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도시거주자의 혈중 카드뮴 농도와 간 및 신장 기능과의 상관성 평가
김호현,임영욱,임종한,양지연,신동천 한국환경독성학회 2003 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.18 No.1
The possibility that liver and kidney function is adversely affected by current levels of environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd) as investigated in adult men and women in the general population in Seoul. From February to August in 2001, blood and morning spot urine samples were collected from 136 not occupationally exposed group (age range 20~75 years) at 4 survey sites throughout Seoul. Liver and kidney function parameters in serum and urine were examined by conventional methods. The questionnaire included factors, i.e. sex, age, smoking, alcohol, diet habit etc. The geometric mean values for Cd in blood (Cd-B) were 1.43 μg/l. It seemed prudent to conclude that liver and kidney function as not disturbed by the current environmental exposure to Cd in study.
조직학적 진단된 chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis 2예
김연숙,정숙인,기현균,김춘관,김신우,한정호,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1
CNPA는 기존의 폐질환 및 폐절제술로 인해 국소방어기전에 저하가 있거나 비특이적 전신면역상태저하를 갖고 있는 환자들에게서 주로 발생하는 만성적인 공동성 폐질환이다. 현재까지 우리나라에서는 CNPA의 보고가 없는 상태이고, 저자들은 최근 조직학적으로 진단된 CNPA 2예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 저자들이 경험한 CNPA 환자들은 만성알코올 중독 및 기관지확장증과 같은 기저질환과 폐절제술을 받은 병력이 있었다. Aspergillus가 폐실질을 침윤하고 있는 조직소견과 조직배양에서 Aspergillus가 검출되어 조직학적 진단이 가능하였고, amphotericin B의 정주요법 및 경구 itraconazole 투여와 폐절제술 등으로 성공적으로 치료되었다. 아직 많은 임상의들에게는 낯선 질환인 CNPA의 치료성적은 환자의 동반질환 및 CNPA 자체의 중증도, 진단과 치료 시작의 지연 등에 의해 크게 좌우되므로 만성적으로 진행하는 공동성 폐병변을 갖고 있는 환자에게서 CNPA를 감별하는 것이 중요하다. Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (CNPA) is a chronic cavitary form of pulmonary aspergillosis. Dozens of CNPA cases have been reported in patients with systemic immunologic dysfunction or altered local defense mechanism from preexisting pulmonary disease. Review of literatures revealed that no CNPA cases have been reported in Korea yet. We experienced two cases of CNPA proven by lung biopsy. A 53-year-old alcoholic male in poor nutritional state was admitted with generalized weakness and weight loss. Chest CT revealed a cavitary nodule surrounded with ground-glass attenuation. CT-guided fine needle aspiration and biopsy was done. The biopsy specimen demonstrated dichotomously branching septated hyphae consistent with those of Aspergillus sp. Another case was a 39-year-old man with bronchiectasis who was admitted with persistent hemoptysis. He had a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis. A parahilar lesion with intracavitary soft tissue mass was incidentally detected in high-resolution GT. Left lingular segmentectomy was done due to uncontrolled hemoptysis and CNPA was histologically diagnosed. Both patients were successfully treated with intravenous amphotericin B followed by oral itraconazole. Even though CNPA is unfamiliar to most clinicians, it should be included in differential diagnoses of chronic progressive cavitary pulmonary lesion, especially in patients with immunologic dysfunction.
신현정(Hyun Joung Shin), 이송이(Song Yi Lee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.9
목적 중학교 1학년 학생이 인식하는 좋은 교사에 대한 주관적 인식 유형과 특성을 확인하기 위함이다. 방법 본 연구에서는 개인의 주관적 인식을 이해하고 구조화하는데 적합한 Q방법론을 활용하였다. 중학교 1학년학생 20명을 P표본으로 선정하여 40개의 Q표본을 11점 척도의 정규분포에 분류하도록 하였고, 수집된 자료는 PC-QUANL 프로그램을 활용하여 분석하였다. 결과 중학교 1학년 학생이 인식하는 좋은 교사 유형은 4가지 유형으로 추출되었다. 제1유형은 「균형 중시형」으로 학습과 휴식의 균형을 중시하는 교사를 선호하는 유형, 제2유형은 「성장 중시형」으로 학생의 성장과 발전을 지원하는 교사를 선호하는 유형, 제3유형은 「인격 존중형」으로 학생의 인격을 존중하는 교사를 선호하는 유형, 제4유형은 「전문성 중시형」으로 전문성을 갖추고 수업을 중시하는 교사를 선호하는 유형으로 나타났다. 결론 본 연구 결과는 중학교 1학년 학생이 인식하는 좋은 교사의 요소가 될 수 있다. 이를 통해 교사들에게 바람직한 교사상에 대해 인식할 수 있는 기회를 제공하고, 학교에서 교사가 좋은 교사로 발전하는 데 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Objectives The purpose of this study is to identify the subjective perception types and characteristics of a good teacher among first-year middle school students. Methods In this study, Q methodology was used to understand and structure individual subjective perceptions. A total of 20 first-year middle school students were selected as P samples and classified into 40 Q samples according to a normal distribution of an 11-point scale. The collected data was analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. Results Four types of good teacher perception were extracted among first-year middle school students. Type 1 was a “balance-oriented” type, preferring teachers who emphasize balance between learning and rest. Type 2 was a “growth-oriented” type, preferring teachers who support student growth and development. Type 3 was a “personality-respectful” type, preferring teachers who respect students' personalities. Type 4 was a “professionalism-oriented” type, preferring teachers who have expertise and emphasize their lessons. Conclusions The results of this study could serve as factors for what makes a good teacher, as perceived by first-year middle school students. This could provide teachers with an opportunity to recognize desirable teacher qualities and could be used as foundational material for teachers to develop into good teachers within the school system.
Case Reports : A case of Leukemoid reaction in a patient with sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma
( Hyun Phil Shin ),( Jung Won Jeon ),( Jae Jun Park ),( Jae Myung Cha ),( Kwang Ro Joo ),( Joung Il Lee ),( Gou Young Kim ),( So Young Kang ) 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3
A leukemoid reaction is defined as reactive leukocytosis exceeding 50,000/mm3, with a significant increase in early neutrophil precursors, and can be a paraneoplastic manifestation of various malignant tumors. A 71-year-old male patient complained of decreased appetite, fatigue, and abdominal fullness. He had a palpable, firm liver, and laboratory investigations suggested leukemoid reaction. Liver dynamic computed tomography revealed a hypervascular mass, and an ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the mass confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a sarcomatoid component. The leukocyte count of the patient had increased to 147,800/mm3, and he died 10 days after admission. This is a rare case of leukemoid reaction in a patient with sarcomatous HCC. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:226-228)