Genetic diversity of the VP7, VP4 and VP6 genes of Korean porcine group C rotaviruses

Jeong, Y.J.,Matthijnssens, J.,Kim, D.S.,Kim, J.Y.,Alfajaro, M.M.,Park, J.G.,Hosmillo, M.,Son, K.Y.,Soliman, M.,Baek, Y.B.,Kwon, J.,Choi, J.S.,Kang, M.I.,Cho, K.O. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2015 Veterinary microbiology Vol.176 No.1

Porcine group C rotaviruses (RVCs) are considered important pathogens due to their economic impact on pig industry and may also cross the host species barrier toward humans. Unlike RVA, however, genetic and phylogenetic data on RVCs from pigs and other host species are scarce. In the present study, full-length ORF sequences of 26 VP7, 9 VP4 and 9 VP6 genes of Korean porcine RVC strains were compared with those of other known RVC strains by phylogenetic analyses and pairwise identity frequency graphs. Applying the established 85% nucleotide identity cut-off value for RVC VP7 classification, the 26 Korean porcine RVC strains belonged to the G1, G3, G6 and G7 genotypes. Although more complete RVC VP4 sequences are warranted before a definitive cut-off value could be determined, a provisional 83% nucleotide cut-off value proposed for RVC VP4 classification resulted in 7 P-genotypes, 5 of which possessed porcine RVC strains. A 90% nucleotide cut-off value for VP6 divided RVC strains into 7 I-genotypes, 5 of which had porcine RVC strains. G/P/I-genotype comparisons suggested the occurrence of rather frequent reassortment events among Korean porcine RVC strains, and strong geographical differences in the distribution of RVC G-genotypes worldwide. Our data indicate that a large genetic diversity exists among porcine RVC strains. For the final genotype determination of each gene segment, more intensified epidemiological studies on animal and human RVC strains throughout the world are needed.

Radotinib inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation via induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and CDK inhibitors

Heo, S.K.,Noh, E.K.,Gwon, G.D.,Kim, J.Y.,Jo, J.C.,Choi, Y.,Koh, S.,Baek, J.H.,Min, Y.J.,Kim, H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 european journal of pharmacology Vol.789 No.-

<P>Radotinib is a BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the second-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. However, effects of radotinib on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unclear. In the present study, we observed that radotinib exerted cytotoxic effects on AML cells. Of the various AML cell lines examined (NB4, HL60, HEL 92.1.7, and THP-1), Kasumi-1 was the most sensitive to radotinib. Results of microarray analysis showed that 417 and 595 genes associated with apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, respectively, were differently expressed (i.e., showed > 2-fold difference in expression). Radotinib-induced apoptosis involved the mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, radotinib increased the apoptosis of and induced caspase-3 activity in both Kasumi-1 cells and bone marrow cells (BMCs) obtained from patients with AML. Radotinib also increased cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9 levels and decreased the number of proliferating Kasumi-1 cells and BMCs from patients with AML. In addition, radotinib induced G(0)/G(1) phase arrest by inducing CDKIs p21 and p27 and by inhibiting CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6. These results indicate that radotinib induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and G(0)/G(1) phase arrest in AML cells by regulating CDKI-CDIC-cyclin cascade. Moreover, these results indicate that radotinib inhibits AML cell proliferation by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and CDKIs p21 and p27. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that radotinib can be potentially used for the anti-leukemic therapy of patients with AML. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

염분 수준이 육계 병아리의 생산성과 생리적인 변화에 미치는 영향

황보종,홍의철,이병석,이현정,조성백,배해득,이성재,노환국,HwangBo J.,Hong E.C.,Lee B.S.,Lee H.J.,Jo Seong-Baek,Bae H.D.,Lee S.J.,Nho W.G. 한국가금학회 2006 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 사료와 음수에 함유된 염분 수준이 육계 초기 병아리에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 1일령 초생추(Hubbard)를 공시하여 14일 동안 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 1에서, 사료내 염분 함량은 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0%로 조절하여 8처리구 처리구당 3반복, 반복당 12수씩 총 288수에 급여하였고, 시험 2에서, 음수내 염분 함 량은 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0%로 조절하여 5처리구 처리구당 3반복, 반복당 12수씩 총 180수에 공급하였다. 시험 1의 경우에, 사료 섭취량과 증체량은 사료내 염분 함량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향이었다. 특히 4% 처리구에서 각각 481 g과 168 g으로 가장 낮았으며, 폐사율은 75%로 가장 높았다. 시험 2의 경우에는, 음수 1% 처리구에서 사료 섭취량과 증체량은 각각 427 g과 162 g이었고, 폐사율은 77.8%로 가장 높았다. 염 중독 증상을 나타낸 닭들은 갈증, 식욕부진, 기립불능, 졸림, 경련 등을 나타내었고, 부검 소견에서는 복수증, 심낭수종, 심비대, 각종 장기의 출혈 등이 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 육계 초기에서 사료내 염분 함량이 3%, 음수내 염분 함량은 1% 이상에서 뚜렷한 생산성의 저하는 물론 생리 해부학적인 염분중독 증상이 나타남을 알 수 있다. To investigate the effects of salt contents in diet and water on the growth of broiler chicks, 288 heads of Hubbards strain chicks, were fed with com-soybean meal diets containing 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0% salt from 1d to l4d posthatching. And 180 chicks were also supplemented with salt to their water at 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 or 1.0%. Feed intake and weight gain tended to decrease as the salt levels in diets increased and those were the lowest in 4% group as 481 g and 168 g, however, mortality was the highest in 4% group as 75.0%. As for the salt levels in water, feed intake and weight gain were low as 427 g and 162 g in 1% group, while mortality was 77.8%. Salt poisoning chicks were shown with thirsty, appetite deficiency, rising impossibility, sleepiness, or convulsions, and in autopsy, were shown with ascites, hydropericardium, cardiac hypertrophy, hemorrhage of eyelid, hemorrhage of trachea, hemorrhage of intestine, etc. Conclusively, salt content above 4% in diet or 1% in water could reduce the performance in broiler chicks.

FEM, BEM 해석을 이용한 청소기 모토의 소음/진동에 관한 연구

김동규,백종진,송재민,김민우,정동월,김형주 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2006 機械技術硏究 Vol.9 No.1

The noise level of Vacuum Cleaner Motors is becoming more important to the manufacturer and the user of the product. Invariably, the motor is a significant contributor to the overall noise level. Especially a major portion of the noise radiated by the vibration of the motor cap. This paper presents an approach to relate the dynamic characteristics of the motor cap with the noise radiation properties and the methods of redesigning the motor cap to reduce the noise radiation. To relate the dynamic characteristics of the motor cap with the noise radiation properties, the vibration and radiated sound were measured with the running motor. Based on the results of these tests correlations between the motor cap vibration characteristics and the noise radiation properties are identified It was found that the vibration on the motor cap and the noise radiated from the Vacuum Cleaner Motors were strongly correlated in certain frequency bands.

청예사료작물과 볏짚 위주의 완전배합발효사료 급여가 Holstein 착유우의 생산성에 미치는 영향

이현준,김현섭,기광석,정하연,백광수,김준식,조광근,조재순,이홍구,우정희,최윤재 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.1

본 연구는 6종류의 완전배합발효사료(Total mixed fermentation feed: TMFF)의 착유우에 대한 영양적 가치를 구명하고자 수행되었다. 옥수수, 혼합목초, 호맥, 유채, 알팔파 및 연맥의 6종의 사료작물 청예가 수확되었고, 볏짚과 밀기울이 배합되었으며, 옥수수와 콩알곡을 배합하였다. 그리고 각각의 배합물들은 40톤 규모의 트렌치 사일로에 진압·저장하였으며, 성분분석과 젖소 급여시험을 위해 최소 60일 이상 경과 후에 개봉하였다. TMFF의 평균 건물 함량은 23.98∼28.42%범위였으며, 조단백질 함량은 16.2∼19.2%이었고, 가소화영양소총량(TDN)은 58.3∼65.1% 수준이었다. ADF 함량은 34.4∼39.6% 범위에서, NDF 함량은 46.9∼49.9% 범위를 나타내어 상대적사료가치(RFV)는 유채-, 알팔파-, 혼합목초-, 연맥-, 옥수수-, 호맥-TMFF에서 각각 138.6, 133.9, 116.5, 111.8, 111.4, 108.1으로 나타나, 호맥-TMFF의 것이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타내었다(P<0.05). 건물손실율은 0.8∼1.9% 범위로서 모든 TMFF에서 양호한 발효와 보관상태를 나타내었으며, pH는 전체적으로 3.89∼4.87이었으며, 암모니아태질소(NH_3-N) 함량은 6.93∼8.66 ㎎/㎗이었다. 그리고 TMFF원물내의 휘발성지방산 함량 중 초산 함량은 0.19∼0.57% 낮은 함량을 나타내었고, 젖산 함량은 1.17∼3.21%으로 매우 높게 나타내었으며, 부틸산 함량은 0.03∼0.32%로서 매우 낮게 나타나 TMFF의 품질이 양호한 것으로 나타내었다. 그리고 발효가 완료된 TMFF를 평균 착유일수 240일, 2.4산차, 44.3개월령, 일일산유량 21.2㎏, 체중 574.6㎏, 체충실지수(BCS) 3.2인 42두에 무제한으로 급여하여 총 60일간의 섭취량 조사와 월별 체중 및 BCS를 조사한 결과, 초종별 TMFF의 평균 일일 총 섭취량은 알팔파-, 혼합목초-, 유채-, 옥수수-, 연맥-, 호맥-TMFF구에서 62.85, 60.48, 58.04, 57.11, 54.61, 45.74㎏의 순서로 각각 높게 나타내어 전체적으로 기호성이 우수한 것으로 나타내었으며, 호맥-TMFF구의 기호성이 가장 낮게 나타내었다(P<0.05). 이때 젖소의 체중에 대한 TMFF의 건물섭취율은 1.95∼2.90%로서 모든 TMFF의 기호성이 매우 우수한 것을 알 수 있었다. TMFF의 급여시험기간 중의 체중변화와 체충실지수(BCS)에 있어서 시험기간 60일 동안 모든 공시축에서 체중증가가 있었으며, 기간의 평균 두당 일당증체량은 140.0∼326.7g으로서 기호성이 가장 좋았던 알팔파-TMFF구에서 역시 가장 높은 증체를 보였으며, 기호성이 가장 낮았던 호맥-TMFF구에서 가장 낮은 증체를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 신체충실지수의 변화에 있어서는 혼합목초-TMFF구가 개시시의 3.07에서 3.34로 가장 크게 증가하였고, 호맥-TMFF구에서 3.34에서 3.30으로 약간 감소하여 나타냄으로서 증체량과 신체충실지수와는 비슷한 경향을 보였으나 일치하지는 않은 것으로 나타내었다(P<0.05). 그리고 평균 두당 우유생산성은 알팔파-, 연맥-, 혼합목초-, 옥수수-, 유채-, 호맥-TMFF구의 순서로 일일평균 16.16∼18.95 ㎏ 범위에서 시험구간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며(P<0.05), 일일 산유량의 변화에 있어서는 시험 개시시의 평균 21.2㎏에서 60일 후 시험 종료시에 모든 시험구에서 5㎏ 정도 감소하여 나타내었는데, 이는 시험종료시는 대부분의 시험축의 착유일수가 300일 이상의 비유말기에 이르렀기 때문으로 사료된다. 우유의 성분 함량에 있어서 시험기간 중 평균지방 함량은 전체적으로 4.06∼4.79% 범위에서 매우 높은 유지방 함량을 나타내어 유채-, 혼합목초-, 옥수수-, 알팔파-, 호맥-, 연맥-TMFF구의 순서로 높았으며, 단백질 함량은 3.15∼3.54% 범위에서 혼합목초-, 옥수수-, 유채-, 호맥-, 연맥-, 알팔파-TMFF구의 순서로 높게 나타내었다. 또한, 유당 함량에 있어서는 전체 평균이 4.56% 내외로서 서로 비슷한 함량을 나타내었으며, 무지고형분량과 총 고형분함량에 있어서도 전체 평균이 8.75%와 12.8% 내외로 시험구간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타내었는데, TMFF 급여에 의해 우유중 성분 함량에 있어서 어떠한 경향을 찾을 수 없었다. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the value of total mixed fermentation feeds(TMFF) as completely mixed ration and to observe the effect of various kinds of TMFF on the palatability. feed intake, and milk performance in Holstein cows. The dry matter (DM) content of TMFF used in the experiment was 23.98~28.42% range. and CP. TDN. ADF and NDF were 16.2~19.2%, 58.3~65.1%, 34.4~39.6% and 46.9~49.9% levels, respectively. The relative feed value (RFV) in rape-, alfalfa-, grass-, oat-, corn-TMFF groups were 138.6, 133.9, 116.5, 111.8, 111.4 and 108.1, respectively. Among theses groups RFV of rye-TMFF group was lowest. Dry matter disappearance(DMD) showed 0.8~1.9% to the all kinds of TMFF groups. The pH was 3.89~4.87 and NH_3-N concentration was 6.93~8.66㎎/㎗. The acetic acid concentration in the raw material of TMFF showed low level of 0.19~0.57% lactic acid showed high level of 1.17~3.21% and butyric acid was very high as 0.03~0.32% Therefore. These results provide evidence that the quality of TMFF was not so bad. In the daily fresh matter intake on the alfalfa-, grass-, rape-, corn-, oats- and rye-TMFF were showed 62.85, 60.48, 58.04, 57.11, 54.61 and 45.74 ㎏ respectively. All TMFF showed high palatability as daily dry matter intake of 1.95 to 2.90% by body weight of experimental cows. Body condition score(BCS) was gradually increased in during 60 days of the experiment term. Average daily gain(ADG) showed about 140.0~326.7g. In alfalfa-TMFF group, the ADG was higher than in the other groups (P<0.05). Also, the increase in BCS was observed in grass-TMFF group (3.07 to 3.34) and rye-TMFF group was decreased in 3.07 to 3.34 (P<0.05). The milk yield appropriately showed a range of 16.16~18.95 ㎏ in all groups. Among these groups. alfalfa-TMFF group was highest(P<0.05). Average milk fat contents showed high levels of 4.06~4.79% and the level was high in order of rape-, grass-, corn-, alfalfa-, rye- and oats-TMFF. Milk protein was highest in forage-TMFF and level of lactose in milk was approximately 4.56% in overall groups. Solid non fat(SNF) and total solid(TS) contents were 8.75% and 12.8% respectively. However, milk composition was not significantly affected by TMFF.

Activation of nuclear PTEN by inhibition of Notch signaling induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer

Kim, S-J,Lee, H-W,Baek, J-H,Cho, Y-H,Kang, H G,Jeong, J S,Song, J,Park, H-S,Chun, K-H Macmillan Publishers Limited 2016 Oncogene Vol.35 No.2

<P>Mutation in PTEN has not yet been detected, but its function as a tumor suppressor is inactivated in many cancers. In this study we determined that, activated Notch signaling disables PTEN by phosphorylation and thereby contributes to gastric tumorigenesis. Notch inhibition by small interfering RNA or.-secretase inhibitor (GSI) induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Notch inhibition induced dephosphorylation in the C-terminal domain of PTEN, which led to PTEN nuclear localization. Overexpression of activated Notch1-induced phosphorylation of PTEN and reversed GSI-induced mitotic arrest. Dephosphorylated nuclear PTEN caused prometaphase arrest by interaction with the cyclin B1-CDK1 complex, resulting in their accumulation in the nucleus and subsequent apoptosis. We found a correlation between high expression levels of Notch1 and low survival rates and, similarly, between reduced nuclear PTEN expression and increasing the TNM classification of malignant tumours stages in malignant tissues from gastric cancer patients. The growth of Notch1-depleted gastric tumors was significantly retarded in xenografted mice, and in addition, PTEN deletion restored growth similar to control tumors. We also demonstrated that combination treatment with GSI and chemotherapeutic agents significantly reduced the orthotopically transplanted gastric tumors in mice without noticeable toxicity. Overall, our findings suggest that inhibition of Notch signaling can be employed as a PTEN activator, making it a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.</P>

Porous carbon-coated silica macroparticles as anode materials for lithium ion batteries: Effect of boric acid

Kim, Y.K.,Moon, J.W.,Lee, J.G.,Baek, Y.K.,Hong, S.H. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 Journal of Power Sources Vol.272 No.-

We report carbon-coated porous silica macroparticles (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ) prepared using polymeric templates and subsequent carbonization with sucrose for improved electrochemical energy storage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In addition, boron is introduced to improve the stability of electrochemical cells by pyrolyzing mixtures of sucrose and boric acid (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B) under inert atmosphere. The initially large surface area of porous SiO<SUB>2</SUB> (S<SUB>BET</SUB> ~ 658 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>-1</SUP>) is reduced to 102 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>-1</SUP> after carbonization and introduction of boric acid. Surface of both SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ and SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B are covered with amorphous carbon. In particular, SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B particles containing borosilicate (Si-O-B) phase and B-O bondings and Si-C-O bondings are also detected from the X-ray photoelectron spectra. The SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B macroparticles shows high reversible charge capacity up to 503 mAh g<SUP>-1</SUP> after 103 cycles of Li intercalation/de-intercalation although initial capacity was 200 mAh g<SUP>-1</SUP>. The improved charge capacity of SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B is attributed to formation of advantageous microstructures induced from boric acid.

도시와 농촌 노인의 골다공증 지식, 자기효능감과 예방적 건강증진행위 비교 연구

심미정,백지원,박연정,민가희,김윤아,유지영,윤수현,강지원,강슬기 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2015 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.49

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteoporosis knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive health promoting behaviors of the elderly who reside in urban and rural areas. Methods: Convenience sampling was used (urban elderly=127, rural elderly=112). The Osteoporosis Quiz, Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy scale, and Health Promotion Inventory for the Prevention of Osteoporosis were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using chi-square, t-tests, two-way ANOVAs, and multiple linear regression. Results: Elders residing in rural areas had significantly less knowledge of osteoporosis (t=-4.884, p<.001), self-efficacy (t=-6.153, p<.001), and preventive health-promoting behaviors (t=-5.710, p<.001). Multiple-regression analysis showed osteoporosis self-efficacy (p=.002) and chronic disease (p=.027) were significant predictors of preventive health-promoting behaviors for elders in urban areas. In rural areas, osteoporosis knowledge (p=.002), osteoporosis self-efficacy (p<.001), and regular medical examinations (p=.014) were significant predictors of preventive health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion: Promoting osteoporosis knowledge and self-efficacy may be significant in improving preventive health-promoting behaviors. Also, nursing interventions suitable for rural elders should be developed to increase their level of preventive health-promoting behaviors.

남녀 고등학생의 자궁경부암, HPV 및 HPV 예방 백신에 대한 지식 정도

남영선,류수진,백송,송가람,이윤진,정혜진,최지은,JINGUOHUA 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2012 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.46

Purpose: This research is to determine the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer, Human Papillomavirus(HPV), HPV vaccination of boy and girl high school students in Republic of Korea, and aimed to provide a basis of the education and policies which are for the reduction of HPV infection risks. Methods: The research subjects consisted of 132 boy students and 142 girl students. The data were collected using self-reported questionnaires composed of 10 questions about cervical cancer, 10 questions about HPV, and 5 questions about HPV vaccination. The collected data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA by using SPSS version 19.0. Results: As a result, the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccination of the research subjects was very low, and each average was 4.47±2.98, 2.79±2.91, and 1.20±1.46 points. There were statistically significant differences in the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV vaccination depending on the research subjects’ sex (p<0.01), school types (p<0.05), majors (p<0.05), whether they had heard about cervical cancer or not (p<0.01). Conclusion: Concrete educational programs about cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV vaccination for high school students should be developed considering the students’ sex, school types, and majors.

BLDC 모터의 자극위치 검출 보상기를 이용한 PV 양수 시스템

백승길,조정민,이승환,김성남,오봉환,이훈구,한경희 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.21 No.-

This paper shows how to design a Global control using Field Orientation, avoiding to use the DC/DC converter, and finding the relationships among the DC magnitudes and AC ones. And this paper deals with water pumping system which economic and durable storage systems for sustained production of power and propose MPPT methods using iqs of BLDC motor without battery module and chopper circuit.