Booking.com과 삼성제약 사건을 중심으로 살펴본 수요자 인식에 대한 증거로서의 소비자 설문조사

박운정 사법발전재단 2021 사법 Vol.1 No.56

우리나라 상표소송에서도 설문조사는 유용한 증거자료로 활용되고 있다. 그러나 설문조사의 객관적 타당성과 신뢰성이 없다고 판단되어 받아들여지지 않는 경우가 다수 있고, 삼성제약 주식회사의 등록상표를 다룬 최근 특허법원 2020. 9. 24. 선고 2020허11, 28, 35 판결(확정)에서도 설문조사 문항이 응답자를 유도하고 있다거나, 모집단이 적절하게 설정되지 않았고, 등록상표와 다른 이미지를 제시하여 설문을 실시하였다는 등의 이유로 설문조사 증거가 등록상표가 선사용상표 및 선등록상표들과 혼동을 일으킬 우려가 있다는 원고 주장을 뒷받침하지 않는다고 판단하였다. 한편 2020. 6. 30. 미국 연방대법원에서는 ‘BOOKING.COM’이 보통명칭이 아닌 기술적 표장에 해당하고, 사용에 의한 식별력을 취득하여 등록될 수 있다고 판단하였는데, 그 중심에는 심결 이후에도 새로운 주장 및 증거 제출을 가능하게 하는 15 U.S.C. § 1071조(b) 절차의 활용과 이를 바탕으로 연방지방법원 단계에서 새롭게 실시한 설문조사가 있었다. 출원인은 상세히 설계된 설문조사를 통해 관련 수요자들은 출원상표를 보통명칭으로 인식하지 않음을 증명하였고, 재판과정에서 설문조사의 유효성에 대한 공격도 있었으나 이 역시 성공적으로 방어하여, 결과적으로 심결 단계에서는 보통명칭으로 판단되었던 출원상표가 등록을 받을 수 있게 되었다. 위의 두 판결과 함께 사건에서 다루어진 실제 설문조사 내용을 검토함으로써 설문조사의 객관적 타당성 및 신뢰성 담보에 필요한 주요 요건을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 (1) 지정상품의 일반 수요자를 대표하는 모집단 설정, (2) 응답자를 일정 방향으로 유도하지 않는 객관적·중립적 문항 설계, (3) 적절한 설문대상의 제시가 핵심적이라 하겠고, 이와 함께 설문조사를 수행하는 자의 전문성과 설문결과의 정확한 해석, 설문조사의 실시 시점 등 역시 중요하게 작용함을 알 수 있다. 이러한 요건을 염두에 두고 설문조사를 설계 및 수행한다면 더욱 바람직한 소송실무를 형성할 수 있을 것이다. Surveys can play a critical role in trademark litigation. Unfortunately, they are often rejected by the courts as lacking objective reasonableness and credibility. A good example was the surveys in the recent Samsung Pharmaceutical case, where the Patent Court of Korea held on September 24, 2020 that the survey evidence, submitted to support the plaintiff’s argument that the registered trademark was likely to cause confusion with prior-used marks and prior-registered marks, had little weight because the questions were leading, the survey universe was not appropriately set, and different images other than the registered trademark were used. Meanwhile, the U.S. Supreme Court held on June 30, 2020 that “BOOKING.COM” was not generic but descriptive, and was therefore registrable based on the acquired distinctiveness. At the center of this victory for Booking.com B.V. were 15 U.S.C. § 1071(b), which allowed the applicant to submit new argument and evidence after the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB) procedure, and the consumer survey accordingly conducted at the district court level. The applicant used the survey to show that the relevant consumers did not perceive the mark as generic, and successfully defended attacks on the validity of the survey. As a result, the mark that was ruled generic by the TTAB was held registrable. Reviewing the above cases along with actual survey questions would provide better understanding on the criteria to ensure objectively reasonable and credible surveys. In particular, they can be summarized as: (1) a universe that fairly represents the general public in relation to the designated goods, (2) objective and neutral questions that do not lead the respondents, and (3) proper subject of the survey. In addition, the expertise of the person who conducts the survey, accurate interpretation of the result, and the time point when the survey is conducted are also important. Designing and carrying out surveys with these criteria in mind would lead to better litigation practice.

농산물 소득조사에 대한 조사원 인식과 개선방안에 관한 연구

이춘수 ( Lee Choon-soo ),고현석 ( Ko Hyeon-seok ),김홍기 ( Kim Hong-ki ),양성범 ( Yang Sung-bum ) 한국식품유통학회 2018 食品流通硏究 Vol.35 No.2

This study investigates inspectors’ perception on Agriculture Income Survey to improve that. The investigation for inspectors is conducted by dividing two stages : investigation and usage phase. In the investigation phase, i) sampling methods, ii) relevance of survey timing, iii) reliability of the survey, iv) difficulties to survey questions, v) relevance of feedback to sample farms, and vi) improvement measures are investigated. In the usage phase, we survey i) usage experiences, ii) reasons to use or not to use survey results, and iii) measures for enhancing usage. As a results, cooperation of sample farms to survey was urgently needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the survey. Measures to improve farms’ cooperation are like that : i) increase of compensation for sample farms, ii) continuous feedback and performance promotion to them. The survey should be carried out with professional leaders who have lots of experience to enhance the expertise of inspectors and build trust with sample farms. And regular inspector education, sharing survey know-how among inspectors, and hiring more inspector are important too. Improving the accuracy and reliability of Agriculture Income Survey is important to enable usage, and development of survey items that reflect necessity of farms is needed. Finally, for the discovery of higher income crops and the provision of related information, it is necessary to establish an organic partnership among relevant agencies.

대학글쓰기 학습자의 인식 및 선호도 분석

조효주 우리어문학회 2023 우리어문연구 Vol.77 No.-

This research is conducted to investigate and analyze the perceptions and preferences of learners taking writing courses, to track changes in their perceptions of writing, and on the other hand, with the purpose of understanding learners' perceptions in more detail through descriptive questions. The summary of the three surveys and analysis is as follows. In the first survey, 84.99% of the survey subjects saw that writing courses were needed for communication, and the response that writing courses was needed was high at 81.66%. This showed that the general perception about the writing learning of learners was positive. On the other hand, 45% responded that ‘writing was burdensome’, confirming that the burden felt by the learners cannot be ignored. In the second survey, 78.57% of the respondents said that ‘writing skills had improved’, and 66.06% said ‘burden on writing was reduced’. This can be seen as the result of gaining confidence by receiving positive feedback from instructors and peers in several writing exercises. In the third survey, 71.42% answered “yes”, a 33.09% increase compared to the first survey, to the question “Do you have the confidence to complete a piece of writing when given an assignment?”, and to the question ‘Can you express your thoughts in writing?’, 75% answered ‘yes’, a 31.68% increase from the first survey. The reason why learners' self-affirmation increased as so was because their self-efficacy improved by the successful experience achieved during repeated writing practice. ‘Writing’ is a subject that learners take with great burden, and above all, classes should be planned with a deep understanding of learners. Through three surveys and analyzes conducted based on this perception, it was possible to more clearly grasp learners' perceptions and preferences related to writing. These results can be used as references when planning writing classes centered on the learners.

한국인의 ‘신안보’ 인식: 변화와 지속성

이신화,정한울 21세기정치학회 2019 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.29 No.2

The paper intends to examine the change and continuity in Korean people’s new security perception about the 21st century international relations, which are characterized by the era of comprehensive security. Based on the web survey jointly conducted by a Korea University SSK team and Hankook Research, we look at the difference in perception by different classes and groups. Here, Korean new security perception refers to the changes in the security perceptions of Korean people toward North Korea as a result of the process of recent denuclearization negotiations, and the trends in perception of threats to nontraditional security areas. The results of the survey showed that, first, although the Korean people’s perception towards North Korea has been a roller coaster-like sense of security, depending on the change of the threat situation posed by North Korea, it shows consistency in the weariness towards the bilateral relations with Pyongyang and the importance of strengthening the alliance with the U. S. Second, while the awareness of traditional security threats remains high, the threat perception about non-traditional security threats such as the environment, communicable disease, and refugees has conspicuously increased. Third, while the conventional generation divides and ideological gaps are clearly maintained in the traditional security issues, the nontraditional security areas have a disaggregate reaction pattern. These results reflect the fact that the systematic response to security perceptions, which are often fragmented and conflictual, is difficult to conduct through the dichotomous analysis framework of ideology (the progressive vs. the conservative) of ages (younger vs older people).

한.미 이중발화 인식 양상 비교연구

이찬규,이유미 한국어의미학회 2011 한국어 의미학 Vol.35 No.-

The aim of this study is to make comparison the category of doublespeak and to compare the perception of doublespeak between Korean and American. With the aim of comparing the perception of doublespeak between Korean and American, this study used a questionnaire survey, which was conducted targeting a Korean and American twice. The first survey was on awareness of doublespeak, and the second one on perception of doublespeak. The first is preliminary survey for the second survey. The perception aspects of Korean’ & American’ doublespeak confirmed through the second survey result are as follows. First, Both the Korean and American were found to be influenced much by the interpretation of a person around them in case they didn't accurately grasp the meaning of doublespeak. Second, However in case of a Korean, he/she tended to be influenced much by a person around him/her in case he/she accepted its meaning negatively though he/she knew the meaning of a word clearly. Third, In case of accepting the meaning of doublespeak negatively, the Korean was influenced much by a person around him/her while the American had a high tendency to think that the interpretation of a person around him/her distorted the intention of the first speaker. Fourth, Media had an influence on the interpretation of Korean’ & American’ doublespeak. Fifth, In case both people perceived the doublespeak positively, both the Korean and American were more influenced by the interpretation exposed through the press than a person around them. Last, In case both perceived the double utterance negatively, the Korean and American were more influenced by the interpretation of a person around them than the interpretation exposed through the press.

북한이탈주민의 가족관계등록과 중혼문제해소를 위한 법제도 개선방향 -경기도 북한이탈주민 인식조사를 중심으로-

소성규 ( Sung Kyu So ),손경식 ( Gyeong Sig Son ) 한국법정책학회 2011 법과 정책연구 Vol.11 No.2

북한이탈주민의 보호 및 정착지원에 관한 법률상 "북한이탈주민"이란 군사분계선 이북지역에 주소, 직계가족, 배우자, 직장 등을 두고 있는 사람으로서 북한을 벗어난 후 외국 국적을 취득하지 아니한 사람을 말한다. 북한을 이탈하여 우리나라에 입국한 이탈주민은 1990년대 이전까지는 그리 많지 않았으나, 1990년대 말 북한의 경제난 등을 거치면서 그 숫자가 크게 증가하여 한국에 입국한 이탈주민의 수가 2만 명을 넘어섰다. 이처럼 크게 증가하고 있는 북한이탈주민이 대한민국 국민으로서 우리사회에서 인간다운 삶을 영위할 수 있도록 하고, 향후 통일의 주역으로 중요한 역할을 할 수 있도록 하는 것은 우리 모두의 책무이다. 그러나 우리나라에 입국하여 생활하고 있는 북한이탈주민의 상당수는 여러 분야에서 많은 어려움을 겪고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 특히 북한이탈주민들의 숫자가 계속 증가하면서 가족단위의 입국이나 기혼자중 배우자를 북에 두고 입국하는 사람이 많아지면서 가족관련 사항들이 새로운 사회문제로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 북한이탈주민들이 한국사회에서 겪고 있는 가족법분야와 관련된 법률문제 중 기혼자의 재혼에 관한 법규의 문제점 등을 검토하고 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 일반적인 문헌적 고찰과 함께 실증적 고찰방법으로 경기도에 거주하고 있는 북한이탈주민들을 대상으로 인식조사를 실시하고, 그 결과를 분석함으로써 실제 북한이탈주민에게 필요하고 현실적인 개선방안은 무엇인지를 검토해 보았다. 인식조사는 경기도 북한이탈주민 돌봄 상담 센터의 도움을 받아 2011년 2월 말 현재 경기도에 거주하고 있는 북한이탈주민 4,891명 중에서 신분노출을 극도로 꺼리는 이들의 특성을 고려하여 인식조사에 응할 것으로 예상되는 169명을 표본으로 선정하여 면접과 전화 또는 이메일 송수신 방법으로 진행하였다. 인식조사결과 북한이탈주민들의 혼인이나 재혼 욕구는 매우 높았다. 특히 북한에서 혼인한 사람 중 약 80%가 재혼의사를 갖고 있었으나, 우리 민법 제810조의 중혼금지로 인해 합법적인 재혼에 어려움을 겪는 사례가 자주 나타나고 있다. 합법적인 혼인을 위해서는 북 잔존 배우자와 혼인관계 해소가 선행되어야만 한다. 북 잔존배우자와 혼인관계 해소를 위해 2007.1.26 북한이탈주민의 보호 및 정착지원에 관한 법률 제19조의 2를 신설하여 재판상 이혼제도를 도입했다. 그러나 북한이탈주민들은 북 잔존배우자와의 재판상 이혼제도에 대해 매우 부정적인 생각을 갖고 있었다. 한국에 살지도 않는 사람과 허용하고 있는 재판은 형식적이라는 의견이 지배적이다. 북한이탈주민들은 중혼의 원인이 되고 있는 가족관계등록부 기록방식 개선을 원하고 있었다. 응답자의 75.3%가 북한에서의 결혼사실과 배우자 인적사항 등을 무조건 기재하지 않거나 원하는 경우만 기재하여야 한다고 생각하고 있었다. 그러나 가족단위 입국자들의 신분관계 연속 등을 감안할 때 무조건 기재하지 않는 것은 문제의 소지가 있으므로 기재하는 것을 원칙으로 하되 필요할 경우 기록하지 않을 수 있는 예외조항 마련이 필요하다고 본다. 북한에 배우자를 남겨두고 입국한 사람 중 재혼을 희망하는 사람들이 중혼문제로 더 이상 어려움을 겪지 않도록 제도적 보완이 필요하다. 한국 법에 익숙하지 못한 북한이탈주민들이 재판을 통해 소기의 목적을 달성하기란 그리 쉬운 일이 아니라고 생각된다. 따라서 중혼문제의 원인을 제공하고 있는 『대법원 가족관계등록예규 제219호의 개정』을 제안한다. 가족관계등록에 관한 법률 시행에 맞춰 2007년 12월 10일 제정한 대법원 가족관계 등록예규 제219호에 의하면 "보호대상자의 배우자가 북한에 거주하고 있는 경우에는 가족관계 등록부에 혼인사유, 배우자 성명, 출생연월일 및 배우자가 군사분계선 이북지역에 거주하고 있는 취지와 그 거주지를 기록"하도록 하고 있다. 바로 이 규정을 ``당사자가 북한 잔류자와 혼인관계유지를 원하지 않는 경우는 기록하지 않을 수 있도록 예외규정 도입``을 검토해볼만 하다. 물론 장차 남북한 주민의 자유로운 왕래나 남북통일 시 새로운 중혼문제에 봉착할 수 있다는 일부의 우려에도 귀를 기우릴 필요가 있다. 그러나 언제 올지도 모르는 미래의 불확실한 가능성을 이유로 현재의 법률상 고충을 방치하는 것은 국민으로서 당연히 누려야 할 혼인의 권리를 침해할 우려도 제기될 수 있다. 인식조사결과 북한이탈주민들의 혼인에 대한 욕구가 매우 높음을 감안하여 재혼을 원하는 북한이탈주민의 자유로운 혼인보장을 통해 행복한 삶이 실현될 수 있도록 중혼의 원인을 제공하고 있는 가족관계등록방식 개선은 어떤 형태로든 이루어져야 하겠다. 그리고 장기적으로는 현재 정부에서 제정을 추진 중인 가칭 "남북 주민 사이의 가족관계와 상속 등에 관한 특례법"에 북한이탈주민과 관련되는 혼인 등 가족법 분야도 폭넓게 적용할 수 있도록 향후 공론화 과정에서 이에 대한 전향적인 검토를 기대해본다. 급증하고 있는 북한이탈주민들이 더 이상 이방인으로 남지 않고 대한민국 국민이라는 자부심을 갖고 안정적으로 생활할 수 있도록 관련법과 제도보완이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. According to the Protection of Defecting North Korean Residents and Support of Their Settlement Law, "Defecting North Korean residents" mean persons who have their residence, lineal descendants, spouses and work places in North Korea and who have not acquired any foreign nationality after defecting from North Korea. The number of North Korean defectors to South Korea was not big before 1990s. However, after North Koreans suffer economic difficulties during late 1990s, the number of North Korean defectors exceeded 20,000 people. I think it is our responsibility to help North Korean defectors enjoy the rights of human beings and play an important role in reunifying Koreas. But it turns out that almost all of the North Korean defectors who live in South Korea have suffered a lot in many fields of their life. Especially, as more and more North Koreans defectors come to South Korea as family units or after already got they married in North Korea, family related issues from North Korean defectors are emerging. The purpose of this study is to review the problems for North Korean defectors have in the matter of existing marriage and divorce provisions related to the family law area, and to suggest solutions regarding present situation. To achieve this purpose, unlike the previous studies which focused on referring books, an empirical analysis was adopted in this study. As the part of the empirical analysis, a survey on North Korean defectors` perception on living environment in South Korea was conducted and after analyzing the survey, we reviewed how we can help North Koreans defectors effectively and what is a realistic measure to better the life of North Korean defectors in South Korea. The survey was done on 169 chosen North Korean defectors out of 4,891 North Korean defectors who lived in Gyeonggi Province as of late February of 2011 by the help of North Korean defectors Caring & Counseling Center after considering their characteristics of not revealing identities. The survey shows that North Korean defectors have a very strong desire to get married or marry again. Especially, more than 80 percentage people who are already married have an intention to get married again, but according to the South Korea`s civil law of 810 article, committing bigamy is illegal. To have a new marriage life in Korea, North Korean defectors have to end the relationship legally first with the spouses who are left in North Korea. North Korean defectors have a very negative view toward the fact that they can divorce spouses who live in North Korea in South Korean courts, which is possible according to the Protection of Defecting North Korean Residents and Support of Their Settlement Law`s Article 19-2. The prevailing view is that to have a divorce suit with spouses who don`t live in Korea is a mere formality. North Korean defectors ask for the improvement of domestic relations register form which causes committing bigamy. Around 75.3% of North Korean defectors who conducted the survey think they must not be forced to write down about their or their spouses personal information and they can write them down on the domestic relations register only if they want to. However, if we consider the continuity of family status of North Korean defectors who fled to Korea as a family unit, it is desirable, as a rule, for North Korean defectors to write down requested information. But at the same time, to contain an exceptional clause should be needed. It is ascertained that the prejudice level by South Koreans toward North Korean defectors is serious through the survey. 77.9 % of respondents rated South Koreans prejudice toward them as serious or slight serious. So the survey shows that changing South Koreans attitudes toward North Korean defectors is necessary. Desirable direction which was drawn from the survey is that institutional complement is needed so that North Korean defectors who are in Korea don`t have to suffer from the problems of bigamy. My judgement is that it will be very difficult for North Korean defectors who are not accustomed to Korean Law to accomplish the intended goal through trial. The suggestion I would like to bring up is to revise "family registration regulation 219" which causes the problems of bigamy and which was enacted by the Supreme Court. According to the regulation number 219 which was enacted by the Supreme Court on Dec 10, 2007 for the purpose of adapting to a family registration law, if spouses of North Korean defectors live in North Korea, then North Korean defectors must write down the reason for the marriage, name & date of birth, address of spouses and the reason why their spouses live in North Korea. It is worth examining the regulation number 219 if you want an exceptional clause to be contained in the regulation number 219. And the exceptional clause is - if the person directly involved doesn`t want to maintain the marriage relationship with the spouse who live in North Korea, then they don`t have to write down their spouses information. Next, tentatively named "a law covering family relations and inheritance between Residents of South and North Koreas" is being enacted, I hope the issues that my study dealt with, such as marriage and divorce related to the North Korean defectors, will be reviewed as forward-looking approaches. Lastly, it seems that we, South Koreans need to change perceptions to North Korean defectors so that North Korean defectors can take pride in becoming residents of South Korea and live a stable life and no more feel themselves as strangers. My judgement is that we, South Koreans need to change perceptions to North Korean defectors and by making up for weak points in the current system and current law, we can help them encounter less financial hardship.

기능성 소화불량의 의한 협진과 통합의료에 대한 한의사, 의사, 환자의 인식도 차이

김금지,전혜진,고석재,차재명,박재우,Kim, Keumji,Jeon, Hye-jin,Ko, Seok-jae,Cha, Jae Myung,Park, Jae-Woo 대한한방내과학회 2021 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.42 No.6

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the perception difference between Korean Medicine doctors, Western Medicine doctors, and functional dyspepsia (FD) patients on the 'Collaborative and Integrated Medicine (CIM)' for FD management. Methods: Between February and April 2021, 545 Korean Medicine doctors, 121 Western Medicine doctors, and 186 FD patients were invited to participate in this survey. A questionnaire was developed by both the Korean and Western Medicine doctors and consisted of questions about general perceptions of FD and perceptions of CIM for FD. Results: Responses from 424 Korean Medicine doctors, 113 Western Medicine doctors, and 153 FD patients were analyzed for the CIM of FD. Significant perceptional differences were noted between Korean Medicine doctors, Western Medicine doctors, and FD patients on the CIM for FD, including necessity, effectiveness, safety, cost, and reliability of CIM for the management of FD (p<0.001). The FD patients also more strongly supported the necessity of developing CIM for FD than did the Korean and Western Medicine doctors (p<0.001), and 87.6% of the FD patients strongly agreed or agreed with the use of CIM for FD. Conclusions: A significant perception difference was detected between Korean Medicine doctors, Western Medicine doctors, and FD patients regarding the use of CIM for FD. Patients with FD favored the necessity and were more willing to accept CIM for FD than were the doctors. Therefore, more efforts may be warranted for doctors to promote CIM for FD.

설문 조사를 통한 경극에 대한 인식과 치료 가능성 연구

趙得昌 ( Cho Deukchang ),金德三 ( Kim Dugsam ),崔景淑 ( Choi Kyungsuk ) 중국어문연구회 2020 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.101

In this paper, we investigated perception of Peking Opera and therapeutic possibilities of Peking Opera through surveys. The surveys were conducted to find out the young students and their parents’ perceptions of Peking Opera and therapeutic possibilities of Peking Opera. In the respondents level of perception and experience of Peking Opera, it was found that most of them knew a little about it. In the degree of satisfaction with Peking Opera and the reason’, the degree of satisfaction and that of dissatisfaction were similar. In the psychological comfort of Peking Opera and willingness to see it, the 63.0% of respondents who have ever seen it said that the role of psychological comfort was normal. They did not show a particularly positive attitude toward willingness to see Peking Opera in the future. On the other hand, under the assumption that the reasons for dissatisfaction will be improved, it was confirmed that the willingness to see Peking Opera was increased. In the parents’ experience of Peking Opera, the satisfaction on Peking Opera and the title of Satisfying Peking Opera differed between parents and students. However, when it comes to the reason they were satisfied, both the parents and students ranked the artistic value the highest. Taken together, it was confirmed that there is a therapeutic element in Peking Opera and that it can be realized to some extent in the younger generation. And the potential for treatment in Peking Opera, which was identified in connection with the parent generation, was positive. Satisfaction and mental comfort that parents got from Peking Opera increased in proportion to their children’s experience and satisfaction with it. We should also consider that the children’s may have been linked with the experiences of the parent generation. In the future, in relation to the therapeutic effects of Peking Operas, studies on what are the therapeutic effects of them, how people can be treated, and how the treatment methods can be modernized should be conducted in more detail. In addition, we found that before embodying the therapeutic potential of Peking Opera, people should have more opportunities to contact them. For this, it is thought that the points indicated in the survey should be improved.

산후풍 한의표준임상진료지침을 위한 환자의 의료 이용 경험 및 인식도 조사

권나연,김동일,윤영진,박장경 대한한방부인과학회 2022 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reflect the patient's perspective in the process of developing Korean medicine clinical practice guideline (CPG) of puerperal wind disorder by survey. Methods: Five hundred fifty patients were surveyed from November 3rd, 2021 to November 8th, 2021 by internet. This study is an exploratory cross-sectional survey study, and descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were conducted on respondents’ general characteristics, postpartum symptoms, the history of using treatment institution for puerperal wind disorder, satisfaction of medical institutions and perception of postpartum care. Results: Survey results showed that 92.0% of respondents experienced symptoms after childbirth, and 56.2% of the symptoms were arthralgia, followed by obesity with 41.8%. Among puerperal wind disorder patients, 34.2% had treatment history, and 54.3% received Korean medical treatment. Treatment satisfaction was confirmed to be higher in Korean medical treatment. The necessity of postpartum care was recognized at 95.7% of respondents, and the performance rate of traditional Korean postpartum care was also high. Conclusions: Based on a realistic patient-centered basis, it is a study that can lay the foundation for standardizing Korean medicine treatment and strengthening coverage in the future.

미디어에 의한 공공부문 부패 심각성 인식의 강화 효과: 실험조사 방법을 활용한 미디어 효과의 실증

왕영민,박준 한국행정학회 2023 韓國行政學報 Vol.57 No.3

This study aims to demonstrate and quantify the magnitude of the “media effect” on perceptions of corruption in the public sector, based on the question of how much the echo-chamber of media framing and discourse actually changes people’s perceptions of corruption. To this purpose, we designed an experimental survey study using a posttest-only control group design to demonstrate changes in perceived severity of corruption among respondents, who viewed either normal or sensational corruption-related media materials. We also conducted a correlation analysis to identify the characteristics of the group that were susceptible to the media effect; i.e., those whose perceived corruption severity was “increased” to a great extent after the experimental treatment. On the basis of this analysis, we draw policy implications for improving corruption perception. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, we tested the difference in the change in corruption severity perceptions of the experimental group before and after the treatment, and found that the average response to the pre-question (Q11) in the experimental group was 3.574 (out of 5), and the average response to the same question (Q40) after the experimental treatment was 4.660, a very large increase of about 1.085 points, confirming that media exposure has a clear effect on the respondents’ corruption severity perception process. Second, we checked the difference in the change in the subjects’ perception of the severity of corruption according to the type of experimental stimulus (i.e., the normal type of material [newspaper articles] and the sensational type of media material [so-called “Tabloid Tales”]), and found that the change in perception of the group exposed to normal news articles (average increase of 1.217 points) was higher than that of the group exposed to sensational material (average increase of 0.954 points) at a statistically significant level. Third, we find that the groups with a higher percentage of respondents with a greater change in their perception of the severity of public corruption (an increase of more than 2.0) after the experimental treatment are those who perceived that the level of punishment for corruption criminals in the public sector was insufficient and those who have a lower level of trust in the traditional media.