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모유영양아와 인공영양아의 피하지방 및 상완위의 성장발육 상태 : 영아의 피하지방 및 상완위 발육상태
최경숙,최혜미,구재옥,임경숙,김주혜,김숙배 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.1
One- to three- month-old infants (n=232) were compared their upper arm cumference and skinfold thickness(triceps, subscapular) by feeding methods in cross-sectional study. There were two groups : breast-fed(BF) and formula-fed groups(FF). As reported previously^(7)), weight, length, head and chest circumferences of these infants were good, and overall growth status was not significantly different by feeding methods, but weight, weight velocity and chest circumference of formula-fed infants were higher than breast-feds at 3 month, significantly. Here, the triceps skinfold thickness of infants at 1, 2, and 3 postpartum months were 7.4, 9.5 and 10.5 ㎜, respectively. The triceps skinfold thickness of breast-fed infants were higher than formula-feds at 1 and 2 postpartum month, but at 3 month, that of formula-fed infants was greater than breast-fed infants, insignificantly. The subscapular skinfold thickness of infants were 6.4, 9.2 and 10.6 ㎜ at 1 to 3 postpartum months, respectively. The upper arm circumference of infants were 11.7, 13.4, 14.3㎝, and the arm muscle diameter were 34.5, 39.3 and 41.7㎝ at one to three postpartum months, respectively. The upper arm circumference of male infants was higher than females at 2, 3 postpartum months. Overall, there were no significant differences between feeding methods in triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, upper arm circumference and arm muscle diameter. But 3-month-old formula-fed male infants showed bigger significantly in arm circumference than the breast-feds. From this survey, long-term survey on growth and body composition of large scales might be necessary to determine the effect of feeding methods of infants after 3 months and to set proper body composition standard for infant.
Kim, Nam-Hee,Park, You-Mie,Jeong, Eun-Sook,Kim, Chang-Soo,Jeoung, Min-Kyo,Kim, Kyoung-Soon,Hong, Seung-Hwa,Son, Jong-Keun,Hong, Jin-Tae,Park, Il-Young,Moon, Dong-Cheul 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.10
An immunoglobulin (IgG) preparation with micro-amount of histamine fixed on the active protein fraction has been used to increase the resistance to allergic reactions. However, excessive histamine may cause hypo- or hypertension, headache, or anaphylactic shock and so the histamine content of the drug is strictly controlled by a regulation: $0.15{\mu}g$ of histamine dihydrochloride is allowed for 12 mg of immunoglobulin. In this study, a liquid chromatographic method to determine micro-amount of histamine in the pharmaceutical was developed and validated. This method include a sample cleanup by a solid phase extraction (SPE) using a polystyrenedivinyl benzene (PS-DVB) polymeric sorbent and high-performance liquid chromatography after precolumn fluorescent labeling of the histamine with o-phthaldialdehyde. The drug sample was loaded to the SPE cartridge after adjusting to pH 9.5. After successive washings of the cartridge with water and 30% aqueous methanol, histamine was then eluted with 100 mM sodium acetate (pH 9.5)-methanol (20:80, v/v). An aliquot from the eluate was labeled with 0phthaldialdehyde-mercaptoethanol (OPA-ME) for fluorescence detection at the excitation maximum of 340 nm and emission maximum of 450 nm. HPLC analysis was performed on a phenyl-hexyl column with an acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8; $50{\mu}M$) (35:65, v/v) as the mobile phase. The retention times of histamine and 3-methylhistamine (IS) were approximately 7.2 and 9.5 min, respectively. The quantitation range was between 0.01-0.2 mg/mL of histamine showing good linearity (r=0.9996). This analytical method would provide a potential mean for the strict control of histamine content in the pharmaceutical product.
PARK, SUN HEE,KIM, KYU-WON,LEE, YONG SOO,BAEK, JIN HYEN,KIM, MYOUNG SOOK,LEE, YOU MIE,LEE, MI SOOK,KIM, YUNG-JIN 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2001 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.17 No.-
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor that plays a central role in angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of VEGF expression in HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells under hypoglycemia. The shortage of glucose significantly enhanced VEGF mRMA expression in a time-dependent manner as well as increased DNA-binding activity of AP-1 that plays an important role in VEGF transcription. In addition, treatment of a potent PKC inhibitor, H-7 in glucose-deprived HepG2 cells suppressed hypoglycemia-elevated VEGF expression as well as the increased AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Moreover, we observed that Ca^2+ levels remarkably increased under low glucose condition. Consistently, an intracellular Ca^2+ chelator, BAPTA/AM significantly decreased hypoglycemia-induced VEGF expression and AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Therefore, these results indicate that increase of intracellular Ca^2+ level induces the activation of PKC, which induce the activation of AP-1 leading to the increase of VEGF in glucose-deprived environment. Furthermore, it provides ond link in regulation of VEGF with hypoglycemia as well as information to understand how hypoglycemia induces VEGF expression and subsequently leads to tumor angiogenesis.
Kim, Kyung-Min,Yim, Kyeong-Sook,Choi, Hay-Mie Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 1995 Toxicological Research Vol.11 No.2
This paper examines the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (p/s) ratios and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the hepatic microsomaI mixed-function oxidase sy. stem in 2~acetylaminofiuorene (2-AAF) treated rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed the diet of beef tallow (p/s 0.08), beef tallow plus soybean oil (p/s 1.0), and soybean oil (p/s 4.0) at the level of 15%fat and with or without 0.3% BHT. After 2-AAF was injected twice at the ages of 23 and 27 weeks, cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, cytochrome P450, cytochrome $b_5$, NADPH-cytochrome $b_5$, and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity were measured from isolated hepatic microsomal fractions. In the beef tallow (p/s 0.08) and beef tallow plus soybean oil (p/s 1.0) groups, cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio showed decreasing tendency by 2-AAF and BHT. Cytochrome P-450 content was decreased in the group of soybean oil (p/s 4.0) and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity was increased by 2-AAF and BHT in all the dietary groups. While TBARS levels were increased by 2-AAF in all the dietary groups, they were reduced by BHT in the soybean oil (p/s 4.0) group. These results suggest that long term intake of soybean oil (p/s 4.0) diet induced changes in the nature of microsomal membrane and induced less cytochrome P-450, low level feeding of BHT increased cytochrome c reductase activity and lowered microsomal lipid peroxidation levels, which were increased by 2-AAF treatment.
김송자,김미영,김인숙 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1987 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.12 No.1
In nowadays the increasing hysterectomies, which are known to Practise the malignant aetionare to the adulthood mental health, shows the need for the Psychological reasssurance and educaiion to the menopausal women. So that, this study was done for the Purpose of analyzing the difference of mental health between the artificial and natural menopause. And the hypothesis was that the artificial menopause is more dangerous than the natural menopause in the Perspective of the mental health. The instruments used for this study were the Knowledge about the Menopause, the Attitudes toward the Menopause, and the Menopause, and the Mental Health during the Menopause. The subjects for this study were 87 artificially menopaused women who have experienced hysterectomy in Chosun University Hospital and 149 naturally menopaused women who dwelled in the part of Lwang-ju city, Song-jeong city, and Bohn-yang myun. Data were collected from Aug. 3 to Aug. 26, 1986, by means of questionare during a home visiting. The analysis of data were done through the S.P.S.S. Program by the use of X²-Test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study wer as follows ; 1) Regarding the hypothesis, the difference of the mental health between the artificial and the natural menopause was conspicuous in dimensions of mental health. In comparative analysis of 9 psychological dimensions, the artificial menopauses were more dangerous than the natural menopauses in every dimensions and especially the differences, of degree was statistically significant in interpersonal. Sensitivity(t=8.08, P<.05), depression(t=4.85, P<.05), anxiety(t=4.30, P<.05), hostility(t=3.30, P<.05), phobia(t=5.67, P<.05), paranoia(t=3.20, P<.05) and psychoticism(t=4.99, P<.05). So that, the hypothesis, that the artificially menopaused women is more dangerous than the naturally monopaused women in mental health, was very significantly positive. 2) The relationship of the degree of Knowledge about the menopause and the mental health of menopausal woman was not statistically significant as the type of menopause(artificial : r=.0216, P>.05, natural : r=.0071, P>.05), and also the relationship of this was not statistically significant as the whole subjects. (r=.0403, P>.05). 3) The relationship of the attitude toward the manopausal symptoms and the mental health of menopausal women were not statistically significant as the type of menopause.(artificial : r=.0617, P>.05, natural : .0211, P>.05). But in the whole subjects, there was a significant relationship of this. (r=.1609, P<.05). The findings of this study can contribute to the nursing intervention to help menopausal women adjust themselves to the adulthood mental health and to the prevention of the menopausal symptoms. Concludely, many women should be advised, now that the menopause is not a disease, to refurbish their inimical metaphor toward the menopause and the nurse should be in the strategic position between the physician and their husbands to reassure and educate them.