호텔 식음료부문의 인적서비스의 質 향상에 관한 연구

고진철 한국관광정보학회 1998 觀光情報硏究 Vol.- No.2

The Speedy Development of Hotel Industry makes the selection of Customers more complicated because of the level of accelerated competition and more number of customers getting higher income and salary. The Hotel Industry will be highlighted as one of the Future Industries in 21st Century, especially in Food and Beverage Division. Since it occupies most of the weight in the Hotel Business. The Service Quality of Human Being is the key factor of the hotel Operation. In this aspect, this Study is presented as follows; First, We have to develop the Humanity Education Program as a Hotelier. Second, The Hotel Top Managements should invested Training and Education Programs for the improve of Longterm Service Quality, Continuously. Third, The Hoteliers are participated in Training and Education Course, be Willingly and Voluntarily for Self-Development. Fourth, Introducing the MOT Program in Training Course and Its result will reflect on the Performance Rating. Last selecting Multi Skill System in Food and Beverage Operation. In the end We can save the Labor cost and maximize Profit which will ultimately improve the Service Quality.

조기재발 유방암 환자와 지연재발 유방암환자의 예측인자 비교

고진철,최수윤,임현이,김명욱,소의영,정용식 대한외과학회 2006 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2006 No.5

코로나바이러스감염증-19 환자에서의 예후 평가에 있어 조기경고점수와 ROX index, CURB-65의 유용성

고진철,김지선,표창해,박현경,박근홍,김한범,함은미,박진형,송은곤,강샛별,곽문환,최동선,김지현 대한응급의학회 2023 대한응급의학회지 Vol.34 No.1

Objective: Early identification of COVID-19 in patients is important to prevent significant worsening of the disease. This study was undertaken to verify whether MEWS (Modified Early Warning Score), NEWS(National Early Warning Score), ROX index, and CURB-65, which are early diagnostic tools for severe respiratory diseases, could be applied to patients visiting the emergency room for COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients who visited an emergency medical center from September 1 to October 31, 2020, and from January 1 to February 28, 2021. Based on the vital signs and blood tests during the emergency room visit, severity evaluation tools and early diagnostic tools for severe cases were used and compared according to their area under the curve (AUC) values. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, while the secondary outcomes were intensive care unit admission rate and the need for mechanical ventilation based on these four tools (MEWS, NEWS, ROX index, and CURB-65). Results: A total of 667 patients were analyzed. No significant difference was determined between the non-survivor group and survivor group in the MEWS values (P=0.13), but statistically significant differences were observed for NEWS (5 vs. 1, P<0.05), CURB-65 (2 vs. 1, P<0.05), and ROX index (16.61 vs. 23.1, P<0.01). The AUC value of NEWS for death prediction indicated a good predictive power at 0.80, while that of MEWS showed a low predictive power at 0.57, which was statistically significant. Moreover, the AUC values of CURB-65 and ROX index did not differ significantly from values obtained for NEWS. Conclusion: As early diagnostic tools for predicting death in COVID-19 patients, NEWS, ROX index, and CURB-65 showed excellent discrimination ability, whereas MEWS showed statistically and significantly lower discrimination ability.

기간별 복강경 담낭절제술의 비교

고진철(Jin Cheol Ko),박세혁(Sei Hyeog Park),황재관(Jae Kwan Hwang),박성흠(Seong Heum Park),최경우(Kyong Woo Choi) 대한외과학회 2001 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.61 No.1

외과 의사에 의해 시행된 갑상선 결절의 악성 종양을 시사하는 초음파 소견의 분석

고건,고진철<SUP>1<,SUP>,최상용,박신희,이광찬<SUP>1<,SUP>,김진승<SUP>1<,SUP>,Gun Go,M,D,Jin Chul Koh,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Sang Yong Choi,M,D,Shin Hee Park,M,D,Kwang Chan Lee,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP> and Chin Seung Kim,M,D,<SUP>1< 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2010 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.10 No.4

Purpose: Ultrasound is most effective study for evaluating thyroid nodules. In this review, we discuss that sonographic findings to differentiate benign from malignant nodules and suggest recommendations for indications of fine needle aspiration biopsy and thyroid nodule management. Methods: Sonographic scans of 206 thyroid nodules in 164 patients were candidated for this study. We evaluated sonographic findings by shape, calcification, margin, and echogenicity, retrospectively. Sonographic findings that suggested malignancy included microcalcifications, a speculated margin, marked hypoechogenicity and a shape that was taller than wide. The final diagnosis of lesion as benign (n=180) or malignant (n=26) was confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy and follow-up (>6 months). We demonstrated the difference of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy. Results: Of 206 thyroid nodules, 26 were malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy based on our sonographic classification method were 84.6%, 73.9%, 31.9%, 97.0% and 75.2%. Conclusion: Sonography can be helpful for making the differentiation between and malignant nodules. So, when well trained surgeon find thyroid nodules on sonography, we can make correct diagnosis of malignant nodules. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2010;10:224-228)

CIDR를 이용한 제주 한우 및 흑우의 체내 수정란 생산과 이식

김영훈,고진철,오창언,강승률,양보석,오성종,김창능,송중용,김일화 韓國受精卵移植學會 2006 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.21 No.3

본 연구는 년(5년간) 제주도에서 사육중인 제주 한우와 흑우를 체내 수정란의 생산과 수정란 이식 기술을 통하여 조기 증식하고자 실시하였다. 한우 고등 등록우 286두와 흑우 경산우 69두(총 355두)에 대하여 발정 주기에 관계없이 CIDR를 질내에 삽입 후 7일째부터 성선 자극 호르몬() 400 mg을 50 mg씩 균등하게 나누어 4일간 12시간 간격으로 근육주사하였다. 투여 6회째에 CIDR를 제거하였으며, 동시에 25mg을 근육 주사하여 과배란을 The objectives of this study was to produce valuable offsprings of Hanwoo and Jeju black cattle using in vivo embryo production and embryo transfer techniques during 5 years () in Jeju. Two hundred and eighty six Hanwoo and sixty nine Jeju black cattles, at random stages of the estrous cycle, received a CIDR. Seven days later, the animals were superovulated with a total of 400 mg pFSH () administered twice daily in constant doses (each 50 mg) over 4 days. On the 6th administration of FSH, CIDR was withdrawn and 25 mg was administered. Cows were artificially inseminated thrice after estrous detection at 12 hr intervals. The cows received GnRH at the time of 2nd insemination. Embryos were recovered 7 or 8 days after the 1st insemination. Recipients were synchronized with donors by insertion of a CIDR for 7 days and administration of 25 mg at the time of CIDR removal. The collected embryos were transferred to 1,219 recipients by 6 transfer persons. The mean numbers of total ova and transferable embryos from Hanwoo and Jeju black cattle donors were 7.4 and 4.7, respectively The number of transferable embryos differed between Hanwoo (5.0) and Jeju black cattle (3.5, p<0.05), while that of total ova did not differ. Repeated superovulation treatments decreased (p<0.05) the ratio of numbers of the flushed animals vs. superovulated animals in Jeju black cattle, and the numbers of total ova and transferable embryos in Hanwoo. More transferable embryos were collected at summer (5.6) than winter (2.9, p<0.01). The mean pregnancy rate was 40%. The pregnancy.ate was affected by transfer year (2001<2004, p<0.05) and transfer person (, p<0.01), while not by donor (embryo) breed. These results showed that in vivo embryo preduction and embryo transfer techniques using CIDR for Hanwoo and Jeju black cattle donors as well as recipient, regardless of their estrous cycle, may enable a stable embryo production and recipient preparation.

갑상선 미세유두상암에서 혈관내피성장인자(VEGF)와 혈관내피성장인자 수용체(VEGFR-1), 저산소증 유발인자(HIF-1α)의 mRNA 발현

윤태일,정용식,고진철,함기백<SUP>1<.SUP>,소의영,Tae II Yoon,M.D.,Yong Sik Jung,M.D.,Jin Cheol Koe,M.D.,Ki Baek Ham,M.D.<SUP>1<.SUP> and Euy Young Soh,M.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2005 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.5 No.1

Purpose: Angiogeneisis is essential process for tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is major regulator of angiogenesis. Recently, the incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) increased because of development in diagnostic modality. Several recent reports have documented relationship of VEGF and papillary thyroid cancer. The aims of this study were to determine whether angiogenetic phenotype was changed or not changed and to evaluate the relationship between clinicopathologic features and VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), hypoxic induced factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) mRNA expression in PTMC. Methods: VEGF, VEGFR-1, HIF-1α mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR in 14 patients who had undergone thyroidectomy due to PTMC. The thyroid tumor tissue and adjacent normal thyroid tissue were collected in operation and preserved at ⁣70<SUP>o</SUP>C in RNA later solution. We evaluate the expression of VEGF, VEGFR-1, HIF-1α mRNA by RT- PCR. The expression of mRNA was quantititated by densitometer and analyzed the relationship between clinicopathologic features and mRNA expression. Results: Compared to normal tissues, in PTMC we observed higher expression of HIF-1α mRNA (P=0.024) and lower expression of VEGF mRNA (P=0.002). There was no difference in expression of VEGFR-1.The patients with nodal metastasis had higher expression of the VEGF mRNA in tumor tissues than those without nodal metastasis but not significantly. The VEGF mRNA of tumor tissues in patients with thyroid capsule invasion or not were expressed similarly. The lower expression of VEGF mRNA were observed more frequently in younger patients (<40). Conclusion: The expression of VEGF mRNA was lower in tumor tissue in spite of higher expression of HIF-1α mRNA. These results suggest that the reason for good prognosis and no progression to clinical cancer in PTMC was related to the unchanged angiogenic phenotype. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2005;5:18-23)

대장내시경에 의한 대장천공의 고찰

서정혁,김진승,이광찬,고진철 대한소화기내시경학회 2009 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.38 No.1

Background/Aims: Many physicians agree that colonoscopy is the best modality for either the diagnostic evaluation or use in therapy for colorectal disease. Although the incidence of perforations that occur after colonoscopy is low, the increasing number of performed colonoscopies may pose a relevant health problem with including the often lethal consequences. This study aimed to determine the frequency of perforation and the management of colonoscopic perforation. Modern Korean society has adopted westernized dietary habits, and this has led to an increased incidence of colorectal disease such as colorectal cancer, polyps and diverticulosis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of all the patients who underwent colonoscopy complicated by colon perforation between January 2004 and December 2007. The patients’ demographics, the purpose of colonoscopy, the location of the perforation, the management and the outcome were compared. Results: A total of 5254 patients underwent either a diagnostic or therapeutic colonoscopy procedure during four consecutive years at a single institution. Iatrogenic colonoscopic perforations (0.2%) were diagnosed in 11 patients (seven males and four females). Perforations occurred in six patients during a diagnostic colonoscopy and these occurred in five patients during a therapeutic colonoscopy. Free air in the peritoneum or retroperitoneum was seen in all the patients, as depicted on plain X-rays. Seven patients were treated with surgical intervention and four patients were treated with conservative management. One of the 11 patients with a perforation expired on postoperative day 47 due to infective endocarditis. Conclusions: The rate of iatrogenic colonoscopic perforation is still very low. Although perforation is a very serious complication and it can be a lethal malady, early recognition and treatment are very critical factors to optimize the patient outcome. Although a gold standard therapeutic modality has not been established, the patients who present with the signs and symptoms of generalized peritonitis are recommended to undergo early surgical intervention. 목적: 최근 한국은 서구화된 식습관으로 인한 악성종양, 용종, 게실염 등 대장질환이 증가하고 있다. 대장내시경은 대장질환의 진단과 치료목적으로 가장 좋은 방법이다. 대장내시경에 의한 천공의 빈도는 매우 낮지만 대장내시경의 시행 횟수의 증가로 불가피하게 늘고 있으며 심각한 경우 사망에 이르는 중요한 합병증이다. 본 연구는 대장내시경에 의한 대장천공의 빈도, 임상적 특징, 진단, 치료 및 결과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 본원 소화내시경 센터에서 대장내시경을 시행한 환자 중 대장천공이 발생한 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 의무기록을 통해 천공의 빈도, 임상적 특징, 진단, 치료 및 결과를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 연구기간 내에 총 5,254예의 대장내시경을 시행하였으며 11예(0.2%)에서 대장천공이 발생하였다. 남녀비는 7:4이며 진단 내시경 후 발생된 대장천공이 6예(0.13%)이며 치료 내시경 후 발생된 대장천공은 5예(0.82%)이다. 11예 모두 단순 방사선 촬영으로 복막 또는 후복막 자유공기가 관찰되었으며 천공의 위치는 에스결장이 8예로 가장 많았다. 7예에서 수술적 치료를 하였으며, 4예에서 내과적인 보존적 치료를 하였다. 천공 크기의 평균은 수술적 치료군에서 10.71±4.03 mm, 보존적 치료군에서 7.75±3.30 mm이다. 진단까지 소요된 시간의 정중치는 수술적 치료군에서 6시간, 보존적 치료군에서 11시간이다. 진단 직후 11예 모두 금식 및 병합항생제 요법을 시행하였다. 수술적 치료군의 수술 방법으로 일차봉합술이 5예, 분획절제술이 1예 그리고 하트만 술식이 1예이다. 진단적 내시경 후 발생한 천공을 수술적으로 치료를 시행한 1예에서 패혈증으로 사망하였다. 결론: 대장내시경에 의한 대장천공의 빈도는 매우 낮지만 발생시 사망에 이를 수 있는 중요 합병증이므로 빠른 진단과 치료는 환자의 예후를 결정하는 매우 중요한 요인이다. 전반적인 복막염 증세 및 증상이 있으며 천공 부위가 큰 경우 조기에 수술적 치료를 시행하면 보존적 치료실패 후 발생되는 수술의 어려움 및 합병증의 증가를 예방할 수 있겠으며, 복막염 증세 및 증상이 경미하거나 천공의 크기가 작고 장정결상태가 양호한 경우 보존적 치료를 통하여 수술로 인한 합병증 및 이환율의 감소를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

제주흑우 집단에서 모색 관련 유전자와 microsatellite marker의 다형현상을 이용한 수정란이식 및 인공수정 유래 후대우 검증

Sang-Hyun Han(한상현),Jin-Cheul Ko(고진철),Young-Hoon Kim(김영훈),Kim Nam-Young(김남영),Kim Jae-Hwan(김재환),Moon-Suck Ko(고문석),Ha-Yeon Jeong(정하연),In-Cheol Cho(조인철),Young-Hoon Yang(양영훈),Sung-Soo Lee(이성수) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.3

농가에 보급된 제주흑우 수정란이식 및 인공수정 생산축의 확인을 위하여 분자유전학적 실험기법을 이용한 개체 추척을 수행하였다. 유전자 marker 체계는 ISAG 권장 MS marker 11종, 예비시험 후 선발된 SAES marker 11종, 흑모색 관련 MC1R과 ASIP 유전자들을 조합하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 부모 정보가 없는 상태에서의 부권 부정율이 국제권장기준보다 높은 수준을 보였으며, 형매간 동일개체출현률은 5.3×10<SUP>-10</SUP>으로 조사되었다. 친자검정 결과 후보축에 대한 후보 부, 모, 부모 모두가 확인되는 경우는 각각 77.0, 54.0, 40.5%였다. 부-모-자간 trio-mismatch가 전혀 없는 수정란이식 개체는 공급 수정란 대비 14.7%로 확인되었고, 전체 후보축군 중 32.4%는 후보부와의 mismatch가 없는 인공수정에 의해 생산된 개체들로 판정하였다. ISAG marker들만을 분석한 결과에서는 7두가 동일한 3가지 유전자형 조합을 나타내었으나, ISAG/SAES marker들을 조합했을 때에는 2두에서만 동일 유전자형 조합을 나타내었다. MS와 모색유전자 분석자료를 모두 조합했을 때는 조사된 모든 개체들이 서로 구분되었다. 현재의 제주흑우집단이 소수 핵군에서 인공수정과 수정란이식 등 생명공학 기법으로 육성된 집단이기에 제주흑우집단의 유전적 다양성은 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구는 유전자 개체식별과 혈통관리 체계의 구축을 위해서는 적어도 20개 이상의 MS marker와 모색관련 유전자형 자료가 필수적으로 활용되어야함을 제안하고 있으며, 연구결과는 향후 제주흑우의 분자육종에 있어 유용한 자료가 될 것으로 시사하고 있다. To find offspring of Jeju Black cattle (JBC) produced by embryo transfer (ET) and artificial insemination (AI), a molecular genetic study was carried out in candidate cattle populations collected from cattle farms in Jeju Island, Korea. The genetic marker set was composed of 11 ISAG microsatellite (MS) markers, 11 SAES MS markers selected by our preliminary analysis for population diversity of JBC, and two major coat color related genes: MC1R and ASIP. The results showed a combined non-exclusion probability for first parent (NE-P1) that was higher than that recommended by ISAG (above 0.9995), and a combined non-exclusion probability for sib identity of 5.3×10<SUP>-10</SUP>. Parentage analysis showed that the cases identified the candidate’s father only (77.0%), mother only (54.0%), and both parents (40.5%) in the candidate offspring population. The ET and AI calves were identified as 14.7% in the in vitro fertilized eggs provided and 32.4% in total population, respectively. However, the result from ISAG marker analysis showed 3 identical allele-combinations in 7 calves, and that from ISAG/SAES MS marker combination also showed 1 identical allele-combination in 2 calves. Data from MS and coat-color gene analyses provided information for complete identification of all animals tested. Because the present JBC population was mostly bred using small nuclear founders through bioengineering techniques such as AI and ET, the genetic diversity levels obtained from MS analysis in the JBC population were relatively lower than those of other cattle populations, including Hanwoo. The results suggested that the more efficient marker combinations, including coat color related genotypes, should be studied and used for constructing a system for identification and molecular breeding of JBC as well.

<SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET-CT에서 진단된 갑상선 우연종의 악성종양 발견율 및 특징

이강영,고건<SUP>1<.SUP>,김선국<SUP>1<.SUP>,고진철<SUP>1<.SUP>,김행수,최상용,박신희,박용휘<SUP>2<.SUP>,Kang Young Rhee,Gun Koh,<SUP>1<.SUP>,Sun Kuk Kim,<SUP>1<.SUP>,Jin Chul Koh,<SUP>1<.SUP>,Haeng Soo Kim,Sang Yong Choi,Shin 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2008 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.8 No.1

<B>Purpose: </B>PET-CT is often used to differentiate benign or malignant thyroid incidentalomas. In this retrospective study, we evaluated whether the <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake pattern and PET-CT findings improved accuracy over the standardized uptake value (SUV). <B>Methods:</B> <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET-CT was performed on 2,178 subjects from August, 2004, to October, 2007, in Sung-ae Hospital. PET-CT was performed on 806 patients (37%) with suspected or known nonthyroidal cancer and 1,372 healthy subjects (63%) without a previous history of cancer. We investigated the clinical characteristics of patients, history, standardized uptake value (SUV), ultrasonography, and hormone levels in blood. Thyroidal cancer was confirmed by ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration and pathology after thyroid operation. <B>Results:</B> The prevalence of focal thyroid lesions on PET-CT was 8.8% (191/2178). Thyroid cancer confirmation was 7.9% (15/191). The maximum SUV of malignant thyroid lesions were significantly higher than that of benign lesions (7.00±3.08 vs. 4.49±1.84, P<0.001). <B>Conclusion:</B> PET-CT image interpretation that includes 18F-FDG uptake and SUV is better than PET-CT alone for differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Thyroid cancer risk increases as SUVmax levels increase. <B>(Ko</B><B></B><B>rean J Endocrine Surg 2008;8:38-42)</B>