비행기(飛行機)나 선박(船舶)은 여하(如何)히 낙뢰(落雷)를 피(避)하는가에 대한 궁리(窮理)

조규심(曺圭心) 대한전기학회 1997 전기의 세계 Vol.46 No.10

혐색소형 신세포암의 나선식 CT 소견: 병리조직학적 소견 및 예후와의 비교

조규란,박철민,정환훈,김형래,박범진,이영흔,서보경,차상훈,이창희,정규병,Cho, Kyu-Ran,Park, Cheol-Min,Chung, Hwan-Hoon,Kim, Hyoung-Rae,Park, Bum-Jin,Lee, Young-Hen,Seo, Bo-Kyeong,Cha, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Chang-Hee,Chung, Kyoo-Byung 대한영상의학회 2002 대한영상의학회지 Vol.46 No.1

목적: 혐색소형 신세포암의 특징적인 나선식 CT 소견을 알아보고 종양의 병리소견, 핵등급, 병기, 그리고 예후와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 병리학적으로 확진된 167예의 신세포암중 11예(6.6%)의 혐색소형 신세포암을 대상으로 나선식 CT와 조직소견을 후향적으로 분석하였다. CT상 종양의 크기, 내부 구조, 감쇠(attenuation), 경계, 정맥과 림프절로의 전이 여부를 관찰하였고 병리소견, Fuhrman의 핵등급, Robson 병기, 그리고 예후와의 연관성에 대해 알아 보았다. 열명의 환자에서 추적 CT로 종양의 재발 유무를 알아 보았는데 추적 기간은 27-80개월(평균 49.6개월)이었다. 결과: CT상 모든 예는 고형이고 신 실질과 경계가 좋으며 크기는 2.5-15 cm(평균 7.7 cm)이었다. 조영증강전 CT상 신 실질과 등음영(n=1)또는 저음영(n=10)이었고 조영증강 초기와 후기에 모두 저음영으로 보였다.3예에서는 내부에 국소적으로 괴사 또는 낭성 변화로 판단되는 저음영 부위가 있었는데 이는 병리조직 소견상 유리화로 확인되었다. 정맥이나 림프절로의 침범 또는 원격 전이를 보인 예는 없었다. 병리조직소견상 낭성 변화는 1예, 출혈이나 괴사는 5예, 완전한 피막화는 3예, 신주위 지방층으로의 파급은 3예에서 보였다. 핵등급은 II(n=6)나 III(n=5)였고 병기는 I(n=8)혹은 II(n=3)였다. 핵등급이 III인 5예중 3예는 병기 I이었고 2예는 병기 II였다. 추적 검사상 모든예에서 종양의 재발은 없었고 모두 생존하고 있다. 결론: 혐색소형 신세포암은 조영증강 전, 조영증강 초기 및 후기 나선식 CT상 신 실질보다 저음영이고 경계가 좋은 고형 종양이며 핵등급이 높은 경우에도 상대적으로 병기가 낮고 예후가 좋다. Purpose: To describe the spiral CT findings of CRCC and to correlate these with the pathologic features, nuclear grading, tumor staging, and prognosis. Materials and Methods: We encountered eleven cases of CRCC among 167 cases of histopathologically proven RCC, retrospectively evaluating the spiral CT findings of CRCC including tumor size, internal texture, attenuation, margin, and the involvement of veins or lymph nodes. In addition, the CT findings were correlated with the pathologic features, Fuhrman's nuclear grade, Robson’s staging, and the prognosis. Between 27 and 80 (mean, 49.6) months later, the follow-up CT scans of tea patients were examined for tumor recurrence. Results: All tumors, which ranged in size from 2.5 to 15 (mean, 7.7) cm, were solid and well demarcated from renal parenchyma. Pre-contrast CT scans showed that their attenuation was equal to (n=1) or slightly lower (n=10) than that of renal parenchyma, and on early and delayed phase post-contrast enhanced scans, attenuation was low in all cases. In three, focal areas in which attenuation was lower than in the rest of the tumor were observed; histopathologically, these represented hyalinization. There was neither venous nor lymph node involvement, and no distant metastasis. Histopathologic examination demonstrated cystic change (n=1), hemorrhage or necrosis (n=5), complete encapsulation (n=3) and perirenal fat infiltration (n=3). Nuclear grading was II (n=6) or III (n=5), and tumor staging was I (n=8) or II (n=3). Among the five cases in which the nuclear grade was III, three were stage I and two were stage II. Follow-up scans showed no evidence of tumor recurrence, and all patients survived. Conclusion: Pre-, early- and late-phase post-contrast enhonced spiral CT scans showed that the attenuation of a CRCC was lower than that of renal parenchyma. Even where the nuclear grade was higher, a well-demarcated soild mass was observed, the tumor stage was lower and the prognosis better.

천둥번개(雷)로부터 전력(電力) 및 통신(通信) 시설을 방호(防護)하는 대책에 대하여

조규심(曺圭心) 대한전기학회 1996 전기의 세계 Vol.45 No.7

Primary Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma of the Breast: Radiologic and Pathologic Findings

조규란,임현주,김인선,황규원,서보경,우옥희,오유환,배정원 한국유방암학회 2010 Journal of breast cancer Vol.13 No.3

Primary breast lymphoma is a rare disease entity, particularly the T-cell type. There have been many case reports of primary breast lymphomas; however, these are mostly pathologic reports, with only a few reports in radiology literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the radiologic features of primary T-cell type breast lymphoma, including mammography, ultrasonography, MR imaging, and 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan. The radiologic findings are rather unique for this T-cell lymphoma compared to B cell type.

ISO 9000 시리즈와 한국의 현황

조규심(曺圭心) 대한전기학회 1997 전기의 세계 Vol.46 No.3

Breast Cancer Detection in a Screening Population: Comparison of Digital Mammography, Computer-Aided Detection Applied to Digital Mammography and Breast Ultrasound

조규란,서보경,우옥희,송성은,최정순,황신영,박은경,박아영,신혜선,정환훈 한국유방암학회 2016 Journal of breast cancer Vol.19 No.3

Purpose: We aimed to compare the detection of breast cancer using full-field digital mammography (FFDM), FFDM with computer-aided detection (FFDM+CAD), ultrasound (US), and FFDM+CAD plus US (FFDM+CAD+US), and to investigate the factors affecting cancer detection. Methods: In this retrospective study conducted from 2008 to 2012, 48,251 women underwent FFDM and US for cancer screening. One hundred seventy-one breast cancers were detected: 115 invasive cancers and 56 carcinomas in situ. Two radiologists evaluated the imaging findings of FFDM, FFDM+CAD, and US, based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon of the American College of Radiology by consensus. We reviewed the clinical and the pathological data to investigate factors affecting cancer detection. We statistically used generalized estimation equations with a logit link to compare the cancer detectability of different imaging modalities. To compare the various factors affecting detection versus nondetection, we used Wilcoxon rank sum, chi-square, or Fisher exact test. Results: The detectability of breast cancer by US (96.5%) or FFDM+CAD+US (100%) was superior to that of FFDM (87.1%) (p=0.019 or p<0.001, respectively) or FFDM+ CAD (88.3%) (p=0.050 or p<0.001, respectively). However, cancer detectability was not significantly different between FFDM versus FFDM+CAD (p=1.000) and US alone versus FFDM+CAD+US (p=0.126). The tumor size influenced cancer detectability by all imaging modalities (p<0.050). In FFDM and FFDM+CAD, the nondetecting group consisted of younger patients and patients with a denser breast composition (p<0.050). In breast US, carcinoma in situ was more frequent in the nondetecting group (p=0.014). Conclusion: For breast cancer screening, breast US alone is satisfactory for all age groups, although FFDM+ CAD+US is the perfect screening method. Patient age, breast composition, and pathological tumor size and type may influence cancer detection during screening.

뇌방전 현상과 전력용 피뢰기의 최근 동향

조규심(曺圭心) 대한전기학회 1996 전기의 세계 Vol.45 No.9

전기 및 전자공학에 관계되는 신소재의 발전

조규심(曺圭心) 대한전기학회 1997 전기의 세계 Vol.46 No.5

Sonographic Findings of Mammary Duct Ectasia: Can Malignancy be Differentiated from Benign Disease

조규란,김금원,서보경,황규원,우옥희,오유환,김윤환,배정원,박용성,황철목,이무식,김광일 한국유방암학회 2010 Journal of breast cancer Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate differences in ultrasonographic findings between malignant and benign mammary duct ectasia. Methods: From January 2003 to June 2005, 54 surgically proven mammary duct ectasia lesions depicted on sonograms were included in this study. We evaluated the ultrasonographic (US) findings in terms of involved ductal location, size, margin, intraductal echogenicity, presence of an intraductal nodule, calcification, ductal wall thickening and echo changes of the surrounding breast parenchyma. The US findings were correlated with the pathological features. Results: Of the 54 lesions, 46 lesions were benign and eight lesions were malignant. Benign lesions included an inflammatory change (n=7), ductal epithelial hyperplasia (n=7), fibrocystic change (n=18), intraductal papilloma (n=11), atypical ductal hyperplasia (n=2) and sclerosing adenosis (n=1). Malignant lesions included ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n=6), infiltrating ductal carcinoma (n=1) and mucinous carcinoma (n=1). On US images, the peripheral ductal location, an ill-defined margin, ductal wall thickening and a hypoechoic change of the surrounding parenchyma were features significantly associated with malignant duct ectasia. Conclusion: For ill-defined peripheral duct ectasia with ductal wall thickening and surrounding hypoechogenicity as depicted on US, the possibility of malignancy should be considered and radiologists should not hesitate to recommend a prompt biopsy.

Non-Calcified Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Ultrasound and Mammographic Findings Correlated with Histological Findings

조규란,서보경,김철환,황규원,김윤환,김백현,우옥희,이영흔,정규병 연세대학교의과대학 2008 Yonsei medical journal Vol.49 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate radiological findings of non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to correlate those with histological features. Materials and Methods: From July 2002 to March 2006, 22 patients with histologically-proven non- calcified DCIS were included. Mammography was obtained in 19 patients, ultrasound in 18 patients, and both examinations in 15 patients. Radiological findings were evaluated according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System by American College of Radiology. Histological tumor subtype and Van Nuys classification of DCIS were assessed. Results: Histological subtypes consisted of mixed type in 11 patients (50%), comedo in 4 (18%), cribriform in 4 (18%), papillary type in 2 (9%), and solid in one (5%). According to Van Nuys classification, group 3 DCIS was observed in 13 (59%) patients. In the 19 patients who underwent mammography, 13 patients presented with abnormal findings: focal asymmetry in 7 patients (37%), masses in 4 (21%), skin thickening in one (5%), and architectural distortion in one (5%). In the 18 patients who had received breast ultrasound, a mass was present in 15 (83%) patients and ductal changes in 3 patients (17%). Sixty percent of patients with masses on ultrasound had group 3 DCIS and 100% of patients with ductal change had group 1 DCIS (p=0.017). Conclusion: Diagnosis of non-calcified DCIS by mammography is not an easy task due to the lack of typical malignant calcifications or masses. High resolution ultrasound can be useful for detecting non-calcified DCIS, and ultrasound findings are correlated with histological features.