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김형래,곽계달 대한전자공학회 1995 전자공학회논문지-A Vol.32 No.11
In this paper, we developed a two-dimensional numerical simulator which could analyze the stripe geometry semiconductor laser diodes by modifying the commercial semiconductor device simulator, MEDICI. In order to study the characteristics of semiconductor laser diodes, it is necessary to solve the Helmholtz wave equation and photon rate equation in addition to the basic semiconductor equations. Also the recombination rates due to the spontaneous and the stimulated emissions should be included, which are very important recombination mechanisms in semiconductor laser diodes. Therefore, we included the solution routines which analyzed the Helmholtz wave equation and the photon rate equation and two important recombination rates to simulate the semiconductor laser diodes. Then we simulated the gain-guiding and index-guiding DH(Double Heterostructure) semiconductor laser diodes to verify the validity of the implemented functions. The results obtained from simulation are well consistent with the previously published ones. This allows us to know the operating characteristics of DH laser diodes and is expected to use as a tool for optimum design.
초기 부적응 도식이 군대적응에 미치는 영향 -군 생활 스트레스와 자아탄력성의 매개효과
김형래,양난미,이인재,하재필 명지대학교(서울캠퍼스) 인문과학연구소 2014 인문과학연구논총 Vol.35 No.2
For the better understanding of adjustment of soldiers, this study investigated theinfluence of early maladaptive schema, military life stress, ego-resilience andadjustment of soldiers. We conducted a survey of 320 soldiers. Based on the precedingresearch, we tested the influence of early maladaptive schema, military life stress andego-resilience on adjustment of soldiers. We also examined the mediating effect ofmilitary life stress and ego-resilience in the relation between early maladaptive schema and adjustment in military. The results indicated that early maladaptive schema was related to military life stress, ego-resilience and adjustment of soldiers. In addition, mediating effect of military life stress and ego-resilience was confirmed in the test examining the relationships in four variables. Implication and significance of the present study were discussed.
김형래,고효진,김수용 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.73 No.3
A description method of information transmission was presented and applied to EEGs recorded from groups of mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and normal controls. To monitor the general interdependence of EEG channels, time-delayed mutual information was computed using the Fraser- Swinney algorithm. To manage the stochastic nature of mutual information and global connectivity of the brain, the modified Karhunen-Loeve decomposition (information transmission map: ITM), which was conducted as a quantification method of the resulting stochastic mutual information, was used. The integration of mutual information with Omega complexity elevated the discrimination power for mild AD. This provides a good procedure, capable of capturing the fine structure in the global information transmission between brain parts, compared with mutual information calculation alone. Compared with normal aged controls, mild AD patients showed significantly different short-time clustered behavior in the information transmission from the EEG. They also show a peculiar pattern of information flows from the successive snapshot monitoring. The observations suggest a discrimination of the mild AD patients from the normal aged controls.
영화와 얼굴-들뢰즈와 가타리의 흰 벽-검은 구멍의 체계를 중심으로-
김형래 한양대학교 현대영화연구소 2018 현대영화연구 Vol.14 No.1
들뢰즈와 가타리는 자신들의 공저 『천개의 고원』에서 ‘얼굴’에 관한 심도 깊은 논의를 전개한다. 이 논의는 역시 자신들의 공저인 『앙띠 오이디푸스』의 연속선상에 있는 것으로서 구조주의 정신분석학과 인본주의적 존재론을 비판하고자 하는 맥락 속에 위치하고 있다는 점에서 매우 의미 있는 주제라고 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 얼굴론은 『천개의 고원』에 이어 또한 들뢰즈의 단독 저서인 『감각의 논리』와 『시네마 I: 운동-이미지』에서 다양한 방식으로 전개되고 있다. 본고는 특히 『천개의 고원』의 얼굴론과 『시네마 1』의 감정-이미지를 중심으로 다루며, 본고의 주된 과제는 들뢰즈와 가타리의 얼굴론에서 주된 개념인 흰 벽-검은 구멍의 체계가 무엇이고, 그것이 들뢰즈의 영화 이론에서 어떻게 발전되고 적용되는지 알아보는 것이다. 따라서 본고는 먼저 철학과 정신분석학에서 흰 벽-검은 구멍의 유래와 기능을 밝히고자 하였다. 첫째, 흰 벽-검은 구멍은 사르트르의 주체성 논의와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 단적으로 사르트르의 ‘무’와 ‘존재의 구멍’이라는 개념은 주체성 및 주체화라는 관점에서 검은-구멍과 맞닿아 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 흰 벽-검은 구멍은 라캉의 거울 단계 및 욕망 개념과 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 이때 흰 벽은 거울 및 상징계의 기표의 연쇄와, 검은 구멍은 기표 연쇄에 난 구멍으로서의 대상 a 혹은 욕망과 관계가 있음을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 그러나 사르트르와 라캉의 주장은 지나치게 인본주의적이고 구조주의적이라는 한계가 있다. 따라서 이를 극복하기 위해 들뢰즈는 흰 벽-검은 구멍에 대해 다른 방식으로 접근한다. 그들에게 흰 벽-검은 구멍은 욕망하는 기계의 구성 성분이자 얼굴성이라는 추상기계로서, 결국 흰 벽-검은 구멍과 욕망하는 기계, 얼굴성이라는 추상 기계는 얼굴화, 즉 기표화와 주체화로부터의 탈영토화를 가능하게 하며, 권력의 배치에 따라 정치적 함의를 가질 수 있는 힘이라는 사실을 보여준다. 넷째, 흰 벽-검은 구멍을 퍼스의 기호학을 통해 설명하고자 하였다. 『시네마 I』의 ‘감정-이미지’에서 등장하는 퍼스의 도상, 다이어그램, 일차성 등의 개념은 흰 벽-검은 구멍의 관계를 잠재적 가능태라는 맥락에서 비교적 매우 선명하게 보여준다. 그리고 그 개념은 얼굴 클로즈업을 통해 구체적으로 나타난다. 특히 얼굴 클로즈업에서 얼굴은 더 이상 개별화, 사회화, 의사소통의 대상이 아니라 탈인격화와 얼굴의 해체로 발전한다. 이는 영화 미학적 관점에서 기존의 클로즈업 개념에 새로운 지평을 제공하는 것으로 간주할 수 있다. This paper concentrates on the theme ‘Face’, on which Deleuze and Guattari have written together. Especially 0 Year: Faciality in A Thousand Plateaus takes Face to the topic. In addition, this paper deals with the affection-images of Cinema 1: the movement-image, because this text seems to be an extension of 0 Year: Faciality of D&G. My question is, therefore, in particular where the concepts of the white wall and black hole come from and what their function is, and how these concepts are applied for the Deleuzian film theory. This paper offers approximately four answers to these questions. The first answer relates to the concept hole-in-Being which Sartre deployed in his book Being and Nothingness. According to the Sartre’s non-being thesis, the human-being as Being-for-itself bases on nihilation and nothingness that lead to hole-in-Being. It means that hole-in-Being constitutes the subject. In this sense, D&G’s black hole has the similar role, because it has something to do with the subjectification. The second relates to the Lacanian concepts: the mirror-stage, object a, and desire and so on. The mirror functions as a reflective white wall that indicates a series of signifier or signification. At the same time, this signification contributes to producing the subject as an effect of signifier. In addition, desire and object a as the gap in a series of signifier allow for the subject to sustain itself. This associates us definitely with the black hole as the subjectification. However, basically D&G do not agree with the humanism and structuralism of Sartre and Lacan. Therefore they suggest a non-humanistic and non-structuralistic theory of face. That is the fourth answer. It relates to the desiring machine and body without organs. The desiring machine comes from the combination of Lacan’s desire and Guattari’s machine. It functions as the attributes and power of BwOs. In this context, D&G present that the white wall-black hole system is nothing but the desiring machine that produces the facialization, or signification and subjectification and simultaneously gives rise to the dismentling and the deterritorialization of face. And finally, the fourth answer relates to the Peirce’s semiotic terminologies: Icon, Diagram and Firstness, which Deleuze introduced in the affection-images of Cinema 1: the movement-image. These terms show the relation between the virtual possible and the actual, which are also the properties of the white wall-black hole. Above all, the close-up of face as an affection-image describes the dismentling and deterritorialization of face, unlike the traditional understandings of face. In this respect, Deleuze provides the close-up of face with its new aesthetics.
김형래,최순영,서만철,Ralph R. B. von Frese,박경준,유해은 한국지질과학협의회 2020 Geosciences Journal Vol.24 No.5
Moho estimates for the Yellow Sea and Bohai Basin were developed from the EGM2008 gravity, ETOPO1 topography/bathymetry, and NOAA’s sedimentary thickness databases. Spectral correlation analysis between the free-air gravity anomalies (FAGA) and the terrain’s gravity effects (TGE) at 20 km altitude was made to estimate the terrain-correlated FAGA, which can provide information on the isostatic status of the study area. This study included the additional terrain gravity effects due to density contrasts from sedimentary rock thickness variations over the Yellow Sea. Spectral correlation filtering of the FAGA with the TGE estimated the terrain correlated FAGA, which were subtracted from the TGE to infer isostatically compensated gravity effects for inversion constraints on the Moho modeling. The derived Moho estimates show considerable sensitivity to the sedimentary thickness variations and tectonic features of the Yellow Sea region. In addition, the gradients in the dynamic crustal topography inferred from the terrain-correlated FAGA show apparent associations with the distribution of the Yellow Sea’s earthquakes with predominantly strike-slip focal mechanisms.
김형래,김경표 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 1999 建設技術論文集 Vol.18 No.2
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristic of arrangement of Miruksa Temple in Iksan. Records tell us that in Iksan-city, Chollabuk-do was a temple of great magnitude founded in the seventh century during the reign of Mu-wang of Paekche. A recent excavation of the temple revealed much about its overall arrangement. Three sets of structures, each consisting of a gate, a pagoda and a kumdang, or worship hall, aligned on a south-north axis, were placed side by side from east to west, a arrangement that has never been seen anywhere before. In this study, first of all, I confirmed the period of the establishment and considered the condition of that time and the thoughtful background of establishments. And then I studied the background of the site selection. And the arrangement of Miruksa Temple is considered. As a result of this study, the main factors of this arrangement characteristics are divided into the factors of Politics and of Buddhist thought.
김형래,김신재,임경훈,김종민,이준호,김용균,정종필,이상곤 한국심초음파학회 2015 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.23 No.2
Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are rare. Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are frequently associated with ventricular septal defect (VSD)and aortic regurgitation. They often remain asymptomatic until abruptly presenting with acute chest pain and heart failuresecondary to rupture. Here, we describe a case of 20-year-old man who presented with chest pain with a history of VSD. Initialwork-up concluded that the patient had VSD associated membranous septal aneurysm. Four years later, the patient presentedwith symptoms of heart failure. Work-up showed that the ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm was the cause of symptoms. Due to its close proximity to the aortic annulus, sinus of Valsalva aneurysm should be differentiated from membranous septalaneurysm.
김형래,정경희,전도홍 한국정보처리학회 2007 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.14 No.6
The emphasis in genome projects has Been moving towards the sequence analysis in order to extract biological “meaning” (e.g., evolutionary history of particular molecules or their functions) from the sequence. Especially, palindromic or direct repeats that appear in a sequence have a biophysical meaning and the problem is to recognize interesting patterns and configurations of words (strings of characters) over complementary alphabets. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to identify variable length palindromic pairs (longer than a threshold), where we can allow gaps (distance between words). The algorithm is called palindrome algorithm (PA) and has O(N) time complexity. A palindromic pair consists of a hairpin structure. By composing collected palindromic pairs we build n-pair palindromic patterns. In addition, we dot some of the longest pairs in a circle to represent the structure of a DNA sequence. We run the algorithm over several selected genomes and the results of E.coli K12 are presented. There existed very long palindromic pair patterns in the genomes, which hardly occur in a random sequence. 게놈 프로젝트 연구는 DNA사슬 내에서 생물학적 의미(예, molecule 의 진화역사 또는 그 기능)를 추출하기위한 사슬분석 쪽으로 강조가 되어가고 있다. 특히, DNA사슬 내에서 상보적 또는 반복되는 패턴은 생물학적 의미를 가지고 있다. 문제는 상보적 단어가 만들어내는 흥미 있는 패턴과 단어 구성을 찾아 내는 것이다. 본 논문은 다양한 길이의 팰린드롬 쌍을 검색하는 알고리즘에 관한 연구이다. 다양한 길이의 팰린드롬 쌍 내에는 빈 공백을 또한 허용한다. 알고리즘은 팰린드롬 알고리즘이라고 명명하며 O(N)의 계산 시간을 가진다. 하나의 팰린드롬 쌍은 머리핀 형태로 구성되어 있다. 검출된 여러 팰린드롬 쌍을 활용하여 n-쌍 팰린드롬 형태를 구성하였다. 더욱이 발견된 가장 긴 팰린드롬 쌍을 DNA 사슬 원형 구조에 점으로 표현하여 가시성을 제고하였다. 본 알고리즘은 여러 게놈 상에서 실시되었으며 E.coli K12 의 결과를 나타내었다. 실험결과 DNA 안에는 랜덤한 경우에는 확률상 매우 발생하기 힘든 긴 팰린드롬 패턴들이 존재 한다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다.
콘크리트의 레올로지 특성에 따른 펌핑관내 마찰저항계수의 예측에 관한 연구
김형래,조호규,김정철,이근주 한국건축시공학회 2014 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.14 No.2
The establishment of the technology for evaluating friction resistance and pipe pressure and the relation of the fluidcharacteristics and pumpability of concrete is essential for concrete pumping performance for the rapid construction ofsuper-tall buildings. In this study, a quantitative evaluation of concrete fluid characteristics and surface frictionresistance was performed, applying different concrete mix proportions and pumping conditions. To achieve this, wedeveloped a temporary horizontal pumping evaluation system to measure pipe pressure and surface frictioncharacteristics, and performed an experiment to investigate the relations between concrete rheology characteristics andfriction resistance in pipe. The experiment found that in terms of the rheology characteristics, plastic viscosity wasreduced remarkably after pumping. As well, high regression between the surface friction and pressure gradient wasconfirmed. This means that it is possible to evaluate the friction resistance between concrete and pipe by means of apumping system that includes a frictional resistance testing pipe. In addition, high regression between the plasticviscosity of concrete after pumping and friction resistance coefficient was confirmed. Finally, it is considered thatpumping pressure can be predicted using the friction resistance coefficient derived in this study, and it has highregression 본 연구에서는 콘크리트를 펌프압송할 경우, 콘크리트의 배합조건에 따른 레올로지 특성의 차이와 압송속도에의해 펌핑관내의 마찰저항력이 달라지게 되는 것에 착안하여 레올로지특성과 펌핑관내 마찰저항계수의 상관관계를 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 콘크리트용 레올로지측정장치와 관내마찰저항 평가시험장치를 이용하여 레올로지특성과 마찰저항력을 측정하기 위한 펌프압송실험을수행하였다. 연구결과, 펌핑전후의 레올로지특성에 큰 변화가 있는것으로 파악되었으며, 시험장치에 의해 측정된 관내마찰저항력과 이론상의 관내 최대전단력이 거의 동일한 값을나타냈다. 또한, 펌핑 후 콘크리트의 소성점도와 관내마찰저항계수의 상관관계가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났으며,본 연구에서 도출된 마찰저항계수에 의한 압송압력의 예측값이 실측결과와 매우 높은 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.
金炯來 건국대학교부설 산업기술연구소 1977 논문집 Vol.3 No.-
In this paper, the 8-bit D/A Converter is designed and fabricated. D/A Converter which is most important in digital systems is consisted of a register, a Analog switch, a level amplifier, a ladder network and a Operational amplifier and these parts are mentioned too. In this experiment, resistor in ladder network is used within 0.05% to get a high accuracy. It is found that error of D/A Converter is less than 0.019% and it means a good agreement with a theory. It is expected that D/A Converters are many kinds used in all Digital systems and Analog system, so it needs more researches that D/A Converter can be to get a excellent accuracy and a fast conversion speed.