카테킨 섭취와 운동수행에 따른 obese Zucker rat 골격근의 GLUT-4 VAMP-2와 Syntaxin-4 단백질 발현의 변화

김철현,임예현,조인호,김성찬,방상식,조준용,이규성 한국운동과학회 2003 운동과학 Vol.12 No.4

김철현, 임예현, 조인호, 김성찬, 방상식, 조준용, 이규성, 카테킨 섭취와 운동수행에 따른 obese Zucker rat 골격근의 GLUT-4, VAMP-2와 Syntaxin-4 단백질 발현의 변화. 운동과학, 제12권 제4호, 663-678, 2003. 골격근에서 인슐린의 자극은 GLUT4를 세포막으로 전좌하도록 활성화하여 세포내로 글루코스를 공급할 수 있도록 한다. GLUT4의 전좌는 특이적인 액포(vesicle)결합 단백질인 v-SNARE가 표적 세포막에 위치한 상동성이 큰 t-SNAHE(Syntaxin-4)단백질을 특이적으로 인식하고 상호작용하여 GLUT-4를 세포막 표면으로 가역적 전좌(translocation)를 시켜 글루코스 섭취 능력을 증가시킨다. 본 연구는 v-와 t-SNARE 단백질의 상호 신호전달 작용 및 GLUT-4 작용 기전을 규명하고, 운동과 녹차 성분인 카테킨 섭취에 따른 골격근의 인슐린 저항성에 미치는 영향을 구명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 본 연구는 비만동물로 확립된 obese Zucker rat(fa/fa)를 사용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 집단은 비교집단, 카테킨 섭취, 운동집단, 운동과 카테킨 섭취 집단(4집단)으로 구분하여 8주간 실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 카테킨 섭취는 운동수행은 독립적으로 obese Zucker rat의 골격근내 인슐린 조절 단백질인 GLUT-4와 Vamp-2, Syntaxin-4 단백질 발현을 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이는 운동 혹은 카테킨은 각각 독립적으로 골격근의 글루코스 섭취 능력 및 인슐린 저항성을 개선시키는데 도움이 되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉, 운동 영양학 측면에서 카테킨과 같은 항당뇨 관련 보조물 섭취는 운동과 함께 비만과 당뇨병 개선 효과를 극대화시키는데 도움이 될 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 운동에 의한 GLUT-4의 세포막 이동 외에 카테킨 섭취가 GLUT-4의 세포막으로 이동에 있어서 또 다른 기전에 관여할 가능성이 있어 카테킨 섭취에 따른 GLUT-4 이동의 기전을 다시 확인하기 위한 후속 연구가 필요하다. Kim, C.H., Leem, Y.H., Cho, I.H., Kim, S.C., Bang, S.S., Cho, J.Y.,Lee, K.S. The effect of exercise training and catechins supplementation on skeletal muscle GLUT-4, VAMP-2 and Syntaxin-4 protein expression in obese Zucker rats. Exercise Science, 12(4): 653-670, 2003. Studies have suggested an important role for synaptobrevin and syntaxin homologues in this event, particularly the v-soluble N-ethylmaleimide attachment protein receptors(SNAREs)cellubrevin and vesicle-associated memo r ane protein-2(VAMP-2) and the syntaxin-4(t-SNARE) but the expression of these proteins has not been studied in insulin resistant tissues. There fore, we examined SNARE protein content in skeletal muscle from obese Zucker rats and determined the effect of exorcise and/or catechin treatment on these proteins. GLUT4 levels in skeletal muscle from exorcise and/or catechin treatments were elevated compared with control group. VAMP-2, and syntaxin 4 protein levels were elevated in skeletal muscle from obese Zuker rats compared with controls Restoration of normo-glycemia and normo-insulinemia in exorcised obese Zuker rats improved VAMP-2, and syntaxin-4 protein to levels approaching normal in lean animals. These data show that elevated v- and t-SNARE protein levels are associated with insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and that these increase may be achieved by exorcise and/or catechin treatments concomitant with a restoration of glycemic control. in summary, we have demonstratedthat v- and 1- SNAHE concentration as well as muscle GLUT-4 protein and mRNA can increase significantly after prolonged exorcise and/or catechin, and confirmed that this increase in GLUT-4 protein is controlled at both the pre-translational and translational levels. The observation that improved glucose storage suggests that the increased expression of GLUT-4 protein expression can serve as a molecular yardstick for exorcise-dependent glycogen deposition.

특허 동시분류 정보를 이용한 환경 기술의 동태적 중요도 분석

김철현 한국경영공학회 2019 한국경영공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

This study proposes a new approach to measure the dynamic importance of environmental technologies with patent co-classification information. First, patent co-classification analysis is applied to construct co-classification matrices from the frequency, relatedness, and cross-impact perspectives. Second, the analytical network process is used to the constructed co-classification matrices to determine the priority values of environmental technologies, taking into account their direct and indirect relationship. Finally, date envelopment analysis window analysis is employed to the derived priority values to examine the dynamic changes of the environmental technologies’ importance, reflecting three co-classification perspectives together. The proposed approach can be utilized for both environmental technology planning and eco-innovation policy making.

일별 · 시간대별 전력 부하패턴 분석

김철현 에너지경제연구원 2013 에너지경제연구원 수시연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

1. 연구필요성 및 목적 전력 수요의 예측력 제고는 국가의 산업 경제적 측면뿐만 아니라 정부 정책 수립 측면에도 매우 중요한 요소이다. 특히 우리나라에서는 2011년 정전사태 이후 시간별 전력수요 예측의 중요성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 전력수요가 몇 개의 일별, 시간별 패턴으로 구분되어 질 수 있는지를 검토하고 패턴별 특징을 살펴봄으로써 국내 단기 전력수요 모형의 예측력 향상을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 2. 내용 요약 및 정책제언 주요 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 요일별 패턴 기준 우리나라의 전력 부하 패턴은 월요일 오전패턴, 화~금요일 오전패턴, 월~금요일 12시 이후 패턴, 토요일 패턴, 일요일 패턴, 특수일 패턴으로 분류할 수 있었다. 둘째, 통상 가을로 분류되는 9월의 일부하패턴은 여름철 부하패턴으로 포함될 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며 통상 봄으로 분류되는 5월의 경우는 봄과 여름의 중간 형태로 분류하는 것이 타당해 보인다. 셋째, 요일효과와 기온효과가 특정 공휴일의 패턴 변화에 미치는 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 연간 주요 일전력부하피크의 발생시간은 23시에서 2009년 이후 11시와 15시 경으로 이동되었는데 이는 2~5월 23시에 주로 집중되던 일피크가 2008년 이후 11시경으로 이동하고 6~8월의 주요 일피크 발생 시간(15시)의 집중도가 2009년 이후 더욱 커진 것에 기인한다. 마지막으로 2009년 들어 동계 부하율이 크게 감소하면서 연간 부하율 역시 소폭 하락하였으나 2010년 이후 경기개선에 따른 산업용 전력수요의 회복으로 동계 및 연간 부하율이 재상승하고 있다. 이러한 부하율 상승의 원인은 주택용보다는 상대적으로 산업용과 일반용의 전력소비 증가에 따른 평균전력소비의 상승 때문인 것으로 보인다. 본 연구에서 확인한 바와 같이 전력수요패턴은 외생 환경변화에 따라 다양하게 나타나는데 최근 이상기온, 경기 불확실성 등으로 수요예측이 더욱 어려워지고 있다. 이러한 다양한 외부 환경의 변화 속에서 안정적인 전력공급을 위해서 정부는 다양한 시나리오별 위험관리 대책을 마련하는 한편 보다 안정적이고 보수적인 예비율 목표에 기반한 발전설비 계획을 수립해야 한다. 특히 국제 연료가격 변동을 적기에 반영하는 연료비연동제의 조속한 실시 등으로 현재의 전기요금 수준을 정상화하는 한편 전기소비자별 특성과 계절별 · 시간별 전력수급 상황을 고려하여 상이한 전기 공급원가를 반영하는 차등요금 적용대상을 확대해야 할 것이다. 또한 지금까지 국내 전기소비량의 과반수를 넘는 산업체를 중심으로 한 수요관리 사업을 일반용, 가정용으로 확대하는 것이 수급 불확실성 감소에 도움이 될 것으로 보인다. 1. Research Purpose Improving forecasting power of an electricity demand model plays a pivotal role not only in a nation’s economy and industry but also in government’s policy decisions. In Korea, the forecastability of hourly load demand became one of major interests of government especially after the blackout in 2011. This study aims to provide a better understanding about Korean electricity demand by investigating and analysing the seasonal, weekday, and hourly load patterns in Korea. 2. Summary The main findings are as follows: firstly, Korean hourly electricity demand patterns could be classified as six categories: Monday morning pattern, Tuesday~Friday morning pattern, Monday~Friday after 12:00 pattern, Saturday pattern, Sunday pattern, and holidays pattern. Secondly, load demand in September fits to the Summer patterns rather than Autumn pattern. Also load demand in May is better to be classified as an interim pattern between Spring and Summer. Thirdly, weekday factor and temperature may have little effect on the variation of a given holiday’s pattern. Next, since 2009 the most frequent time of daily peak load has moved from 23:00 to 11:00 and 15:00. Specifically, the most frequent time of daily peak load in Feb.~May changed from 23:00 to 11:00 after 2008, and the frequency of the time of daily peak load in Jun~Aug.(15:00) increased dramatically after 2009. Lastly, the annual load factor which was declined in 2009 is increasing again as the industrial electricity demand recovers along with the Korean economy. The major reason for this increasing load factor is the increase in average load demand, especially in industrial and general-purpose power demand rather than households demand.

Wilson 等著 「火星의 地質循環(地球와 달과의 比較)」의 要約

金哲顯 慶北大學校 自然科學大學 地質學科 地質學硏究會 1975 伏賢地質 Vol.- No.1

感星의 地質循環은 感星의 表面과 內部에 作用하는 여러가지 內外因的인 에너지의 效果를 나타내므로 地質循環을 仔細히 考察하면 感星들의 地質作用 歷史및 現發達단계에 關한 事實들을 推測할 수 있게 된다. 地球는 기원암이 침식되어 재순환하는 閉鎖環(closed-loop)의 地質循環인데 比해 달은 結晶質原始地殼이 逆行될 수 없는 開放環(open-loop)의 地質循環을 보인다. 그리고 火星의 地質循環은 "원시적"이고 地質作用이 정체한 달과 원숙하고 地質作用이 활동적인 地球와의 중간단계의 發達을 보여준다. 예비적인 "地質循環圖"는 火星 이 원시적인 噴火地域과 변형된 완만한 地域으로 분할되었음을 보여준다. 火星은 分明히 地球와 같은 構造的 活動(tectonic activity)의 단계에 돌입하고 있다.

중량조끼를 착용한 뇌졸중으로 인한 보행장애 환자의 즉각적인 보행 개선 효과 1례

김철현,홍해진,이상관,Kim, Cheol-hyun,Hong, Hae-jin,Lee, Sang-kwan 대한한방내과학회 2016 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.37 No.5

Objective: To confirm the immediate gait improvement in a post-stroke gait disturbance patient equipped with a weighted vest. Methods: We selected a patient who was able to walk without another’s help or with tools. The selected patient had an unstable gait because she had only started an independent gait within the past week, so we thought that a weighted vest could be very helpful for her. We first collected gait parameters using a treadmill gait analysis system while the patient walked on the treadmill without the weighted vest. After a 10-minute break, gait parameters were collected again while the patient walked on the treadmill while wearing the weighted vest. The gait parameters we collected included step length (cm), stance phase (%), swing phase (%), SW/ST, and gait line length (mm). For objective evaluation of gait improvement, we calculated the ratio of gait parameters of the right and left limbs. Results: The gait of the post-stroke patient was more symmetrical when wearing the weighted vest than without the weighted vest. Without the weighted vest, her step length ratio was 0.78, stance phase ratio was 0.88, swing phase ratio was 1.50, SW/ST ratio was 1.70, and gait line length ratio was 0.91. With the weighted vest, her step length ratio was 0.88, stance phase ratio was 0.90, swing phase ratio was 1.38, SW/ST ratio was 1.54, and gait line length ratio was 0.98. No side effects were observed due to the weighted vest.

東醫寶鑑 頭門 처방의 네트워크 분석을 통해 간략화한 頭部 증상의 주요 원인 및 처방

김철현,추홍민,문연주,성강경,이상관 대한한방내과학회 2017 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.38 No.6

Objectives: Head symptoms, such as headache and dizziness, are commonly presented in clinical practice. Although Donguibogam, the representative book of Korean medicine, contains many prescriptions for head symptoms, they are difficult to learn and apply because of the vast numbers. The aim of this study was to simplify and visualize the vast contents of Donguibogam by network analysis. Methods: 127 prescriptions for head symptoms, found in Donguibogam, were entered into a Microsoft office Excel 2013 file. This was used as a database for network analysis using the NetMiner 4 program. Results: Through network analysis, six networks for prescriptions for head symptoms in Donguibogam were established. The first network is similar to the herb composition of Cheongsangsahwa-tang (prescriptions for hwa-yeol syndrome). The second network is similar to the herb composition of Yanghyulgupung-tang (prescriptions for hyul-heo syndrome). The third network is similar to the herb composition of Sangcheongbaekbuja-hwan (prescriptions for dam-eum syndrome). The fourth network is similar to the herb composition of Heukseok-dan (prescriptions for yang-heo syndrome). The fifth network is similar to the herb composition of Boheo-eum (prescriptions for chil-jeong syndrome). The sixth network is similar to the herb composition of Bangpungtongseong-san (prescriptions for hwa-yeol syndrome). Conclusions: The results of the network analysis of 127 prescriptions for head symptoms in Donguibogam suggest that there are five major causes of head symptoms (hwa-yeol, hyul-heo, dam-eum, yang-heo, and chil-jeong), and that it is possible to prescribe Cheongsangsahwa-tang, Bangpungtongseong-san, Yanghyulgupung-tang, Sangcheongbaekbuja-hwan, Heukseok-dan, or Boheo-eum depending on the major causes.

재활치료 중단 후 보행 양상이 다시 악화된 뇌졸중 환자 1례에 관한 고찰

김철현,문연주,Kim, Cheol-hyun,Moon, Yeon-ju 대한한방내과학회 2017 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

Objective: This study describes the case of a patient with a left basal ganglia (BG) infarct who had made almost a complete recovery upon discharge from the hospital in 2014 but who was re-admitted after 31 months with a worsened hemiplegic gait. Methods: The patient had undergone no rehabilitation treatment in the 31 months since his discharge. When the patient was re-admitted to our hospital in 2017, stance and gait data were collected on the patient using a treadmill gait analysis system. In addition, the patient underwent a manual muscle test (MMT) evaluation, and his Motricity index (MI) and modified Barthel index (MBI) scores were recorded. After rehabilitation for one month, the patient was reassessed, and the results were compared to those on the day of re-admission and those recorded in 2014. Results: Compared to the 2014 evaluation results, the patient's stance parameters and gait parameters had worsened at re-admission. However, there was no significant change in the patient's MMT grade or MI and MBI scores in comparison to the results of the 2014 evaluation. After one month of rehabilitation, the patient was re-evaluated again, but there was no significant change in comparison to the evaluation results at re-admission. Conclusion: Some of the stroke patients who have passed six months since the onset of their stroke may require ongoing rehabilitation although the functions of them is almost recovered. Because there is a possibility that recovered functions get worse again without any rehabilitation for a long time. And once the recovered functions get worse, re-recovery of them is not easy.

[같은 본문, 다른 설교] 부족한 한 가지 (눅 18:18-23)

김철현 한국신학정보연구원 2005 헤르메네이아 투데이 Vol.29 No.-

Fermented Whey Protein Supplementation Improves Muscular Strength, Muscle Parameters, and Physical Performance in Middle-Aged Korean Adults: An 8-Week Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

김철현,전유빈,유동규,김기홍,정환종,김병관,박미현,김기환,황준호,조근희,김성규,이기웅,김성한 한국축산식품학회 2023 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.43 No.3

The present study evaluated the effects of fermented whey protein using kimchi lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus casei DK211 on skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in healthy middle-aged males performing regular resistance exercises. Effective protein supplementation and regular exercise are two important factors for improving muscle health. Therefore, in this study, the effects of consuming fermented whey protein twice a day were investigated and compared with that of non-fermented supplementation. Forty-eight males (average age 44.8) were randomly assigned to two groups: Fermented whey protein supplementation (FWPS) and nonfermented whey protein concentration supplementation (WPCS) groups. Each group ingested 37 g of FWPS or WPCS twice a day for eight weeks. Body composition, muscle strength, and physical performance were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Independent t-tests or chi-square tests for the categorical variables were performed for analyzing the observations. FWPS was effective in promoting the physical performance in dynamic balance measurement and muscle health, indicated through the increment in grip strength (left), upper arm circumference, and flat leg circumference from the baseline. However, similar improvements were not observed in the WPCS group. These results imply that whey protein fermented by L. casei DK211 is an effective protein supplement for enhancing muscle health in males performing regular resistance exercises.

예수 연구를 위한 문제 설정

김철현 한세대학교 1996 敎授論叢 Vol.8 No.-