New Approaches to Xerostomia with Salivary Flow Rate Based on Machine Learning Algorithm

이연희,이연희,어규식,박희경 대한치의학회 2023 Journal of korean dental science Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the objective cutoff values of unstimulated flow rates (UFR) and stimulated salivary flow rates (SFR) in patients with xerostomia and to present an optimal machine learning model with a classification and regression tree (CART) for all ages. Materials and Methods: A total of 829 patients with oral diseases were enrolled (591 females; mean age, 59.29±16.40 years; 8~95 years old), 199 patients with xerostomia and 630 patients without xerostomia. Salivary and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed. Result: Patients with xerostomia had significantly lower levels of UFR (0.29±0.22 vs. 0.41±0.24 ml/min) and SFR (1.12±0.55 vs. 1.39±0.94 ml/min) (P<0.001), respectively, compared to those with non-xerostomia. The presence of xerostomia had a significantly negative correlation with UFR (r=–0.603, P=0.002) and SFR (r=–0.301, P=0.017). In the diagnosis of xerostomia based on the CART algorithm, the presence of stomatitis, candidiasis, halitosis, psychiatric disorder, and hyperlipidemia were significant predictors for xerostomia, and the cutoff ranges for xerostomia for UFR and SFR were 0.03~0.18 ml/min and 0.85~1.6 ml/min, respectively. Conclusion: Xerostomia was correlated with decreases in UFR and SFR, and their cutoff values varied depending on the patient’s underlying oral and systemic conditions.

무용수들의 무대공연에 미치는 불안요인

이연희 한국체육측정평가학회 2023 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.25 No.2

이 연구는 ‘무대공연불안척도’(장지은, 이연희, 2021)를 이용하여 무대공연 상황에서 무용수들이 느끼는 불안수준은 불안요소별, 불안요인별로 차이가 있는지와 무용수의 전공무용과 공연횟수 간에 불안요인별 불안수준은 차이가있는가를 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위해 수도권 지역 소재 5개 대학의 무용학과 학생과대학원 학생, 그리고 전문 무용수 610명이 대상으로 선정되었다. 질문지의 응답 방법은 구글 설문조사 방법에 의한비대면 방법과 대면 방법을 병행하였다. 수집된 자료 중 Rasch 평정척도 모형을 적용하여 부적합한 응답을 보인17명를 제외한 593명이 최종 연구대상자로 선정되었다. ‘무대공연불안척도’의 문항수는 15개이며 세 개의 구인(외적환경요인, 내적 환경요인-자신 관련, 내적 환경요인-지도자 관련)으로 구성되어있다. 문항은 4점 척도로 구성되었으며 점수가 높으면 무대공연 과정에서 영향을 받는 불안수준이 높음을 나타낸다. 15개 문항에 대한 Cronbach의내적합치도(α)계수는 .88로 나타났다. 불안요소(문항)별 불안수준과 세 가지 요인별 불안수준에 차이가 있는지를검증하기 위해 단일요인 반복측정 ANOVA를 적용하였다. ‘무용수의 전공무용 및 공연횟수에 따라 무대공연 불안요인은 차이가 있는가?’를 검증하기 위해 3×3×3(전공무용×공연횟수×불안요인) 3요인 혼합모형 MANOVA를 적용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/PC+의 Descriptive, Repeated measure ANOVA, and MANOVA이다. 분석결과 얻은결론은 첫째, 무대공연 상황에서 무용수들이 영향을 받는 불안수준은 불안요소와 불안요인에 따라 차이가 있다. 무용수들이 가장 크게 영향을 받는 불안요소와 요인은 부상에 대한 두려움, 정서조절의 실패, 동작에 대한 자신감 부족, 그리고 외적 환경요인보다는 내적 환경요인에 기인한 불안요소들로부터 상대적으로 큰 영향을 받고 있다. 둘째, 무대공연 상황에서 무용수들은 전공무용과 공연경험에 관계없이 외적 환경요인보다는 자신과 관련된 내적 환경요인으로부터 상대적으로 큰 영향을 받고 있다. 셋째, 무대공연 상황에서 무용전공자들이 느끼는 불안수준은 발레 전공자가가장 높다. 현대무용과 한국무용 전공자가 느끼는 불안수준은 상대적으로 낮다. 넷째, 무대공연 상황에서 공연경험에따라 무용수들이 느끼는 불안수준은 차이가 없다

패션 & 뷰티 평생교육 수강생의 교육서비스 만족도에 관한 연구

이연희 한국니트디자인학회 2012 패션과 니트 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of the study was analyzing the process quality and outcome quality to the satisfaction on lifelong educational service in fashion & beauty' students. As a research method, first, the lifelong education, educational service quality, education satisfaction through the study of literature related to the subject. second, the question papers are designed with the process quality and outcome quality of education satisfaction to lifelong educational students. SPSS Windows 18.0 program was used to analyze frequency distribution, percentage, factor analysis through Varimax rotation, α reliability of Cronbach, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study are as follows: first, in the process quality, students are probably satisfied with whole educational services, but they wanted to improving the physical evidences in every class. Also the satisfaction on curriculum is lower than the satisfaction on teacher. second, in the evaluate to outcome quality, one thought beauty classes are more helpful than fashion classes on the economic activities. third, most students were from thirties to fifties, these ages wanted to find new job or economic activities compare with other ages, so it need to open suitable classes reflecting this students desire. Also most students of nail art are 20's, this today's job trend. Therefore it has to establish technical education program to variation job-environment and ages. The purpose of the study was analyzing the process quality and outcome quality to the satisfaction on lifelong educational service in fashion & beauty' students. As a research method, first, the lifelong education, educational service quality, education satisfaction through the study of literature related to the subject. second, the question papers are designed with the process quality and outcome quality of education satisfaction to lifelong educational students. SPSS Windows 18.0 program was used to analyze frequency distribution, percentage, factor analysis through Varimax rotation, α reliability of Cronbach, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study are as follows: first, in the process quality, students are probably satisfied with whole educational services, but they wanted to improving the physical evidences in every class. Also the satisfaction on curriculum is lower than the satisfaction on teacher. second, in the evaluate to outcome quality, one thought beauty classes are more helpful than fashion classes on the economic activities. third, most students were from thirties to fifties, these ages wanted to find new job or economic activities compare with other ages, so it need to open suitable classes reflecting this students desire. Also most students of nail art are 20's, this today's job trend. Therefore it has to establish technical education program to variation job-environment and ages.

미용평생교육 학습자의 프로그램 만족도 조사

이연희 한국니트디자인학회 2014 패션과 니트 Vol.12 No.2

The primary aim of this research is to study the student satisfaction on the beauty-related courses of the lifelong educational service. The questionaire is designed to measure the student satisfaction on the process and outcome quality of the lifelong education. The process quality characteristics studied in this research are education environment, teacher and curriculum. Employment, business establishment and voluntary activity are considered as the outcome quality characteristics. SPSS for Windows 18.0 is used for the statistical analysis of the survey data. Statistical methods such as factor analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and Duncan's multiple range test are applied. The results are as follows: The satisfaction on the education environment is lower than that on the teacher and curriculum; The satisfaction on the employment and business establishment is lower than that on the voluntary activity; The satisfaction levels of different age groups are not statistically significant. However, the fact that more than 50% of the students are thirties is meaningful for the future direction of the beauty-related courses; The student satisfaction levels on the teacher and curriculum are significantly different with respect to courses; It is shown that the output quality characteristics of lifelong education courses do not have significantly different satisfaction levels. The results presented in this research may be utilized for improving the environment and operation of local lifelong education institutions. However, it should be recognized that this research is confined to the beauty-related courses of a specific local lifelong education institute.

암모니아 누출 사고에 따른 환경피해 영향 범위 예측

이연희,남근우,염혜성,김보경,신창현,김재영 한국환경농학회 2024 한국환경농학회지 Vol.43 No.-

. This study was performed to evaluate the potential damage caused by a chemical accident through the analysis of off-site consequence (OCA) and the presence of ammonia residues in crops. The assessment of OCA was carried out for worst-case and alternative-case scenarios. To determine the ammonia residues in crops, samples were collected from both sweetpotato (SW) and wormwood (WW) crops in 9 separate groups within the affected area, and the ammonium levels were quantified using ion chromatography. As a result of the OCA, for the worst- and alternative-case scenarios, the impact distances were estimated at 1.6 km and 666 m from the accident site, respectively. In the impacted zone, SW samples exhibited ammonia concentrations ranging from 69.6 to 218.0 mg/kg, which were up to 16.9 times higher than those in the unaffected areas. Meanwhile, WW samples in both the worst- and alternative-case scenarios showed lower ammonia, with concentrations varying from 62.2 to 77.8 mg/kg and 49.0 to 67.8 mg/kg, respectively. These results indicate that the ammonium residue in crops outside the affected area is at least 49 mg/kg due to the inherent ammonium in plants, the application of nitrogen fertilizer, and various nitrogen sources. Thus, it may not be possible to predict the actual impact range accurately. However, the simultaneous assessment of OCA and the residue analysis offers valuable insights into the initial contamination levels of the accident-affected area.

Acrocephalosyndactyly(Apert Syndrome)의 방사선학적 소견 -증례 보고-

이연희 대한영상의학회 1991 대한영상의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Apert syndrome(Acrocephalosyndactyly type 1)is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by craniosynosis and symmetric syndactyly of both extremities. Radiological examination of the skull shows hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. In the facial bones, the hypoplastic maxilla and relatively prominant mandible are observed associated with other anomalies such as cleft palate. Radiologic examination of both hands and feet show bony or subcutaneous syndactylism and typical mitten hands and webbed toes.

「檢要」에 대한 문헌학적 고찰

이연희,안상우 한국서지학회 2009 서지학연구 Vol.42 No.-

‘Geomyo’ (The Gist of autopsy, hereinafter, Geomyo) is a book on forensic medicine written during the period ranging from 1820 to 1865 and its real author is unknown. It is assumed that when this book was written, the occurrence of various accidents rose due to the increase in local governors' work load and deepening of social fluctuations incurred by the intensification of centralized policies; thus, local governors needed practical reference books in order to deal with incidents in the midst of a complicated legal system. Particularly, issuing a death certificate for a murder case was classified to be so important that several books on this topic were compiled, and Keomyo inherited several traditional books on forensic medicine compiled since the reign of King Sejong. Geomyo is composed of chapters on the major topics of autopsy, that is, ‘Geomhom’, and excerpts from the reports of autopsies, that is, ‘Geoman’, and divided into two volumes. The first part of Geomyo contains mostly the excerpts from Jungsu Muwonrok(a revised and expanded edition of the ancient Chinese forensic book published during the Joseon period) and the later part includes some excerpts from the concluding and introductory remarks of ‘Geoman’s. Only ‘Gakcho’ is assumed to include the whole draft of ‘Geoman’, and at the end of the book, few citations from Heumheumshinseo (The instructions on a person’s punishment and imprisonment] and the explanations of technical jargons are included. Geomyo as a casebook for conducting ‘Geomhom’ is very systematically organized to cover the basic procedures of ‘Geomhom’, the excerpts from the introductory and explanatory remarks, arranged according to the causes of deaths, and finally the major elements (such as the principal offender, an accomplice, and infamous criminal, etc.) to be considered in writing ‘Geoman’. Since Geomyo recorded in detail the causes of deaths linked with the state of corpses, it shows the accomplishments and experiences of research in forensic medicine were well accumulated. With these data, we can also assume that there had been a group of experts in autopsy for a long time, and they had accumulated professional knowledge and experiences in forensic medicine. Further, since Geomyo contained a lot of clues which could clearly evidence the terms of forensic medicine at that time, and documented valuable forensic techniques in this area, it can be valued as a indispensable reference source in this field. 「檢要」는 1820년에서 1865년을 전후한 시기에 저술된 법의학서로 저자는 알려져 있지 않다. 집필당시 중앙집권체제 강화로 인한 지방 수령의 업무 증가, 사회적 변동 심화로 각종 사건이 증가했던 까닭으로, 수령들은 복잡한 법률 체계 속에서 사건 처리를 위해 실용적인 참고 서적을 필요로 하였다. 특히 살인사건에 대한 검험문안 작성은 상당히 중요한 업무로 분류되어 있어, 관련 서적도 여러 종류가 편찬 되었고, 특히 「檢要」는 세종시대 이후 편찬된 여러 전통 법의학서의 계통을 잇고 있다. 「檢要」는 검험의 주요 사항들과 檢驗文案에서 발췌된 각 편들로 구성되며, 상하권으로 나뉘어져 있다. 앞부분은 「증수무원록」에서 발췌한 것이며, 뒷부분은 검험문안의 結辭와 題詞에서 발췌한 것이 대부분이다. 단, ≪各招≫만은 검험문안 전체를 다 실어 놓은 것으로 생각되며, 끝부분에 「흠흠신서」의 인용이나, 어휘 풀이 등의 내용이 조금 실려 있다. 「檢要」는 檢驗의 기본 사항들을 정리한 후 實因別로 跋辭, 題詞를 발췌하고, 마지막으로 檢案 작성 시의 주요 사항들(正犯, 干犯, 嫌格 등등)에 대한 사례를 정리한, ‘실무 사례집’으로서의 完整한 체계를 갖추고 있다. 또한 「檢要」에는 사망의 원인을 주검의 상태와 관련지어 상세히 기록하고 있어 법의학과 관련된 연구 성과와 경험이 축적되어 왔음을 보여준다. 이로써 우리는 검안관련 전문가 집단이 오래전부터 형성되어 활동했으며, 전문지식과 경험을 축적시켜 왔음도 짐작할 수 있다. 아울러 당시 법의학 용어를 명확히 고증할 수 있는 단서들이 다수 포함되어 있으며, 가치 있는 법의학적 기술들을 발견할 수 있어 향후 관련 분야 연구에 빼놓을 수 없는 참고자료라 할 수 있다.

소수화된 나노셀룰로오스를 이용한 배리어 코팅 기술 개발

이연희,이지영,조해민,이재영 한국공업화학회 2021 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2021 No.0

조직간 장기지향성이 조직간 신뢰와 협력 및 조직간 원가관리의 관련성에 미치는 영향

이연희,박정수 한국경영교육학회 2014 경영교육연구 Vol.29 No.5

This study empirically investigated the influence of inter-organizational relationships on the inter-organizational trust, inter-organizational cooperation and inter-organizational cost management. Through reorganization of long-term orientation and empirical research, we investigate the causes of difference between the claims of previous studies and the results of domestic enterprises. Along with this, we empirically validated the indirect effect through inter-organizational trust. According to the results, we judged that high-level long-term orientation groups improve the level of inter-organizational cost management through the maintaining long-lasting relationship and low-level long-term orientation groups are able to facilitate the level of inter-organizational cost management by gaining the trust level between the organizations. The results of analyses showed that low-level long-term orientation groups have an effect either directly or indirectly inter-organizational cost management level as well as inter-organizational cooperation level. Finally, we proved that through inter-organizational trust, long-term orientation indirectly influence on inter-organizational cooperation level and inter-organizational trust level is the first significance prerequisite to introduce inter-organizational cooperation. 본 연구는 조직간 관계유형별 수준차이가 조직간 신뢰, 조직간 협력 및 조직간 원가관리 도입간의 관련성에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 최근 국내기업을 대상으로 이루어진 연구를 바탕으로 조직간 원가관리 도입에 직․간접적인 영향을 미치지 못한 것으로 나타난 장기지향성 요인을 수준별로 재구성하고, 실증적으로 검증하여, 선행연구들의 주장과 국내기업 분석결과간의 차이가 발생하는 원인을 규명하였으며, 조직간 신뢰를 통한 간접효과를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 실증분석 결과, 조직간 장기지향성 수준이 높은 집단은 관련기업과의 지속적인 관계유지를 통하여 조직간 이해와 신뢰관계가 이미 일정 수준을 유지하고 있으므로, 이를 바탕으로 한 조직간 협력관계를 더욱 공고히 함으로써 조직간 원가관리 도입 수준을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 장기지향성 수준이 낮은 집단은 높은 집단에 비해 낮은 수준의 신뢰관계를 유지하고 있으므로 조직간 원가관리 도입 및 실행에 전제가 되는 조직간 신뢰수준을 확보함으로써 조직간 원가관리 도입수준을 촉진시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, 장기지향성 수준이 낮은 집단은 조직간 원가관리 도입수준에 직․간접적으로 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 조직간 협력 수준에도 직․간접적으로 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 장기지향성은 조직간 신뢰를 통해 조직간 협력 수준에 간접적으로 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 조직간 신뢰가 협력의 전제조건이라는 선행연구를 실증적으로 입증하였다.

한일 디지털 음악 시장 비교

이연희,권혁기 한일경상학회 2012 韓日經商論集 Vol.57 No.-

There are four major differences between Korean and Japanese digital music market. First, despite the same technological changes made in both Korea and Japan, the two countries show distinctive changes in the size and structure of the digital music market. Second, the structure of the supply chain is different. Third, revenue sharing structures of copyright holders and distributors are different. Lastly, the presence of free music files and sanctions on the illegal music market were different. Further analysis reveals the following. First and foremost, it was found that mobile Internet has been used widely to download music contents in Japan. In terms of the supply chain, copyright holders were stronger than distributors. In addition, Japan applied strict copyright laws and regulations against illegal files with the advent of Internet. In contrast, music was mainly downloaded through wired Internet(PC Internet) in Korea. Music download has grown up side by side with wired Internet which showed faster speed rate in Internet technology and distribution than the wireless did. Furthermore, since mobile web was not open, it was difficult for CP to participate in the mobile contents market. This enabled carriers to set advantageous strategies in terms of supply chain. These days, copyright laws are much more stricter than ever, but yet they are not good enough to restrict all the illegal market formed earlier, and there are still much room for the sanctions and restrictions.