自治需要의 特性과 地方行政組織의 改編方向의 摸索

주정연,추교완,박기동,김정계,하종근,박일근,강정운,김현태,鄭載旭 昌原大學校 社會科學硏究所 1995 사회과학연구 Vol.2 No.-

종가시나무의 수간곡선형 도출 및 탄소흡수량 추정

배은지,주정운,정재엽,윤준혁,노혜정,박준형,손영모 경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2023 농업생명과학연구 Vol.57 No.5

본 연구는 난대상록수종인 종가시나무에 대한 수간곡선식의 도출과 재적표의 작성 및 탄소배출계수를 이용하여 탄소저장, 흡수량을 추정하고자수행하였다. 분석에 사용된 공시목은 전남, 경남, 제주 등에서 수집된 468본이며, 수간형태를 도출하기 위하여 적용한 수간곡선 모형은 Kozak모델이다. 이 모델의 적합도는 0.9452, 편의는 0.0807, 추정치 표준오차의 백분율은 1.7145, 평균절대편차는 1.2655로 각각 나타났다. 종가시나무의개체목 재적은 Kozak 수간곡선 모델에 Smalian 재적식을 적용시켜 산출하였으며, 수고와 흉고직경급별로 재적표를 작성하였다. 그리고 붉가시나무재적표와 이번에 만든 종가시나무 재적표를 서로 비교한 결과(t-test), 통계적으로 두 집단 간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이들 재적표는두 수종 중 하나만 이용하거나, 둘을 하나로 통합하여도 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다. 한편 종가시나무림의 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 산림바이오소재연구소 시험림의 조사구를 대상으로 하였다. 이들 조사구를 대상으로 탄소저장 및 흡수량을 계산한 결과, 생육상태가 양호한 시험구(A)에서 탄소저장량은 93.17 C ton/ha, 그리고 탄소흡수량은 13.14 CO2 ton/ha/yr 인 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 생육이 저조한 시험구(B)의 탄소 저장 및 흡수량은양호한 시험구보다 약 1/3 정도 낮게 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to derive the tree stem curve equation for Quercus glauca, a warm temperate evergreen species, toprepare the stem volume table using it and to estimate the carbon storage and absorption using the carbon emission factors. The numberof individual trees used in the analysis was 468 trees, which were collected from Jeonnam-do, Gyeongnam-do and Jeju-do. The stemtaper model applied to derive stem curve pattern was Kozak model. This model showed fitness index of 0.9452, residual bias of 0.0807,percentage of estimated standard error of 1.7145, and mean absolute deviation of 1.2655, respectively. The individual stem volume wascalculated by applying the Smalian volume equation to the Kozak taper model, and the stem volume table was prepared by each heightand diameter at breast height (DBH). As a t-test result of comparing the stem volume tables of Quercus acuta and Quercus glauca,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, it is judged that there will be no problem even ifonly one of the two volume tables is used or the two tables are integrated into one. On the other hand, the carbon storage and absorptionof the Quercus glauca stand was carried out in the experimental forest of the Forest Biomaterial Research Institute, National Institute of Forest Science (NIFoS). As a result of calculating the amount of carbon storage and absorption in these experimental plots, it wasfound that the carbon storage was 93.17 C ton/ha and the carbon absorption was 13.14 CO2 ton/ha/yr in the test group (A) with goodgrowth. On the other hand, the amount of carbon storage and absorption in the poor growth plot (B) was about 1/3 lower than thatof the good growth plot (A)

왕대 (phyllostachys bambusoides)에서 글리포세이트이소프로필아민 주간주입에 의한 살초효과

정재엽,주정운,이상명,정명학,이동운 한국잔디학회 2023 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.12 No.3

대나무는 다양한 용도를 가지고 있는 임산물 자원이다. 그러나 임야의 죽림이 경작지로 유입되어 확산되면서 방제의 필요성이 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 경작지로 확산되는 대나무의 방제를 위하여 글리포세이트이소프로필아민 액제의 주간 주입효과를 왕대림에서 조사하였다. 봄철 처리보다 가을철 처리 효과가 높았으며 대나무를 벌채하지 않은 상태로 글리포세이트이소프로필아민 액제원액을 주간 주입하는 것이 효과적이었다. 전체 대나무에 대해 주간주입 처리를 하지 않아도 지하경으로 연결되어 있는 주변의 대나무들이 고사되었다. 주간주입 처리구와 1~3 m 거리에 떨어진 곳의 죽순도 피해를 받았으며 고사되는 성죽도 발생하였다. 따라서 왕대의 침입이 진행되는 경작지에서는 경작지 주변으로 1~2 m 폭으로 글리포세이트이소프로필아민 액제 원액이나 10배 희석액을 대나무 지제부에 천공 후 직접 주입하는 방법으로 방제가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. Bamboo is a forest resource with many uses. However, the need to control its invasive potential is emerging as the plant continues to invade the cultivated land and spread due to its aggressive characteristics. This study investigated the effectiveness of shoot injection of glyphosate isopropylamine soluble concentrate in controlling bamboo from spreading to cultivated land in the Phyllostachys bambusoides forest. The results showed that treatment in autumn was significantly more effective than in spring. In general, shoot injection of glyphosate isopropylamine stock solution without necessarily cutting the bamboo was effective. Notably, even when the whole bamboo was not treated with shoot injection, the surrounding bamboo stands connected by the subterranean stem progressively withered and subsequently died out. The bamboo shoots at a distance of 1-3 m from the shoot injection treatment area were also damaged, and dead bamboo stands were evident. Therefore, in cultivated land where bamboo invasion is in progress, it is believed that control is possible by drilling into the bamboo stem and directly injecting undiluted or 10 times the glyphosate isopropylamine solution 1 to 2 m wide around the farmland.

대나무에서 글리포세이트이소프로필아민 주간주입 약량과 처리부위에 따른 살초효과

정재엽,주정운,배은지,이상명,정영학,이동운 한국잔디학회 2023 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.12 No.4

Bamboo is one of the most useful forest resources. However, management is necessary to prevent the encroachment of bamboo in farms and house lots. In this study, the herbicidal effect of glyphosate isopropylamine on Phyllostachys bambusoides and Phyllostachys pubescens was investigated according to its dosage and injection location required control the enchroachment of bamboo. The herbicidal effect according to the treatment dosage was lower for P. pubescens bamboo, which had a large average diameter, compared to P. bambusoides, which had a small average diameter. Injection of 10 mL of glyphosate isopropylamine inhibited the growth of P. bambusoides trees and shoots. In P. pubescens, the herbicidal effect was superior when using ≥15 mL per tree compared to ≤ 10 mL pr tree. Concerning the shoot injection location of glyphosate isopropylamine, treatments below 50 cm in height in P. bambusoides had a potent herbicidal effect. In P. pubescens, treatments below a height of 1 m showed the same herbicidal effect. Injecting a fixed volume into several bamboo plants resulted in better control than injecting a large volume into a single tree. When 10 mL of glyphosate isopropylamine was injected into bamboo within a 2 m width of the outbreak tip area in a P. bambusoides forest, the diffusion inhibition effect was 93.3%. In areas where bamboo cover has been expanding, the target area should be treated with 10–15 mL of glyphosate isopropylamine solution per bamboo tree at <50 cm height and 2 m width.

용융탄산염 연료전지 Anode부 집전판의 부식특성

한원규,주정운,신정철,강성군,전중환,임희천,Han, Won-Kyu,Ju, Jeong-Woon,Shin, Jung-Cheol,Kang, Sung-Goon,Jun, Joong-Hwan,Lim, Hee-Chun 한국재료학회 2008 한국재료학회지 Vol.18 No.5

The corrosion and degradation factors of a current collector in a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) were investigated to determine the optimized coating thickness of nickel on STS316L. The results show that the surface morphology and electrical properties depended on the nickel coating thickness. The surface morphology gradually changed from a flat to a porous structure along as the nickel coating thickness decreased, and the electrical resistance of the nickel-coated STS316L increased as the nickel coating thickness decreased. This can be attributed to the diffusion of elements of Fe and Cr from the substrate through the nickel grain boundaries. Additionally, carburization in the metal grains or grain boundaries in an anodic environment was found to influence the electrical properties due to matrix distortion. The resistance of Cr-oxide layers formed in an anodic environment causes a drop in the potential, resulting in a decrease in the system efficiency.

무전해 코발트 코팅된 금속계 SOFC분리판의 제조 및 특성 평가

한원규,주정운,황길호,서현석,신정철,전재호,강성군,Han, Won-Kyu,Ju, Jeong-Woon,Hwang, Gil-Ho,Seo, Hyun-Seok,Shin, Jung-Chul,Jun, Jae-Ho,Kang, Sung-Goon 한국재료학회 2010 한국재료학회지 Vol.20 No.7

For this paper, we investigated the area specific resistance (ASR) of commercially available ferritic stainless steels with different chemical compositions for use as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) interconnect. After 430h of oxidation, the STS446M alloy demonstrated excellent oxidation resistance and low ASR, of approximately 40 $m{\Omega}cm^2$, of the thermally grown oxide scale, compared to those of other stainless steels. The reason for the low ASR is that the contact resistance between the Pt paste and the oxide scale is reduced due to the plate-like shape of the $Cr_2O_3$(s). However, the acceptable ASR level is considered to be below 100 $m{\Omega}cm^2$ after 40,000 h of use. To further improve the electrical conductivity of the thermally grown oxide on stainless steels, the Co layer was deposited on the stainless steel by means of an electroless deposition method; it was then thermally oxidized to obtain the $Co_3O_4$ layer, which is a highly conductive layer. With the increase of the Co coating thickness, the ASR value decreased. For Co deposited STS444 with 2 ${\mu}m$hickness, the measured ASR at $800^{\circ}$ after 300 h oxidation is around 10 $m{\Omega}cm^2$, which is lower than that of the STS446M, which alloy has a lower ASR value than that of the non-coated STS. The reason for this improved high temperature conductivity seems to be that the Mn is efficiently diffused into the coating layer, which diffusion formed the highly conductive (Mn,Co)$_3O_4$ spinel phases and the thickness of the $Cr_2O_3$(S), which is the rate controlling layer of the electrical conductivity in the SOFC environment and is very thin

진주지역 초등학교 학교정원의 식재현황 및 개선방안

강미영,주정운,김소진,김태운,문현식,허무룡 경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2020 농업생명과학연구 Vol.54 No.5

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the establishment of school gardens in order to utilize school gardens as a place for environmental education through comparing and analyzing the planting status in elementary schools located in Jinju-city, Gyeongnam-do. Among meditation forest schools and normal schools, Ibanseong and Jinseong elementary school (below es.) showed the most abundant green area ratio and green area given for the management per member. There was a large difference in flora composition among meditation forest and normal schools. In the meditation forest schools, 41 species at Bongrae es., 66 species at Ibanseong es, and in the normal schools, 29 species at Geumseong es. and 66 species at Jinseong es. were recorded. Species planted at the time of establishing of meditation forest ranged from 10 species at Shinan es. to 33 species at Ibanseong es. The concordance rate between plants planted in the school garden and plants mentioned in the textbooks was higher in normal school than meditation forest school. Accordingly, concordance rate between plants for planting meditation forest varied from 22.7% at Dodong es. to 60.0% at Shinan es. Zelkova serrata and Rosa multiflora var. platyphylla were designated as school tree and school flower in relatively many schools. Index of ecological health averaged 2.63 for meditation forest schools and 2.08 for normal schools which is the result of increase in green space and species diversity during the establishment of the meditation forest. 본 연구는 경남 진주시에 위치한 초등학교를 명상숲 조성학교와 일반학교로 구분하여 학교정원 내 식재현황을 비교․분석함으로써 학교정원을환경교육의 장소로 활용하기 위해 향후 학교정원 조성에 필요한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 수행되었다. 학교정원 면적의 경우 명상숲 조성학교에서는 이반성초등학교, 일반학교는 진성초등학교가 녹지비율과 1인당 녹지면적이 가장 풍부한 것으로 나타났다. 학교정원 식물상은 명상숲 조성학교인봉래초의 41종에서 이반성초의 66종, 일반학교도 금성초의 29종에서 진성초의 68종으로 학교에 따른 차이가 크게 나타났다. 명상숲 조성 시 식재된식물은 신안초의 10종에서 이반성초의 33종까지 다양하게 나타났다. 학교정원에 식재된 식물과 교과서 언급 식물의 일치율은 일반학교가 명상숲 조성학교보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 명상숲 조성 시 식재된 식물의 일치율은 22.7%에서 60%로 나타났다. 교목과 교화는 느티나무와 장미가 가장 많은 비율로지정되어 있었다. 생태적 건강 지수는 명상숲 조성학교가 평균 2.63점, 일반학교가 평균 2.08점으로 나타났는데, 이는 명상숲 조성으로 인한 녹지면적과 종다양도 증가에 의한 것이다.

경남 창원시 초등학교 학교숲의 생태적 특성

강미영,주정운,김소진,김태운,문현식,Kang, Mee-Young,Joo, Jeong-Woon,Kim, So-Jin,Kim, Tae-Woon,Moon, Hyun-Shik 한국환경과학회 2021 한국환경과학회지 Vol.30 No.3

This study was conducted to provide basic data for the establishment school forests in order to utilize school forests as a place for environmental education through analyzing the planting status in elementary schools located in Changwon-city. School forests including meditation forest were the largest in Yongho elementary school (below e.s.) in meditation forest school and Dogye (e.s) in normal school. Jehwang (e.s.) and Sangnam (e.s.) showed the most abundant green area given for the management per member. The number of planting species and individuals in school forests differed greatly by elementary schools. There was also a difference in the number of planted species for establishment of meditation forest. There were no significant difference the concordance rate between the plants planted in the school forest and the plants mentioned in the textbook between meditation forest schools and normal schools. Index of ecological health averaged 3.2 for meditation forest schools and 2.4 for normal schools, which is the result of increase in green area and green rate due to the establishment of the meditation forest.

무전해 도금법으로 제조된 Co(Re,P) capping layer제조 및 특성 평가

한원규,김소진,주정운,조진기,김재홍,염승진,곽노정,김진웅,강성군,Han, Won-Kyu,Kim, So-Jin,Ju, Jeong-Woon,Cho, Jin-Ki,Kim, Jae-Hong,Yeom, Seung-Jin,Kwak, Noh-Jung,Kim, Jin-Woong,Kang, Sung-Goon 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Electrolessly deposited Co (Re,P) was investigated as a possible capping layer for Cu wires. 50 nm Co (Re,P) films were deposited on Cu/Ti-coated silicon wafers which acted as a catalytic seed and an adhesion layer, respectively. To obtain the optimized bath composition, electroless deposition was studied through an electrochemical approach via a linear sweep voltammetry analysis. The results of using this method showed that the best deposition conditions were a $CoSO_4$ concentration of 0.082 mol/l, a solution pH of 9, a $KReO_4$ concentration of 0.0003 mol/l and sodium hypophosphite concentration of 0.1 mol/L at $80^{\circ}C$. The thermal stability of the Co (Re,P) layer as a barrier preventing Cu was evaluated using Auger electron spectroscopy and a Scanning calorimeter. The measurement results showed that Re impurities stabilized the h.c.p. phase up to $550^{\circ}C$ and that the Co (Re,P) film efficiently blocked Cu diffusion under an annealing temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ for 1hr. The good barrier properties that were observed can be explained by the nano-sized grains along with the blocking effect of the impurities at the fast diffusion path of the grain boundaries. The transformation temperature from the amorphous to crystal structure is increased by doping the Re.

경상남도 거제시 초등학교 학교정원의 식재 현황

강미영 ( Kang Mee-young ),문현식 ( Moon Hyun-shik ),주정운 ( Joo Jeong-woon ),김소진 ( Kim So-jin ),허무룡 ( Huh Moo-ryong ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2020 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구는 경남 거제시에 위치한 6개 초등학교를 대상으로 학교정원 내 식재 현황을 비교ㆍ분석함으로써 학교정원을 환경교육의 장소로 활용하기 위해 향후 학교정원 조성에 필요한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 명상숲 조성 학교와 일반 학교로 구분하여 학교정원 현황, 정원 내 식재 현황, 교목과 교화의 식재 현황, 정원 내 식물과 교과서 식물의 일치율, 정원의 생태적 건강성 등을 분석하였다. 학교정원 면적, 녹지비율, 1인당 녹지면적은 학교에 따라 차이가 있지만, 명상숲 조성학교가 일반 학교보다 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 녹지비율과 1인당 녹지면적도 명상숲 조성학교가 일반 학교보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 학교정원에 식재된 식물상은 명상숲 조성 학교가 66∼70종으로 일반 학교의 32∼48종보다 학교정원 내 식물 종이 많았으며, 학교정원 내 식재된 식물의 개체 수도 명상숲 조성학교가 평군 597개체로 일반 학교의 331개체보다 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 주로 울타리용과 경관용으로 식재되는 영산홍과 남천, 산철쭉, 덩굴장미 등은 개체 수가 많았으나 은행나무, 왕벚나무 등 교목성 수종의 개체 수는 적은 것으로 나타났다. 학교정원 내에 분포하는 식물과 교과서에 언급되는 식물의 일치율은 명상숲 조성학교 약 40%, 일반 학교 36%로 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았는데, 초등학교라는 특성을 고려하면 교육적 효과를 기대하기 위해서라도 학교정원 내 수종과 교과서 언급식물의 일치율을 높일 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다. 조사 대상 학교의 교목은 소나무와 느티나무, 향나무, 은행나무, 팽나무 등이었으며, 교화는 동백꽃과 개나리, 목련 등이 주로 지정되어 있었다. 녹지면적은 명상 숲 조성 학교가 일반 학교보다 조금 넓었으나, 녹피율과 녹지용적계수는 명상 숲 조성 학교와 일반 학교 간에 큰 차이가 확인되지 않았다. 학교정원 내 식재된 식물 종의 종 다양도는 명상 숲 조성 여부에 따라 가장 차이가 크게 조사되었다. 녹지 연계성은 교외 환경의 영향을 절대적으로 받는데, 학교 주변에 녹지면적이 부족하면 학교정원이 도시림의 기능을 할 수 있도록 확대 조성하는 것도 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 생태적 건강지수는 명상 숲조성 학교(3.17점)가 일반 학교(2.56점)보다 조금 더 높은 것으로 확인 되었다. The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the creation of school gardens in order to utilize them as a place for environmental education by comparing and analyzing the planting status in elementary schools located in Geoje-city, Gyeongnam. The study classified distinctly the schools with meditation forests and normal schools while analyzing the current state of school gardens, planting statuses of school gardens, planting statuses of school trees and school flowers, the concordance of plants in school gardens and elementary school textbooks, and the ecological health of school gardens. Although there are differences among schools, school garden areas, green area ratios, and green areas per person of schools with meditation forests are higher than in normal schools. Plants planted in school gardens consisted of 66-70 species in schools with meditation forests, and there were more plant species in these school gardens than the 32-48 species in normal schools. The amount of plantings of species such as Rhododendron indicum, R. yedoense for. poukhanense and Nandina domestica, which are planted for fences and landscapes, are high. There was no significant difference between plants planted in school gardens and plants mentioned in elementary school textbooks, about 40% for schools with meditation forests and 36% for normal schools. School trees were Pinus densiflora, Zelkova serrata, Juniperus chinensis var. chinensis, Ginkgo biloba and Celtis sinensis, and school flowers were Camellia japonica, Forsythia koreana and Magnolia kobus. The green areas of schools with meditation forests was found to be a little wider than that of normal schools, but the green rate and green volume factor were not significantly different between schools with meditation forests and those without. Species diversity is the factor with the greatest difference depending on the type of meditation forest. Connectivity to green belts is absolutely influenced by the suburban environment. If there are insufficient green areas around the schools, it is necessary to expand the school gardens so that they can function as urban forests. The ecological health index of schools with meditation forests is also slightly higher than normal schools.