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강화학습 기반 수평적 파드 오토스케일링 정책의학습 가속화를 위한 전이학습 기법
장용현,유헌창,김성석 한국정보처리학회 2022 정보처리학회논문지. 컴퓨터 및 통신시스템 Vol.11 No.4
Recently, many studies using reinforcement learning-based autoscaling have been performed to make autoscaling policies that areadaptive to changes in the environment and meet specific purposes. However, training the reinforcement learning-based Horizontal PodAutoscaler(HPA) policy in a real environment requires a lot of money and time. And it is not practical to retrain the reinforcementlearning-based HPA policy from scratch every time in a real environment. In this paper, we implement a reinforcement learning-basedHPA in Kubernetes, and propose a transfer leanring technique using a queuing model-based simulation to accelerate the training of areinforcement learning-based HPA policy. Pre-training using simulation enabled training the policy through simulation experience withoutconsuming time and resources in the real environment, and by using the transfer learning technique, the cost was reduced by about42.6% compared to the case without transfer learning technique. 최근 환경의 변화에 적응적이고 특정 목적에 부합하는 오토스케일링 정책을 만들기 위해 강화학습 기반 오토스케일링을 사용하는 연구가 많이이루어지고 있다. 하지만 실제 환경에서 강화학습 기반 수평적 파드 오토스케일러(HPA, Horizontal Pod Autoscaler)의 정책을 학습하기 위해서는많은 비용과 시간이 요구되며, 서비스를 배포할 때마다 실제 환경에서 강화학습 기반 HPA 정책을 처음부터 다시 학습하는 것은 실용적이지 않다. 본 논문에서는 쿠버네티스에서 강화학습 기반 HPA를 구현하고, 강화학습 기반 HPA 정책에 대한 학습을 가속화하기 위해 대기행렬 모델 기반시뮬레이션을 활용한 전이 학습 기법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 활용한 사전 학습을 수행함으로써 실제 환경에서 시간과 자원을 소모하며 학습을수행하지 않아도 시뮬레이션 경험을 통해 정책 학습이 이루어질 수 있도록 하였고, 전이 학습 기법을 사용함으로써 전이 학습 기법을 사용하지않았을 때보다 약 42.6%의 비용을 절감할 수 있었다.
Warty Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva in Older Women: Association with Human Papillomavirus
장용현,김유찬,이은소 연세대학교의과대학 2005 Yonsei medical journal Vol.46 No.1
Warty squamous cell carcinoma (WSCC), a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma occurring in younger women, is primarily associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although WSCC appears to exhibit less aggressive behavior than typical well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, it bears the risk of regional metastasis. Accordingly, WSCC should be differentiated from other verruciform neoplasms. We describe a rare case of WSCC with a short disease duration occurring in a woman of old age. We found the presence of HPV DNA different from other well-known types of high risk and low risk HPV by DNA chip microarray. These results suggest that various types of HPV can be associated with the pathogenesis of WSCC.
Recent Advances in Skin Barrier Research
장용현 ( Yong Hyun Jang ) 한국피부장벽학회 2017 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.19 No.1
The skin barrier plays key roles in immune surveillance and homeostasis, and in preventing penetration of microbial products and allergens. Common inflammatory skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis exhibit decreased barrier function, and recent studies suggest that the complex response of epidermal cells to barrier disruption may aggravate, maintain, or even initiate such conditions. Either aiding barrier reestablishment or dampening the epidermal stress response may improve the treatment of these disorders. This review highlights key advances regarding the field of skin barrier research, particularly those reported in 2016-17.