교수-학습과정의 기호학적 탐구

이찬주,박범석 동국대학교 교육연구원 2005 교육문제연구 Vol.16 No.-

기호학적 입장에서의 의미 전달은 기호에 의한 의미의 교환이라 할 수 있다. 기호가 언어보다 폭넓은 인간 의식의 이해를 반영한다는 점에서, 인위적으로 설정된 상징체계 이외에 자연스러운 상황이나 이미지 자체도 하나의 기호적 의미의 범주로 해석될 수 있다. 교사와 학생의 가르치고 배우는 활동 역시 지식의 일방적인 전수가 아니라, 다양한 기호들이 상호소통함으로써 의미전달과 창출을 끊임없이 경험하는 해석적 활동이 된다. 교육활동 그 자체가 일종의 해석적 활동이기 때문에 이들 사이에 어떤 형태의 의미교환이 이루어지는가를 규명하기 위해서는 교수-학습의 기호적 역동관계를 이해하는 일이 선행되어야 한다. 따라서 교사와 학생 사이의 의미전달과 획득의 측면을 인간의 기호적 인식의 특성을 통해 밝히는 것은, 기존의 텍스트의 성격 이해를 중심으로한 해석적 연구에서 한 걸음 더 나아가 의미화 과정에서 일어나는 교육 주체들의 인식과정을 설명하는 하나의 계기가 될 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the meaning of teaching-learning process in the view of Semiology. In Semiology, education is the enlarging process of meaning between teacher and students in the classroom as a field of signs. It is the hermeneutics activities to student which learn from the teacher and the text. It means students don't take the meanings not just direct way but translating way as their own meaning structures. In the same way, we can say that even teachers don't convey the meaning to students. They translate the meanings for students representing their own understanding structures. It can be said that the teaching and learning process is the relationships of hermeneutic cycle. In Semiotic view points, educational texts is not just the tools of information transmission. We can recognize the educational texts is the dynamic products from the meaningful actions between the two educational agents. These kinds of Semiotic views can give the new visions to clarify the educational communication between teachers and students in the classroom.

비장경색이 동반된 쯔쯔가무시병 1예

오종찬,이범주,장재현,원경준,박경희,김동민,박치영,정춘해 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.1

Tsutsugamushi disease is an acute febrile illness caused by Orientie. tsutsugsmushi. It is characterized by fever, myalgia, lymphadenopathy, and rash. And it can be easily diagnosed by characteristic eschar and serologic testing. Nearly all of the patients with tsutsugamushi disease improve with antibiotics such as doxycycline. However, the fatality rate of untreated cases is seven to ten percent. Splenic infarction is not common disease which is caused by occlusion of the main splenic artery or any of its branches. It is mainly caused by emboli that arise from cardiovascular disease, but sometimes by regional thrombosis associated with leukemia, myeloproliferative disorder, sickle cell anemia, pancreatitis, splenic torsion and septicemia. We experienced one case of tsutsugamushi disease with splenic infarction, which was improved after doxycycline treatment finished.

한국 행정 모델 및 지식접근체계에 대한 연구

김승윤,전찬흔,이재범 서강대학교 경영학연구원 2003 서강경영논총 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구에서는 분류된 5가지 행정모델을 이용하여 현재 국내 행정모델의 특성을 추출하고, 아울러 행정모델의 전환에 대하여 논의하게 되며, 이를 통하여 한국 행정은 기계적 행정모델에서 네트워크 행정모델로의 이행 시점에 있음을 밝히고자 한다. 네트워크 행정모델 하에서는 지식, 정보, 자료, 멀티미디어 등을 통합한 개념인 컨텐츠가 다양하게 공유되는데, 이 중에서 공유 및 활용의 효과가 가장 큰 것이 지식이다. 네트워크 정부모델 하에서는 지식의 의존도가 그만큼 높아지게 된다. 따라서 지식을 효율적으로 이용하기 위한 방안으로 지식접근체계 개념을 도입하여 행정지식을 사용자 관점에서 분류하고, 이를 통하여 대면공유 전략과 지식재사용 전략의 상호 보완적인 활용이 가능함을 제시한다.

IMS 환경에서 다양한 서비스를 안정적으로 제공하기 위한 효율적인 장애관리 방안

김동일(Dong-il Kim),이정호(Jeong-ho Lee),김범준(Beom0joon Kim),황찬규(Chan-kyou Hwang),정병덕(Byung-deok Chung) 한국통신학회 2010 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.2

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 망간 신경독성을 이용한 파킨슨증 모델의 세포사 Studies on the Mechanism of Parkinsonism induced by Manganese

김종민,박창원,오정자,이보경,서경원,서수경,김규봉,김종원,김광진,김영옥,전범석,박찬웅,이선희 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

1960년대 이후 파킨슨병의 유발물질 중 한 후보로서 망간이 주목받으면서 많은 역학적, 병러학적 연구가 수행죄브다. 그러나 망간이 파킨슨병을 직접 일으키는지, 혹은 파킨슨병과 관련된 부위의 신경세포를 파괴시쿡 파킨슨증만을 초래하는 것인지가 아직 정립되지 않은 실정이다 본 연구에서는 실험동물모델에서 행등학적 변화 측정 및 병리학적, 샐화학적 연구를 통하여 망간의 과다노출글 따른 파킨슨병 유발 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. Sprague-Datylet· 렛드에 망간을 1, 2, 5, 10 mgAg/day의 응량으로 30일 등안 복강 투여하였을 때 모든 망간투여군에서 운동성 감소가 관찰되었다. 뇌조직의 망간 함량을 ion chromatograph?로 측정한 결과 중뇌 흑질과 기저핵 선조체에서 망간 함량의 뚜렷한 증가 소견이 관찰되었으며, 니슬염색체서 선조체의 신경세포수의 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었다. 그러나, 흑질의 TH효소 면역염색, GFAP 면역염색, 흑질과 선조체의 T릿효소 western blot 결과는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과에서, 망간-파킨슨증 모델에서 파킨슨증어 유발되는 기전은 흑질 도파민성 신경 세포의 신호를 받는 선조체 씬경세포의 사멸에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로, 망간 독성에 의한 파킨스증 모델에서는 파킨슨 병과는 달리 흑질 도파민성 신경세포의 세포사는 관여하지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. Manganese(Mn) intoxication causes a parkinsonian syndrome. It may be difficult to distinguish Mn-induced parkinsonism from idiopathic Parkinson disease(IPD). Neuropathological descriptions on the brains with Mn intoxication showed the perferential damage in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticularis. Pathological reports on the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc), a mafor focus of pathologic changes in IPD, are discordant and controversial. The SNpc involvement is of critical importance for the elucidation of pathogenesis of IPD. Therefore, the neurodegeneration in SNpc was investigated in the experimental model of Mn neurotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with manganese chloride(1, 2, 5, 10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 30 days. Treated animals showed low levels of distance-traveled from locomotor activity tests. Ion chromatography revealed that Mn accumulation was significant in SN and basal ganglia in Mn-treated animals. Nissl staining showed neuronal loss of the striatum in all treated animals. The degree of neurodegeneration in SN was determined by immunohistochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH). The numbers of TH-positive cells on nigral sections were not different from each groups(P>0.05). The densities of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity from SN were similar between groups. TH-westen blotting showed no differences between treated animals and controls. In conclusion, the SNpc remains intact in Mn intoxication, and Mn-induced parkinsonism may be caused by damages of output pathways downstream to the nigrostriatal dopminergic system.

Morphometric Study of the Lumbar Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Lee, Sang Beom,Chang, Jae Chil,Lee, Gwang Soo,Hwang, Jae Chan,Bae, Hack Gun,Doh, Jae Won The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2018 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.61 No.1

Objective : Morphometric data for the lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) was investigated to identify whether there is a difference in the morphometry of the PLL of the lumbar spine at each level with respect to the pattern of intervertebral disc displacement. Methods : In 14 formalin-fixed adult cadavers (12 males and 2 females), from L1 to L5, the authors measured the width and height of the PLL and compared them with other landmarks such as the disc and the pedicle. Results : Horizontally, at the upper margin of the disc, the central portion of the superficial PLL covered 17.8-36.9% of the disc width and the fan-like portion of the PLL covered 63.9-76.7% of the disc width. At the level of the median portion of the disc, the PLL covered 69.1-74.5% of the disc width. Vertically, at the level of the medial margin of the pedicle, the fan-like portion of the PLL covered 23.5-29.9% of the disc height. In general, a significant difference in length was not found in the right-left and male-female comparisons. Conclusion : This study presents the morphometric data on the pattern of intervertebral disc displacement and helps to improve the knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the lumbar PLL.

The Effects of Cell Phone based Vibrotactile Biofeedback Training to Improve Biomechanics of Balance and Posture

( Beom Chan Lee ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Approximately 69 million Americans experience some form of balance disorder. Individuals suffering a balance problem are typically getting balance therapy under the supervision of a physical therapist. However, many balance-impaired individuals cannot participate in the ideal number of clinical balance training sessions due to the cost of physical therapy and the limited availability of physical therapists. Therefore, there is a growing body of work addressing how to augment native channels of information to facilitate postural adjustments with sensory augmentation technology. Sensory augmentation is a technique of reinforcing or replacing compromised sensory information through the external cues and can be typically achieved by sensory modalities such as visual, auditory, and tactile (i.e., sense of touch). Tactile biofeedback for sensory augmentation has the advantage over other sensory modalities because it occurs unobtrusively, under clothing, and without interfering with important visual and auditory information. We have designed and developed a cell phone based vibrotactile feedback system for potential use in balance rehabilitation training in clinical and home environments. It comprises an iPhone with an embedded tri-axial linear accelerometer, custom software to estimate body tilt, a "tactor bud" accessory that plugs into the headphone jack to provide vibrotactile cues of body tilt, and a battery. Young healthy subjects and individuals with vestibular deficits participated in a proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effectiveness of the system. The results have shown that both healthy subjects and those with vestibular deficits significantly reduced their trunk sway, had significantly smaller elliptical area fits to their sway trajectory, spent a significantly greater mean percentage time within the no feedback zone, and showed a significantly gre ater mean power frequency when vibrotactile biofeedback was available. Our major findings suggest that the cell phone based system incorporating with vibrotactile feedback can be effectively used to improve balance performance in individuals with balance deficits. In addition, the proposed system has potential for broad accessibility that can be used as a balance training tool that can assist patients with therapist-assigned balance exercises, or in an environment where access to balance therapy is limited.

Possibility of Decreasing Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Korea

Lee Minkyeong,Park Wan Beom,Kim Eu Suk,Kim Yeonjae,Park Sang-Won,Lee Eunyoung,Oh Myoung-don,Kim Nam Joong,Kim Hong Bin,Song Kyoung-Ho,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Kang Chang Kyung,Lee Chan Mi,Choi Yunsang,Moon So 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.4

Background: The number of newly diagnosed cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Korea, which had increased until 2019, has markedly decreased since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic started. This study evaluated whether the decrease is due to a reduction in the incidence of HIV infection and/or delayed diagnosis during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 587 newly diagnosed patients with HIV infection between February 2018 and January 2022 from four general hospitals, and their characteristics were compared between the prepandemic and pandemic periods. The lapse time from infection to diagnosis was estimated using an HIV modeling tool. Results: The estimated mean times to diagnosis were 5.68 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.45 - 6.51 years) and 5.41 years (95% CI: 4.09 - 7.03 years) before and during the pandemic, respectively (P = 0.016). The proportion of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illnesses, expected to visit hospitals regardless of the pandemic, decreased from 17.2% before the pandemic to 11.9% during the pandemic (P = 0.086). Conclusion: The decrease in the number of newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection in Korea might have resulted from an actual decrease in the incidence of HIV infection rather than a worsening of underdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis.

Breakthrough COVID-19 Infection During the Delta Variant Dominant Period: Individualized Care Based on Vaccination Status Is Needed

Lee Chan Mi,Lee Eunyoung,Park Wan Beom,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Song Kyoung-Ho,Kim Eu Suk,Park Sang-Won 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.32

Background: The clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the COVID-19 vaccination era need to be clarified because breakthrough infection after vaccination is not uncommon. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed hospitalized COVID-19 patients during a delta variantdominant period 6 months after the national COVID-19 vaccination rollout. The clinical characteristics and risk factors for severe progression were assessed and subclassified according to vaccination status. Results: A total of 438 COVID-19 patients were included; the numbers of patients in the unvaccinated, partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated groups were 188 (42.9%), 117 (26.7%) and 133 (30.4%), respectively. The vaccinated group was older, less symptomatic and had a higher Charlson comorbidity index at presentation. The proportions of patients who experienced severe progression in the unvaccinated and fully vaccinated groups were 20.3% (31/153) and 10.8% (13/120), respectively. Older age, diabetes mellitus, solid cancer, elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and chest X-ray abnormalities were associated with severe progression, and the vaccination at least once was the only protective factor for severe progression. Chest X-ray abnormalities at presentation were the only predictor for severe progression among fully vaccinated patients. Conclusion: In the hospitalized setting, vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 patients showed different clinical features and risk of oxygen demand despite a relatively high proportion of patients in the two groups. Vaccination needs to be assessed as an initial checkpoint, and chest X-ray may be helpful for predicting severe progression in vaccinated patients.

The risk factors of early recurrence and liver metastasis after curative resection for Ampullary cancer

Beom-Hui LEE,Sung-Su YUN,Chan Woo CHO,Dong-Shik LEE 대한외과학회 2019 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2019 No.10