는 普通肉의 筋原纖維蛋白質이 血合肉의 筋原纖維蛋白質에 比하여 安定하였으나, 그以上의 溫度에서는 血合肉 筋原纖維蛋白質이 보다 安定하였다. 3. 25℃ 溫度條件에서의 普通肉 筋原纖維蛋白質의 活性化에너지는 5,500 cal/mole, 活性化엔탈피는 4,900cal/mole, 活性化 엔트로피는 -44.51 e.u. 자유에너지값은 18,100cal/mole 이었고, 血合肉의 筋原纖維蛋白質은 活性化에너지가 5,390 cal/mole, 活性化엔탈피가 4,800 cal/mole, 活性化엔트로피는 -44.17 e.u., 자유에너지 값은 17,900 cal/mole 이었다. 溫度의 上昇과 더불어 自由에너지값에 寄與하는 엔트로피의 影響은 증대하였다. 4. -30℃, -15℃ 및 0℃에서 貯藏하였을때의 各 筋原纖維蛋白質은 -30℃에서 가장 安定하였고 0℃와 -15℃의 順으로 安定性이 떨어졌다. This paper deals with the differences between the thermal stabilities of myofibrillar proteins of dorsal ordinary muscle and lateral dark muscle in yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradita. The myofibrillar proteins submitted to this experiment were extracted by the modified method using Triton X-100 detergent. Effects of temperature on the stabilities of the myofibrillar proteins were investigated by analysing ???-ATPase activity. The denaturation velocities and thermodynamic parameters of each of the proteins were compared. Lipid content and ???-ATPase activity of the myofibrillar protein of the ordinary muscle were found to be 0.09% and 0.205-0.225μM-Pi/min/mg-protein, respectively, while those of the dark muscle were 1.70% and 0.231-0.240μM-Pi/min/mg-protein. The relationship between the inactivation of ???-ATPase activity of the myofibrillar proteins and the increase in temperature showed a good first-order reaction. The half-life of ???-ATPase activity on the myofibrillar protein showed in general that the protein of the ordinary muscle is more stable than that of the dark muscle. Activation energy, activation enthalpy, activation entropy and free energy of the protein at 25℃ were 5,500 cal/mol, 4,900 cal/mol, -44.51 e.u. and 18,100 cal/mol, respectively for the ordinary muscle, and 5,390 cal/mol, 4,800 cal/mol, -44.17 e.u. and 17,900 cal/mol, respectively for the dark muscle. It may be concluded that an increase in temperature affects substantially to entropy of the proteins. The myofibrillar proteins of the both muscles found to be more stable at -30℃ than at 0℃ and -15℃.

적외선열화상장치를 이용한 Buchanan plugger 표면의 온도상승 분석

최성아,김선호,황윤찬,윤창,오병주,최보영,정우남,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the temperature rise on various position of the Buchanan plugger, the peak temperature of plugger's type and the temperature change by its touching time of heat control spring. The heat carrier system 'System B' (Model 1005. Analytic Technologies, USA) and the Buchanan's pluggers of F, FM, M and ML sizes are used for this study. The temperature was set to 200℃ which Dr. Buchanan's "continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended on digital display and the power level on it was set to 10. In order to apply heat on the Buchanan's pluggers, the heat control spring was touched for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 seconds respectively. The temperature rise on the surface of the pluggers were measured at 0.5 mm intervals from tip to 20 mm length of shank using the infraed thermography (Radiation Thermometer-IR temper, NEC San-ei Instruments, Ltd, Japan) and TH31-702 Data capture software program (NEC San-ei Instruments, Ltd, Japan). Data were analyzed using a one way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test and linear regression test. The results as follows. 1. The position at which temperature peaked was approximately at 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm far from the tip of Buchanan's pluggers (p<0.001). The temperature was constantly decreased toward the shank from the tip of it(p<0.001). 2. When the pluggers were heated over 5 seconds, the peak temperature by time of measurement revealed from 253.3±10.5℃ to 192.1±3.3℃ in a touch for 1 sec, from 218.6±5.0℃ to 179.5±4.2℃ in a touch for 2 sec, from 197.5±3.0℃ to 167.6±3.7℃ in a touch for 3 sec, from 183.7±2.5℃ to 159.8±3.6℃ in a touch for 4 sec and from 164.9±2.0℃ to 158.4±1.8℃ in a touch for 5 sec. A touch for 1 sec showed the highest peak temperature, followed by, in descending order, 2 sec, 3 sec, 4 sec. A touch for 5 sec showed the lowest peak temperature (p<0.001). 3. A each type of pluggers showed different peak temperatures. The peak temperature was the highest in F type and followed by, in descending order, M type, ML type. FM type revealed the lowest peak temerature (p<0.001). The results of this study indicated that pluggers are designed to concentrate heat at around its tip, its actual temperature dose not correlate well with the temperature which Buchanan's "continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended, and finally a quick touch of heat control spring for 1 sec reveals the highest temperature rise.

조선시대 별전 문양의 디자인 의미에 관한 고찰

최영보 한밭대학교 2004 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.21 No.-

The charms of Chosun Dynasty were made for the purpose of checking the state of casting for legal coin "Sangpyung-tongbo" or to celebrate the happy events of royal family. Then they were owned preciously by the family of aristocratic class "yangban" as a mascot for decoration. The patterns casted in charms are characters, flowers and leaves, animals etc. and the meaning of them are the pray for long live, wealth, many sons etc., or the educational messages based on the Confucian ideas. This paper tries to classificate the charms according to their shapes and patterns, and analysis the symbolic images of pictorial patterns expressed in some selected charms in Chosun Dynasty. The patterns of charms showed in this paper can be used for basic data for modern designing.

Symbol Mark의 형태적 특성에 관한 연구

최영보 大田産業大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Generally the forms of symbol mar3s have a tendency of simplicity and geometric patterns, but that’s not absolute. They have more various characteristics of forms. The purpose of this study is groping a potentiality of modeling the new types of symbol marts. In this study, the various characteristics of symbol marks are classified through the examples, the tendency of symbol marks in Korea are reviewed, and finally the systematic methods for planning of forms are presented.

렙토스피라증의 진단에 있어 수동혈구응집반응법과 육안응집반응법의 정확도에 관한 연구

최보율,김영규,이수진,송재철,박항배 한양대학교 의과대학 1994 한양의대 학술지 Vol.14 No.2

Before 1984, Leptospirosis had been reported sporadically in middle inland of Korea as hemorrhagic pneumonia like disease, epidemic pulmonary hemorrhagic fever or epidemic pneumonitis since 1975. The epidemiologic characteristics of this disease were found out and the agent was isolated microbiologically after a large epidemic in 1984. Thereafter many consecutive studies for leptospirosis had been performed in the realm of epidemiology, microbiology and clinical field. But in order to appropriate control of Leptospirosis there are many problems such as organizing surveillance system for early diagnosis and treatment, identifying sero-group and serovar in each epidemic area and assessing vaccine efficacy. The objectives of this study was to find out easily applicable diagnostic methods to be used in a rural community surveillance system. Two diagnostic methods, passive hemagglutination(PHA) test and macroscopic agglutination test(maAT) were measured against their accuracies, sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of positive and negative. 301 sample sera from 270 human cases was collected through Leptospirossis surveillance system in a rural community during 1989-1992. Microscopic agglutination test(MAT) were used for confirmed diagnosis according to WHO guideline with 4 strains; Icterohemorrhagiae lai and Canicola canicola Hond Utrecht IV as standard strians and 6P-014-1 and YP-35-1 as strains isolated in Korea in 1986. The results are as follows. 1. 75(24.9%) among 301 sample sera and 49(18.1%) among 270 persons was serologically positive with MAT. 2. Agreement between PHA and MaAT was very low(k-coefficient≤0.252). 3. In PHA, specificity was very high(≥0.96) but sensitivity was very low(≤0.28). 4. In MaAT, specificity(≥0.73) was relatively lower than PHA but sensitivity (≥0.79) was significantly higher than PHA, especially false-positive rate case was absent in MAT's high antibody titer(above 1:640). It was concluded that MaAT method was a very useful diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of Leptospirosis in a rural community surveillance system, provided that confirmed diagnosis with MAT method be carried out in laboratory of medical school or research institute such as National Institute of Health or Provicial government Institute of Health and Environment.

강구조 인장접합부의 블록전단 파단시 전단지체 효과에 관한 연구 : H형강, CT형강, 단일 ㄱ형강 중심으로 focused on the H-shape, CT-shape, L-shape

최문식,김보영 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

To study on the shear lag effect in the block shear rupture of joints under tension force, in this report analyzed the research results on block shear rupture of H-shape. CT-shape and L-shape. When computing the block shear internal force in the joints under tension force, by comparing the block shear equations of the Limited State Design criteria. AISC(which do not include the shear lag) with Epstein's equations(which do), the results on the propriety of shear lag reduction coefficient are as follows. 1) Block shear equations of the LRFD(1993) of the AISC do not include the shear lag in the joints under tension force. In the study results, the professional factors of H-shape, CT-shape and L-shape are 1.07, 0.96 and 0.97. Therefore the results show that the block shear equations of the LRFD(1993) of the AISC are not appropriate. 2) In the LRFD(1993) of the AISC and the Limited State Design criteria, when real block shear rupture length and the smaller value of the two reduction coefficient are applied, CT-shape's and L-shape's professional factor is 1.04 and H-shape's is 1.17. Therefore, applying the reduction coefficient to the block shear equation under tension force is quite appropriate for the CT-shape and L-shape. For the H-shape, the results show that a little excessive but safe. 3) In the Adidam and Epstein's equation(1992), when real block shear rupture length and the larger value of the two reduction coefficient are applied, CT-shape's professional factor is 0.98, L-shape's is 1.03, and H-shape's is 1.07. Therefore, it is thought that applying the reduction coefficient is necessary in the block shear equation under tension force and it should be corrected when applying the U factor. 4) From the above results, when computing the block shear internal force, it is thought that reduction coefficient for the shear lag should be considered.

轉用을 위한 建築物 保存의 論理的 考察

최보령,신교영,송용호 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.1

This paper deals with the theoretical investigation-definitions, methods, values & criteria, motives and limits & problems-of preservation to adaptive use. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The definitions of preservation are record, symbolic, creative preservation, and its methods are restoration, rehabilitation & renovation, conservation, replication, relocation. 2) The values & criteria of preservation are archtectural, historical, economical value. 3) The motives of preservation are protection our legacy, ensurance variety in the urban fabric, economic, symbolic. 4) The problems of preservation concern the decision of limit and buildings to be preserved, the costs and benefits and the rights of owners & other critizens for preservation. 5) The countermeasers for preservation are demanded criteria for preservation, correct survay & analysis and the studies of development method, architectural engineering for preservation.

한국의 학교보건 향상을 위한 시안

최보율,김지미,신영전,남정현 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1997 精神健康硏究 Vol.16 No.-

가정보육시설과 기관보육시설의 질적 특성과 영아의 사회·정서 발달

최보가,문영경 대한가정학회 2004 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.42 No.1

The purposes of this study were to investigate the quality (structure and process) of home-based day care and center-based day care, and to examine socioemotional development among infants who were in both types of day care. The subjects of this study were 101 infants who were in home-based day care and 181 infants who were in center-based day care. The measurements were socio-emotional development scale and assessment scales for day care programs. Results indicated that, first, home-based day care did not significantly differ from center-based day care in terms of structure. Second, home-based day care were, to some degree, significantly different from center-based day care in the process: home-based day care had better play environment and play activities than did center-based day care. Lastly, there were significant differences in socio-emotional development among infants according to the type of day care: infants in home-based day care were more independent to their teacher and felt more secure in child care homes than was true for the infants in center-based day care.