시뮬레이션 게임 학습의 이론적인 고찰

芮庚熙 청주대학교 학술연구소 2004 淸大學術論集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to understand the theory of game and simulation to our geography teacher in Korea. 1. The contents of study are below: (1) A theoretical basis of simulation game: (a) The advantages of model, (b) The types of simulations. (2) The merits and dangers of simulation, game and simulation game. (3) The construction of game and simulation. 2. The results of study are as below: (1) The types of simulation: (a) John Fien, Robert Herschell and John Hodgkinsonsimulation, educational simulation, role play, simulation game. (b) K. Blachfordrole play, operational game, simulation game. (c) J. L. Taylor- case studies, in-basket method or in-tray method, incident process, role playing, gaming simulation, machine or computer simulation. (d) Rex Walford- role play, operational game, mathematical model. (2) The advantages of model: (a) deeper understanding, (b) more sense of the real world, (c) better retrieval in the memory, (d) transfer of essential knowledge from one situation to a similar one. (3) The dangers of simulation, game and simulation game must be considered. (4) Building simulation and game: · Step 1: Identify the basic concept or process which it is desired to illuminate. · Step 2: Define the context and scope of the simulation. · Step 3: Locate the nature of the proposed simulation in respects of (a) Practical equipment, (b) Personal contribution, (c) Competitiveness. · Step 4: Identify the participants in the simulation. · Step 5: Define the objectives of the participants. · Step 6: Define the interaction process in the simulation. · Step 7: Transform participants, objectives and interaction into a game reality. · Step 8: Add constraints and framework to the game reality. · Step 9: Draw up the rules of the game. · Step 10: Compare the developed game to reality. (5) The geography teachers need to strive in order to use the merits rather than dangers of simulation and game in secondary school classroom of Korea.

시뮬레이션 프리브리핑 사전학습이 간호대생의 시뮬레이션 교육 만족도에 미치는 영향

김미영,박수현 한국간호시뮬레이션학회 2018 한국간호시뮬레이션학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of pre-briefing in simulation-based learning on nursing students’ satisfaction with simulation. Method: A quasi-experimental post-test study was applied with 174 senior nursing students at a private university in South Korea. The experimental group (n=88) underwent a pre-briefing program, whereas the control group (n=86) did not. During pre-briefing, students had time to study simulation scenarios, discuss nursing processes related to simulation scenarios, and experience a simulation environment before simulation practice. Satisfaction scores were measured using the Satisfaction with Simulation Experience scale(SSE). Results: The mean scores in satisfaction with simulation were higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-4.23, p<.001). Conclusion: This study emphasizes that pre-briefing in simulation-based learning is important in increasing students’ satisfaction and should be included in the planning of simulation-based learning programs.

화재시뮬레이션

김상문(Sang Moon Kim),윤상열(Sang Youl Yoon),김경천(Kyung Chun Kim) 한국가시화정보학회 2006 한국가시화정보학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Fire simulation has been developed for decades to analyze fire cases and provide a tool to study fundamental fire dynamics and combustion. There are three way of fire simulation which are a full scale simulation, an experimental simulation and a computational simulation. In case of a full scale simulation, because a higher cost, a higher risk, more efforts are needed, a demand for it has been decreased. But recently a demand for an experimental simulation and a computational simulation has been increased. A computational simulation has several advantages; lower cost, short period, many case studies, more visual results, a quantitative result and etc. FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator) which has been developed in BFRL (Building and Fire Research Laboratory), NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology) is a popular world wide code for fire simulation. Lack of accurate predictions by the model could lead to erroneous conclusions with regard to fire safety. All results should be evaluated by the informed judgment of the qualified user.

3D 시뮬레이션 콘텐츠 설계 및 개발

배재환,정영호 차세대컨버전스정보서비스학회 2019 디지털예술공학멀티미디어논문지 Vol.6 No.1

Simulation is a simulation. More precisely, in order to solve complex problems, it is necessary to solve the experiment by the model or the social phenomenon, and to simulate the characteristics by simulating the actual state similar to the actual state. The simulation is somewhat different from the academic field and the meanings used by the general public. The public is famous for simulation games, driving simulators, railway simulations, and flight simulations that aircraft pilots use to practice steering. However, the original meaning of the simulation is different. The simulation is to find the optimal solution by statistically repeating it by infinitely many times after realizing the necessary parts according to the research purpose. In this paper, we designed and developed the Unity3D API, which is a public SW software for 3D simulation contents, on a server basis using C # and html5 languages. We also developed a simulator system using Raspberry pie for interworking H / W simulator in the future. Through this, we intend to help develop domestic game and 3D simulation contents industry. 시뮬레이션(Simulation)은 모의실험이라는 뜻이다. 더욱 정확하게는 복잡한 문제를 해석하기 위하여 모델에 의한 실험, 또는 사회현상 등을 해결하는 데서 실제와 비슷한 상태를 수식 등으로 만들어 모의적으로 연산을 되풀이하여 그 특성을 파악하는 일. 시뮬레이션은 학문적인 분야와 일반인들 사이에서 사용되는 의미에서 다소 차이가 있다. 일반인들에게는 시뮬레이션 게임과 운전 시뮬레이션 장치와 철도 시뮬레이션, 항공기 조종사들이 조종을 연습하기 위해 사용하는 비행 시뮬레이션이 유명하다. 하지만 시뮬레이션의 원래 의미는 이와 차이가 있다. 시뮬레이션은 연구목적에 따라 필요한 부분을 현실에 맞게 구현한 후 이것을 무한에 가까울 정도로 수없이 반복하여 통계적으로 최적 해를 찾아내는 것이다. 이번 논문에서는 3D 시뮬레이션 콘텐츠를 공개 SW인 Unity3D API를 C# 및 html5 언어를 이용해서, 서버기반으로 설계 및 개발 하였다. 또한 향후 H/W 시뮬레이터 연동을 위한 라즈베리 파이를 이용한 시뮬레이터 시스템을 개발 하였다. 이를 통해서 국내 게임 및 3D 시뮬레이션 콘텐츠 산업 발전에 도움이 되고자 한다.

국내 보건의료분야 시뮬레이션 실습교육 현황

김가은,김영주,나윤희,송주은,윤유상 한국의료시뮬레이션학회 2023 한국의료시뮬레이션학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Background: This study aimed to investigate the current status of simulation-based education in the Korean healthcare system. Methods: A survey was conducted by a dedicated faculty or staff from 56 different simulation centers throughout the country. The questionnaire consisted of the institutional overview (five questions), simulation-based education environment (nine questions), human resources related to simulation training (six questions), simulation curriculum (nine questions), and other opinions (seven questions) sections. Results: Of the 281 universities with medicine, nursing, or paramedicine departments, 56 (19.9%) participated in the survey. Most institutions had high-fidelity simulators, independent simulation facilities, and audio-video systems necessary for simulation recording. However, the number of human resources dedicated to simulation was low and there was a shortage of professional human resources with experience in simulation. Conclusion: To develop healthcare simulation in Korea, it is necessary to focus on faculty competency development, human resource support, as well as the standardization of educational programs and evaluation methods.

An Automatic Simulation Technique for UML State Machine Diagrams based on Abstract Scenarios in Sequence Diagrams

곽휘(Hui Guo),이우진(Woo Jin Lee) 한국정보과학회 2009 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.36 No.6

시스템 개발 초기 단계에 시스템의 기능적 요구사항이 제대로 반영되었는지를 검사하기 위해 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용한다. 일반적으로 시뮬레이션은 순차도에 나타난 추상적 시나리오를 바탕으로 상태머신을 직접 또는 랜덤으로 수행하는 행태로 진행된다. 시뮬레이션은 분석자가 직접 수행해야 하므로 많은 시간과 노력이 소요된다. 이 논문에서는 순차도 기반의 상태 머신의 시뮬레이션의 자동화 기법을 제공한다. 일반적으로 순차도와 상태머신의 추상화 레벨이 달라서 순차도에서 상세 시뮬레이션 트레이스를 추출하기가 쉽지 않다. 이 연구에서는 상태 머신을 LTS 모델로 변환하여 합성적 분석, 트랜지션 축약 등의 분석 방법을 적용하여 순차도와 동일한 추상화 레벨로 변환한 다음, 시나리오 포함여부를 검사한 후 해당시나리오의 상세 시뮬레이션 트레이스를 생성한다. 이러한 시뮬레이션 트레이스는 순차도에 기술된 시나리오를 기반으로 시뮬레이션을 자동으로 수행할 뿐만 아니라, 특정 시스템 상태까지 자동 시뮬레이션할 수 있으므로 시뮬레이션을 효율적으로 진행할 수 있다. In an earlier development phase, the simulation technique is one of the key analysis methods for checking the correctness of system’s functional requirements. In general, simulation is manually or randomly performed by executing state machine diagrams according to the abstract requirement scenarios. Therefore, simulation is one of the most effort-consuming tasks. In this paper, an automatic simulation technique of state machine diagrams is provided according to the abstract scenarios of the sequence diagrams. It is not easy to generate detailed simulation traces from sequence diagrams due to different abstraction levels between sequence diagrams and state machine diagrams. In order to adjust for different abstraction levels, state machine diagrams and sequence diagrams are transformed into LTS models and compositional analysis and transition reduction are performed. After checking behavior conformance between them, detailed simulation traces for the state machine diagrams are generated. These simulation traces are used not only for performing automatic simulation but also for assisting analyzers to reach a specific system state in order to guide further efficient simulation.

컴파일방식 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용한 ASIP 어셈블리 시뮬레이터의 성능 향상

김호영,김탁곤 한국시뮬레이션학회 2003 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.2

This paper presents a retargetable compiled assembly simulation technique for fast ASIP(application specific instruction processor) simulation. Development of ASIP which satisfies design requirements in various fields of applications such as telecommunication, wireless network, etc. needs formal design methodology and high-performance relevant software environments such as compiler and simulator In this paper, we employ the architecture description language(ADL) named ${HiXR}^2$ to automatically synthesize an instruction-level compiled assembly simulator. A compiled simulation has benefit of time efficiency to interpretive one because it performs instruction fetching and decoding at compile time. Especially, in case of assembly simulation, instruction decoding is usually a time-consuming job(string operation), so the compiled simulation of assembly simulation is more efficient than that of binary simulation. Performance improvement of the compiled assembly simulation based on ${HiXR}^2$ is exemplified with an ARM9 architecture and a CalmRISC32 architecture. As a result, the compiled simulation is about 150 times faster than interpretive one.

통계적 기계학습 기술을 이용한 시뮬레이션 결과 예측 시스템 개발

이기용 ( Ki Yong Lee ),신윤재 ( Yoonjae Shin ),최연정 ( Yeonjeong Choe ),김선정 ( Seonjeong Kim ),서영균 ( Young-kyoon Suh ),사정환 ( Jeong Hwan Sa ),이종숙 ( Jongsuk Luth Lee ),조금원 ( Kum Won Cho ) 한국정보처리학회 2016 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.5 No.11

컴퓨터 시뮬레이션은 전산유쳬역학, 나노 물리, 계산화학, 구조 동역학, 전산설계 등 여러 계산과학공학 분야에서 시스템의 움직임을 예측하기 위해 널리 사용되고 있다. 하지만 시뮬레이션의 정밀도와 복잡도가 점점 증가함에 따라 시뮬레이션을 수행하는 비용 역시 크게 증가하고 있다. 따라서 시뮬레이션의 수행비용을 줄이는 것은 특히 입력 변수들의 값을 변화시켜가며 시뮬레이션을 반복적으로 수행하는 경우, 시뮬레이션수행 시간 단축을 위해 매우 중요하다. 본 논문은 어떤 시뮬레이션의 수행이 요청되었을 때, 해당 시뮬레이션을 실제로 수행하지 않고도 기존에 수행된 시뮬레이션의 결과를 저장하여 이전에 획득되거나 혹은 예측된 결과를 반환하는 시스템을 개발한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서 개발된 시스템은 크게 다음 2가지 기능을 제공한다: (1) 수행이 완료된 시뮬레이션의 결과를 데이터베이스에 저장하는 기능, (2) 사용자가 요청한 시뮬레이션의 결과를 통계적 기계학습 기술을 사용하여 예측하는 기능. 본 논문에서 개발한 예측 시스템의 예측 성능을 실제 유체역학 시뮬레이션데이터를 사용하여 평가한 결과, 출력변수에 따라 0.9%의 매우 낮은 평균 예측 오차율을 보였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 시스템을 통하여 사용자들은 계산 및 저장 자원에 큰 부하를 주는 시뮬레이션을 실제 수행하지 않고도, 수행을 원하는 시뮬레이션의 결과를 빠르게 예측해 볼 수 있다. Computer simulation is widely used in a variety of computational science and engineering fields, including computational fluid dynamics, nano physics, computational chemistry, structural dynamics, and computer-aided optimal design, to simulate the behavior of a system. As the demand for the accuracy and complexity of the simulation grows, however, the cost of executing the simulation is rapidly increasing. It, therefore, is very important to lower the total execution time of the simulation especially when that simulation makes a huge number of repetitions with varying values of input parameters. In this paper we develop a simulation service system that provides the ability to predict the result of the requested simulation without actual execution for that simulation: by recording and then returning previously obtained or predicted results of that simulation. To achieve the goal of avoiding repetitive simulation, the system provides two main functionalities: (1) storing simulation-result records into database and (2) predicting from the database the result of a requested simulation using statistical machine learning techniques. In our experiments we evaluate the prediction performance of the system using real airfoil simulation result data. Our system on average showed a very low error rate at a minimum of 0.9% for a certain output variable. Using the system any user can receive the predicted outcome of her simulation promptly without actually running it, which would otherwise impose a heavy burden on computing and storage resources.

천식 아동 간호에 대한 가상현실 시뮬레이션과 블렌디드 시뮬레이션 교육 효과

김미강,김성희,이우숙 한국아동간호학회 2019 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a virtual reality simulation and a blended simulation on nursing care for children with asthma through an evaluation of critical thinking, problem-solving processes, and clinical performance in both education groups before and after the educational intervention. Methods: The participants were 48 nursing students. The experimental group (n=22) received a blended simulation, combining a virtual reality simulation and a high-fidelity simulation, while the control group (n=26) received only a virtual reality simulation. Data were collected from February 25 to 28, 2019 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows. Results: The pretest and posttest results of each group showed statistically significant improvements in critical thinking, problem-solving processes, and clinical performance. In a comparison of the resultsof the two education groups, the only statistically significant difference was found for critical thinking. Conclusion: Simulationbased education in child nursing has continued to involve high-fidelity simulations that are currently run in many programs. However, incorporating a new type of blended simulation, combining a virtual reality simulation and a high-fidelity simulation, into the nursing curriculum may contribute to the further development of nursing education.

심적 시뮬레이션 유형과 조절모드와의 조절 적합성이 심적 시뮬레이션 활성화와 심적 시뮬레이션의 활성화를 유발하는 광고의 효과에 미치는 영향

권익현 ( Kwon Ickhyun ),이진석 ( Lee Jin Suk ) 한국소비자학회 2016 소비자학연구 Vol.27 No.4

본 연구에서는 상황적(situationally)으로 활성화되는 심적 시뮬레이션(mental simulation) 유형과 개인의 기질적인(chronic) 조절모드(regulatory mode) 성향 사이의 조화(match-up)에 의한 조절 적합성(regulatory fit)의 효과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 구체적으로 첫째, 활성화되는 심적 시뮬레이션 유형과 개인의 조절모드 성향과의 조절 적합성이 심적 시뮬레이션이 활성화되는 정도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았고, 둘째, 광고가 유발하는 심적 시뮬레이션 유형과 광고에 노출된 소비자의 개인적 조절모드 성향 사이의 조절 적합성이 해당 광고의 설득 효과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 가설 1에서는 결과 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션은 이동모드 성향이 강한 사람에게서 더 원활하게 활성화되고, 과정 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션은 평가모드 성향이 강한 사람에게서 더 원활하게 활성화 될 것으로 예상하였고, 가설 2에서는 결과 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션을 유발하는 광고는 이동모드 성향이 강한 사람에게 더 설득적이고, 과정 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션을 유발하는 광고는 평가모드 성향이 높은 사람에게 더 설득적일 것으로 예상하였다. 가설 검증을 위하여 실험 연구를 실시하였다. 실험 연구는 동일한 대상으로 두 개의 실험을 연이어서 진행하였다. 첫 번째 실험은 가설 1의 검증을 위하여 2(조절모드: 이동모드/평가모드)*2(심적 시뮬레이션 활성화 조작: 과정 중심/결과 중심)의 집단간 실험설계를, 가설 2의 검증을 위한 두 번째 실험은 2(조절모드: 이동모드/평가모드)*2(광고가 유발하는 심적 시뮬레이션 유형: 과정 중심/결과 중심)의 집단 간 실험 설계를 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 조작된 심적 시뮬레이션의 활성화 정도는 그 유형과 개인의 조절모드 성향과의 조절 적합성에 따라 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 가설에 제시된 것과 같이 결과 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션은 이동모드 성향의 사람에게서, 과정 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션은 평가모드 성향의 사람에게서 더 원활하게 활성화되는 것으로 나타났다(가설 1지지). 또한 결과 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션을 유발하는 광고에 대해서는 이동모드 성향의 사람이 더 긍정적으로 반응하지만, 과정 중심의 심적 시뮬레이션을 활성화 시키는 광고에서는 두 집단 간 차이가 유의미하게 나타나지 않아서 가설 2는 제한적으로 지지됨을 확인하였다. The study investigated the regulatory fit between situationally activated mental simulation types and individuals` chronic regulatory mode. Firstly, the study examined differences in the extent of activation of mental simulations with regulatory fit and without regulatory fit. Secondly, the study also investigated the effect of regulatory fit between mental simulation type situationally activated by advertisements and chronic regulatory mode on advertising effectiveness. Hypotheses 1 expected that outcome-focused mental simulation would be activated more effectively for locomotion-oriented people than for assessment-oriented people, and process- focused mental simulation would be activated more effectively for assessment-oriented people. In Hypotheses 2, We expected that the advertisement inducing outcome-focused mental simulation would be more effective to locomotion-oriented people, and assessment-oriented people would respond more positively to the advertisement inducing process-focused mental simulation. Research results showed that hypotheses 1 was supported statistically. As expected, outcome- focused mental simulation was activated more by subjects with stronger locomotion-orientation, and process-focused mental simulation was activated more by assessment mode people. However, hypotheses 2 was marginally supported. The advertisement activating outcome-focused mental simulation was more effective for locomotion-oriented subjects than assessment-oriented subjects, but there was no difference in effectiveness of process focused advertisement between assessment-oriented subjects and locomotion-oriented subjects.