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박경덕 대한의사협회 2022 대한의사협회지 Vol.65 No.5
Background: Retinoid, whose existence was first known in the 20th century, was initially referred to as a naturally occurring substance with vitamin A action. However, now it has become a generic term for all substances exhibiting an active action through the retinoid receptor located in the nucleus of the cells. Retinoids are biologically important substances involved in many functions, including reproduction, embryonic morphogenesis, regulation of epithelial proliferation and differentiation, reduction of sebaceous gland, immune and anti-inflammatory effects, tumor prevention, and effects on extracellular matrix components. Current Concepts: Topical retinoids are used to treat several conditions, including acne, photoaging, and psoriasis. Their side effects are dose-related skin irritations, while teratogenicity risk is rare to non-existent. Systemic retinoids are a treatment of choice for acne and keratinization disorders. They are also useful for the treatment of psoriasis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and chronic hand eczema. Systemic retinoid therapy requires the careful patient selection and monitoring due to associated teratogenicity. Other important side effects are hypertriglyceridemia, dryness of lips, blepharoconjunctivitis, bone pain, increased muscle tone, myopathy, hypothyroidism, and neutropenia. Discussion and Conclusion: Awareness of the side effects and proper use of retinoids are important for successful treatment outcomes of the above-mentioned dermatological conditions.
박경덕 포스코경영연구원 2017 POSRI 이슈리포트 Vol.2017 No.7
○ 전기차 대중화 시대를 앞두고 코발트를 사용하는 고용량 삼원계 배터리 수요가 늘어나면서 코발트 가격이 올해 들어서만 90% 가까이 급등 - 런던금속거래소(LME) 홈페이지에 따르면, 코발트 가격은 올해 초 톤당 U$3만2500에서 7월 6일 현재 U$6만1000까지 88% 가량 폭등 - 전기차 생산이 늘어나면서 코발트 수요는 앞으로도 계속 증가할 것으로 보이지만 공급은 생산량 정체로 수요를 따라가지 못하는 상황이 지속될 전망 - 매쿼리 리서치는 “지난해가 리튬의 해였다면, 2017년은 배터리에서 `리튬의 짝꿍`인 코발트가 더 많은 주목을 받는 한 해가 될 것”이라고 전망 ○ 세계 코발트 생산량의 40%가량을 소비하는 최대 소비국 중국에서는 최근 코발트 가격 폭등 속에 물량을 구하지 못하는 품귀현상까지 발생 - 전지분야 세계 최대 소비국인 중국은 고질적인 대기오염 문제를 해결하기 위해 전기차에 파격적인 혜택을 제공하면서 전기차 배터리용 코발트 수요가 폭증 - 중국은 전기차 등 신에너지차(New Energy Vehicle) 생산량을 2016년 연간 52만대에서 2020년에는 500만대로 늘릴 계획(KOMIS) - 이차전지는 가전기기와 전기차에 모두 사용되지만 코발트는 단위당 소비량 측면에서 가전기기보다는 전기차 배터리에서 압도적으로 많이 사용됨 ○ 이에 따라 전 세계 코발트 생산량의 50%를 차지하며 수급에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 중부 아프리카 국가 DR콩고에 관심이 집중 - 아프리카 대륙의 `구리벨트(Copperbelt)`가 지나는 DR콩고는 생산량 기준 세계 코발트 1, 2, 3위 광산과 6위 광산을 모두 보유하고 있는 `코발트의 寶庫` - `15년까지 코발트 광산 생산량을 늘려오던 DR콩고는 작년 생산량이 전년 대비 6140톤이나 줄어든 7만7391톤(금속 기준)을 기록(KOMIS) - 지난해 초 2만 달러 대 초반에 머물렀던 낮은 코발트 가격과 DR콩고의 정정불안이 생산량 감소의 원인이었으나, 앞으로는 전기차 배터리 수요와 DR콩고의 정치상황이 코발트 시세를 결정하는 데 주요 변수가 될 전망 ○ DR콩고의 정정 불안이 심해질 경우, 수요는 늘어나는 반면 공급은 차질이 예상되면서 코발트 가격이 계속 오를 가능성 - 오랜 내전의 후유증으로 여전히 정치적 리스크를 안고 있는 DR콩고는 연말로 예정된 대통령 선거를 어떻게 치르느냐가 향후 정국의 주요 변수가 될 전망
Hydriding Chemical Vapor Deposition 방법으로 제조된 MgH_2의 수소저장 특성
박경덕,한정섭,김진호,김병관 한국수소및신에너지학회 2011 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.22 No.3
MgH_2 was synthesized by hydriding chemical vapor deposition (HCVD). In this study, we examined the hydrogen storage property of MgH_2 synthesized by HCVD. The results of pressure-composition-temperature (PCT) measurement showed that the HCVDed MgH2 reversibly absorbed hydrogen as much as 6 wt%. Each hydrogenation rate was very greater than the conventional alloy methods. The reason was that the particle size made by HCVD was small as approximately 1 μm. The PCT of MgH_2 made by HCVD methode was similar to a commercial MgH_2. The ΔH and ΔS value are respectively -76.8 kJ/mol・H_2 and -137.4 kJ/mol・H_2. Mg made by HCVD methode was activated easily than commercial Mg. Also the initial reaction rate was faster than that of commercial MgH_2. 70% of the total storage were stored during 400s.
박경덕,이은혜,이선화,하남경,방용준,전재복,김준영,장용현,이석종,이원주 대한의진균학회 2020 대한의진균학회지 Vol.25 No.3
Background: The knowledge of the clinical features and changing epidemiology of dermatophytes helps in better managing them. Objective: This study investigated the recent epidemiologic characters of Epidermophyton floccosum from January 2008 to December 2019 and attempted to compare these with previous studies. Methods: The current study included 57 patients who visited our clinic and were diagnosed with E. floccosum infection through fungal culture between January 2008 and December 2019. Data on the date of visit, gender, age at onset, and site of infection were collected through a review of medical charts and were compared with previously reported studies. Results: The frequency of isolation of E. floccosum decreased gradually, and the infections caused by E. floccosum were 33 cases of tinea cruris, 20 of tinea pedis, and 2 each of tinea corporis and tinea unguium. The male to female ratio was 10.4:1, and most infections occurred in the 10~29 year age group. Conclusion: E. floccosum infections in Korea have been decreasing rapidly since 1987. However, the clinical features of E. floccosum infections remained unchanged even at a low incidence.
한양방통합치료를 병행 후 완치된 재발성 소포림프종 증례 보고
박경덕,김지수,오유나,정범진,정유진,방선휘,Kyung-dug Park,Jisoo Kim,Yoona Oh,Beom-Jin Jeong,Yu-jin Jung,Sunhwi Bang 대한한방내과학회 2023 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.44 No.3
Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of integrative medicine on recurrent follicular lymphoma, thus providing a clinical basis for integrative medicine. Methods: The medical report of a patient with follicular lymphoma who had undergone several chemotherapies but continuously relapsed before treated with integrative medicine was analyzed. Radiologic outcome was assessed by several imaging tests based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Clinical outcome and safety were assessed by laboratory tests. Results: After five years of integrative treatment, there was a complete response in imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT), positron-emission tomography/CT, and endoscopy. There were no toxicity in the laboratory test and no serious side effect of integrative medicine. Conclusion: This study suggested that integrative medicine has few side effects but significant effects on treating recurrent follicular lymphoma. However, the results should be taken cautiously as further clinical studies are needed.
박경덕,이원주 대한의진균학회 2021 대한의진균학회지 Vol.26 No.3
Dermatophytosis is a skin disorder caused by dermatophytes. Dermatophytes isolated in South Korea include Trichophyton (T.) rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum, T. tonsurans, T. violaceum, T. schoenleinii, Microsporum (M.) canis, M. ferrugineum, M. gypseum, and Epidermophyton floccosum. T. tonsurans was first found in South Korea in 1992. In contrast, there have been no recent reported cases of T. violaceum, T. schoenleinii, and M. ferrugineum in South Korea. Population mobility, changes in human lifestyles, development of the healthcare system, and the introduction of antifungals have brought about dermatophyte evolution in the skin microenvironment. We have reviewed the cases of dermatophytosis caused by M. ferrugineum, T. violaceum, and T. schoenleinii reported both in South Korea and globally.