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직류통전의 강도와 기간 및 공핵란의 일령이 소 핵이식배의 융합과 발달에 미치는 영향
오성종,양보석,임경순,김현종,진동일 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.5
The nuclear transfer technique is a biotechnique of life science that produces cloned animals with same genetic performance by transplantation of a blastomere of a donor embryo with multiplied cells into an enucleated oocyte. In this experiment, effects of strength and duration of a DC pulse at activation and fusion as well as age of donor embryos on fusion and development of OBCs were investigated for improvement of production efficiency of nuclear transfer embryos. When bovine enucleated oocytes were activated with a DC pulse of 0.6 KV/㎝ for 50 μsec or 1 KV/㎝ for 90 μsec and fused with in vitroderived day 4 donor blastomere by a DC pulse of 1 KV/㎝ for 30 μsec, the fusion rates, the cleavage rates and the developmental rates to morula plus blastocyst of oocyte blastomere complexes were 90 or 83.3%, 59.3 or 56.7%, and 7.4 or 6.7%, respectively. There was no significant (P$gt;0.05) difference between the two DC pulse treatments in the percentages of fusion, cleavage and development. In the subsequent experiment, enucleated oocytes were activated with DC pulse of 0.6 KV/㎝ for 50 μsec and cultured for 6 h in CRlaa supplemented with 10 ㎍/㎖ cycloheximide. Then, a blastomere of an in vitro-derived day 4 donor embryo was introduced into the enucleated oocyte. The OBCs were fused with a DC pulse of 0.6 KV/cm for 50 μsec, or 1 KV/㎝ for 30 μsec, or 2 KV/㎝ for 15 μsec. The fusion rate (82.9%), the cleavage rate (55.2%) and the developmental rate (10.3%) of the OBCs fused with a DC pulse of 1 KV/㎝ for 30 μsec were higher than the OBCs fused with a DC pulse of 0.6 KV/㎝ for 50 μsec or in 2 KV/㎝ for 15 μsec. The degeneration rate was significantly (P$lt; 0.01) lower with 1 KV/㎝ for 30 μsec (2.9%) than with 2 KV/㎝ for 15 μsec pulse (55.6%). When day 3, 4, and 5 embryos after in vitro fertilization were used as donor nuclei and in vitro matured oocytes that were enucleated and activated with a DC pulse of 0.6 KV/㎝ for 50 μsec and cultured for 6 h in CR 1 aa supplemented with 10 ㎍/㎖cycloheximide were used as recipient cytoplasms, the fusion rates by a DC pulse of 1 KV/㎝ for 30 μsec were 81.3, 84.9, and 85.7%, the cleavage rates were 46.2, 64.4, and 50%, and the developmental rates were 7.7, 8.9, and 6.7%, respectively. The fusion rates, cleavage rates, and developmental rate were not significantly (P$gt;0.05) different among the age groups of embryos. In this experiment, the results indicate that the enucleated oocytes activated with a DC pulse of 0.6 KV/㎝ for 50 μsec and cultured for 6 h in CRlaa supplemented with 10㎍/㎖ cycloheximide should be fused with day 5 donor blastomeres with a DC pulse of 1 KV/㎝ for 30 μsec for production of many cloned embryos.
Vitrification에 의한 동결보존이 토끼 수정란의 생존성에 미치는 영향
오성종,김희석,양보석,이근상 제주대학교 농과대학 제주도축산문제연구소 1991 畜産論叢 Vol.6 No.1
To improve the freezing techniques of animal embryos using vitrification solution as a cryoprotectant rabbit embryos, by cell stages, dehydration temperature and dehydration time, were frozen-thawed and cultured. Followings are the main results obtained. 1. The damage rate of zona pellucida after thawing was higher(l3.6%) when the cell stage of embryos was less than 4 cells than when the cell stage was 8- 16 cell or morula. The damage rate was higher when the dehydration temperature was 4℃ than -30℃ or -50~ -80%. The zona pellucida was damaged more when dehydrated for 5 min than when dehydrated for 10-15 min. 2. After being cultured for 72 hours, 5.3% of 4 cell(or less) embryos were developed to morula, while 86.4% of morula embryos were developed further. 3. More percentage of embryos(73.2%) was developed when dehydrated at -30℃ than when dehydrated at 4℃ at -50℃~-80℃. 4. The hatching rate was higher when dehydrated for 5 min. When the embryos were dehydrated for 10-15 min and cultured for 24 hours, they were not even developed or development was not good in later stages.
오성종 총신대학부설 기독교교육연구소 1996 기독교교육연구 Vol.7 No.1
“올바른 성경공부”라는 제목 하에서 우리는 여러 요소들을 함께 다루어야 할 것이다. 그것들은 서로 밀접하게 관련되어 있어서 그 중 일부가 잘못되거나 소홀히 여겨지게 되면 결국 기대하는 충분한 결과를 얻지 못하게 될 것이다. 흔히 많은 노력을 들여 성경공부를 오랜 세월동안 하였으나 어떤 변화와 열매를 경험하지 못하는 경우를 보게 되는 것은 그 때문이라 하겠다. 먼저 성경공부를 몇 명이 같이 하는지 인도자가 있는지 없는지에 따라서 다양한 방법이 될 것이다. 인도자가 있다 할 때도 소그룹 성경공부 형태인지 아니면 강의식 내지는 강해식 형태인지에 따라 인도자의 역할이 다를 수 밖에 없다. 또 같은 성경 공부라 할지라도 본문과 주제에 대한 접근 방법에 따라 주제별, 책별 또는 개관식 연구가 있다. 이들은 각기 장단점이 있다고 보기 보다 서로 보완관계에 있는 방법들이라 볼 것이다. 또 특히 그룹 성경 공부 방식인 경우 교재가 있는 것이 매우 효과적이다. 이상의 모든 요소들은 최선을 다해 고려했을 때 비로소 최상의 성경공부를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 그런데 흔히 다양한 것이라 여기면서도 실제로 있어서 등한히 생각되거나 망각되면서 성경공부가 이루어지게 되는 항상 염두해 두어야 하는 한가지 요소가 있다. 곧 성경 공부의 궁극적인 목적과 목표이다. 평소 분명한 목적의식과 목표를 가지고 이루어지는 성경공부가 되어야 훌륭한 결과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 이 요소를 먼저 취급하겠다.