서울특별시 거주 외국인의 정착 및 사회통합 방안: 주민권을 중심으로 한 조례 개선을 중심으로

김자현(Kim, Ja-Hyun) 동양사회사상학회 2018 사회사상과 문화 Vol.21 No.1

2000년대 들어 한국사회 내 다양한 체류유형의 외국인주민 수가 급증 함에 따라 이들의 지역사회 정착과 사회통합 문제가 대두되기 시작했다. ‘행정안전부’ 통계에 따르면 2016년 말 기준으로 서울에는 약 40만 명의 외국인주민이 거주하고 있다. 이들은 한국에 입국한 후 국가라는 추상적 공동체가 아닌 자신이 거주하는 지역을 중심으로 삶을 영위한다. 이러한 이유로 서울시는 외국인주민의 안정적 정착과 생활여건 향상을 위해 외국인주민 및 다문화가족 지원 조례를 마련하였다. 이러한 조례는 외국인주민의 삶에 직접적인 영향을 주기 때문에 따라서 해당 조례를 살펴보는 것은 큰 의미가 있다. 이 연구는 기존의 외국인주민 및 다문화가족 지원 조례 연구와 달리 외국인주민에게 ‘주민권’이라는 개념을 적용하여 접근하였다. 특히 외국 인주민을 대상으로 하는 다양한 정책 및 제도에 있어 자칫 소홀해질 수있는 ‘경제적 영역’을 중점적으로 살펴보았다. 세부적으로 조례 제정에 있어 서울 거주 외국인 또한 주민으로서 경제적 참여와 권리 여부를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 하위영역과 주요지표로 구성된 분석틀을 사용하였다. 끝으로 분석결과에 근거한 구체적이고 현실적인 개선방안을 제시하고자 했다. 나아가서 외국인주민에 대한 서울시의 책임 있는 역할을 강조 함으로써 ‘글로벌 도시, 서울’에 걸맞은 외국인주민 및 다문화가족 지원 조례로 거듭날 수 있는 발판을 마련하였다. As the number of foreign residents with different types of visa has been increasing rapidly in the Korean society in 2000s, the issue of community settlement and social integration has become important. According to the statistics of Ministry of the Interior and safety, around 400,000 foreign residents had resided in Seoul as of the end of 2016. Once they arrive in Korea, they start their living around the area where they live, not an abstract community called ‘nation’. For this reason, Seoul Metropolitan Government has enacted the ordinance for foreign residents and multi-cultural families, which is a legal-institutional device for the stable settlement of foreign residents and improvement of their living conditions. This ordinance has a direct impact on the lives of foreign residents. Therefore, it is meaningful to look at this by-laws. Unlike the previous studies dealing with the ordinance on support of foreign residents and multi-cultural families, this study applied the concept of residents’ rights to foreign residents. Especially, focused on the ‘economic sector’ that can be easily neglected in the policies and systems for foreign residents. In detail, this study analyzed whether the ordinance was enacted to guarantee economic participation and rights for foreign residents in Seoul. The analysis framework that is set up based on the sub-areas and major indicators was used for the study. In conclusion, this study tried to suggest concrete and realistic improvement plan according to the analysis result. Moreover emphasized the responsible role of Seoul City for foreign residents. Thereby, laid the foundation stone of the ordinance for foreign residents and multi-cultural families in accordance with the expression ‘Global City, Seoul’.

Police Response to Foreign Residents’ Crime

Hak Shin, Kim 동국대학교 비교법문화연구원 2016 DONGGUK LAW REVIEW Vol.8 No.-

동남권 외국인주민의 분포 특성과 거주지 결정요인에 관한 연구

황산,김형근 한국주거환경학회 2023 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.21 No.3

The number of foreign residents residing in Korea is continuously increasing, and the proportion of foreign residents living in non-metropolitan areas is increasing. This study examines the housing characteristics of foreign residents in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do and analyzed the effect on the number of foreign residents in the region. The results of regression analysis on the number of foreign residents in 2021 are as follows. Regarding regional characteristics, it was found that the resident population and the ratio of foreigners had a positive effect. The housing characteristics, jeonse price and apartment ratio, were found to have a negative effect. In addition, it was found that the number of manufacturing workers, foreign schools, and universities, which are industrial characteristics, had a positive effect on the number of foreign residents in the region. The population or the number of manufacturing workers showed similar results to the overall analysis, but there were results showing different influences depending on the type of foreign residents. For example, foreign schools were found to have a significant effect on foreign residents without Korean citizenship, and universities were found to have a significant effect on international students.

외래관광객과 주한외국인의 한국음식 및 전통외식업체에 대한 인식 차이 비교 분석

김선아,이민아,김은미,이승주 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.6

This study was prepared to present the research data for the promotion of Korean foods and restaurants in Korea and abroad by an analysis of the recognition and preference of Korean traditional foods and an importance-performance analysis of Korean restaurants by foreign visitors (n=351) and foreign residents (n=365). The most recognized Korean foods among foreigners were Bibimbap>Kimchi>Bulgogi>Galbi>Samgyetang; however, the most preferred Korean foods were statistically different; Bibimbap>Kimchi>Bulgogi> Galbi>Rameyeon by foreign visitors and Bulgogi>Bibimbap>Galbi>Samgyetang>Kimchi by foreign residents. Especially, the preferences for Samgyetang and Dakgalbi were increased whereas that for Kimchi was decreased in foreign residents. The Korean foods were described as 'hot and pungent' and 'spicy' by foreign visitors, but 'hot and pungent', 'non-greasy' and 'salty' by foreign residents. In choosing a restaurant, 'quality of food' was most important among foreigners, but 'proper price' was considered more significant than 'sanitation and cleanness' by foreign residents compared with foreign visitors. The satisfaction with Korean restaurants of foreign residents was lower than that of foreign visitors. An analysis of importance and performance of Korean restaurants by foreigners was performed. There were significant differences in the evaluations of Korean restaurants between foreign visitors and foreign residents (p<0.05). The importance of the attributes related with "foods" and "sanitation" were rated higher by foreign residents. On the other hand, foreign visitors rated the importance of the attributes related to "eating environment" and "employees" more highly. Foreign residents significantly rated the performances of Korean restaurants lower in each attribute except "additional free side dishes" and "communications".

경기도 외국인주민의 인구사회학적 특성과 범죄피해경험에 관한 조사연구

송봉규(Song, Bong Gyu) 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2015 사회과학연구 Vol.22 No.4

이 연구는 경기도에 거주하는 중국, 한국계중국, 베트남, 필리핀, 태국, 인도네시아, 몽골, 스리랑카, 방글라데시 등 8개 국적 외국인주민의 국적, 성별, 연령, 거주기간, 소득 등 인구 사회학적 특성과 절도, 사기, 폭행, 성폭력, 조직폭력, 노동착취 등 범죄피해경험과의 관계를 분석하였다. 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외국인주민의 국적에 따라 범죄피해경험은 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 방글라데시 국적 외국인주민들의 범죄피해경험이 다른 국적보다 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 외국인주민의 성별에 따라 범죄피해경험의 차이가 나타났다. 외국인주민 중 남성이 여성보다 절도, 사기, 폭행, 성폭행, 조직폭력, 노동착취 등 모든 범죄피해경험이 평균이 약 2배정도 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 외국인주민의 연령이 증가할수록 노동착취 피해경험은 감소한다. 넷째, 외국인주민의 거주기간과 범죄피해경험은 통계적으로 무의미한 결과가 나타났다. 다섯째, 외국인주민의 소득이 높을수록 성폭력 피해경험은 감소한다. 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 외국인주민의 범죄피해를 감소시키기 위한 대책은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외국인주민의 국적에 따른 맞춤형 범죄예방정책이 필요하다. 둘째, 외국인주민의 범죄피해경험에 따른 범죄에 대한 두려움을 해소해야 한다. 셋째, 경찰이 외국인주민의 범죄문제에 적극적으로 개입해야 한다. 마지막으로 외국인주민 대상 범죄피해와 범죄예방활동에 대한 정기적인 모니터링이 필요하다. This study analyzes the correlation between foreign residents" sociodemographic characteristics in Gyeonggi province including nationality, gender, age, period of residence, income level and their experiences of being crime victim which include theft, fraud, assault, sexual assault, organized violence, exploitation of labor. Foreign residents being researched in this study consist of 8 national groups, which include Chinese, Korean-Chinese, Vietnamese, Filipinos, Thais, Indonesians, Mongolians, Sri Lankans, Bangladeshis. The result came out as follows. First, foreign resident"s nationality makes the difference in the experience of being crime victim. Bangladeshi foreign residents" experiences of being crime victim appeared to be high as compared with other nationalities. Second, foreign resident"s gender makes the difference in the experience of being crime victim. Males of foreign residents took doubly all the crimes including theft, fraud, assault, sexual assault, organized violence, exploitation of labor when compared to the female group. Third, the more aged foreign residents are, the more decreased their experiences of being subject to exploitation of labor are. Fourth, there is no correlation in the statistics between foreign residents" period of residence and their experience of beign crime victim. Fifth, foreign resident"s income level is in inverse proportion to the experience of being subject to sexual assault. Using the result of the research, this study suggests measures to decrease criminal injury as follows. First, We need cutomized measures for crime prevention following foreign residents" nationality. Second, We have to resolve fear of crime drawing upon experiences of being crime victim. Third, police must intervene actively in foreign residents" crime problem. Finally we need to monitor regularly crimes aimed at foreign resident and crime prevention activity.

김해시 외국인주민의 시민권에 관한 문화기술지

김기언(Kieon,Kim) 한국다문화복지학회 2024 복지와 문화다양성연구 Vol.6 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 외국인 밀집지역에 거주하는 외국인주민이 스스로를 지역주민으로 인식하는 요소를 시민권의 관점에서 해석하고자 하였다. 연구참여자는 눈덩이 표집으로 6명을 선정하였다. 외국인주민이 스스로를 지역주민이라고 강조하는 사고의 패턴을 시민권의 관점에서 해석하고자 연구방법은 문화기술지를 선택하였다. 연구결과 시민권과 관련하여 두 개의 주제가 탐색되었다. 하나는 ‘오래 살아서 친근한 거주지’이다. ‘오래 살았다’는 속지주의의 거주기간에 해당한다. 살고 있는 곳을 친근하게 여기는 것은 외국인주민이 정착한 곳에서 소속감을 갖고 있음을 나타낸다. 다른 하나는 ‘김해시민이라는 소리 없는 아우성’이다. 주류사회가 외국인주민을 배제하며 이들에 관한 부정적 인식을 확산시키지만 외국인주민은 스스로 김해시민이라는 다양한 근거를 제시하였다. 하지만 주류사회는 아직 이들을 주민으로 수용하지 않는다. 이에 대해 이미 시행되고 있는 외국인의 정주 정책이 시민권과 함께 고려될 필요가 있음을 제안하였다. 또한 외국인 밀집지역에서 외국인주민의 조직화를 사회복지실천으로 제안하였다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that foreign residents living in a neighborhood with a high concentration of foreigners perceive themselves as local residents from the perspective of citizenship. Six participants were selected by snowball sampling. The research method was ethnography in order to analyze the patterns of thinking that foreign residents emphasize themselves as local residents from the perspective of citizenship. The results of the study revealed two themes related to citizenship. One is “long-lived and friendly residence”. “Long residence” corresponds to the duration of residence in a place. Being familiar with the place where you live shows that foreign residents have a sense of belonging to the place where they have settled. The other is “the silent shout of Gimhae citizens”. While mainstream society excludes foreign residents and spreads negative perceptions about them, foreign residents have provided various evidence that they are Gimhae citizens. However, mainstream society has not yet accepted them as residents. In response, the researchers suggested that the residency policy for foreigners, which is already in place, needs to be considered along with citizenship. They also suggested organizing foreign residents in areas where foreigners are concentrated as a social work practice.

외국인 주민의 일상대화에 나타난 한국어 조사 사용 양상 연구 - 부사격 조사를 중심으로

박새미,임유종,김태경,이필영 어문연구학회 2020 어문연구 Vol.105 No.-

We analyzed daily conversations among foreign workers and foreign married migrants living in South Korea and studied the use of Korean particles by foreign residents. Particles in Korean often show characteristics of an affixing language, making it difficult to use for foreign speakers. In particular, many errors were found in the use of Adverbial case particles by foreign residents. We confirmed that the frequency and error type for each meaning of ‘에’, ‘에서’, ‘(이)랑’, ‘에게/한테’, and ‘(으)로’. As a results, even the same adverbial case particles show different of the type of errors when they had different meanings. The frequency of use for “에” was found in the order of ‘time> direction > location > purpose > standard’. Also, error frequency was in the order of ‘time> direction > location > purpose > standard’. In ‘에서’, the frequency of use and error frequency were the same in the order of ‘location > starting point’. In ’(이)랑‘, the frequency of use and frequency of error were the same in the order of ’indicating the other party in conversations > criteria for comparison’. Adverbial case particles ’에게/한테’ also had same frequency of use and frequency of error, in the order of ‘objects affected by actions > objects that cause actions'. Since no error could be found in the adverbial case particles ‘(으)로’, it is considered a adverbial case particle that is easy to use for foreign residents. In comparison with previous studies, the error rate of foreign residents in this study was 2.3 times higher than that of intermediate learners in previous study. The error rate of the spoken language of marriage migrant females in this study was 2.3 times higher than that of the written language of marriage migrant females in previous study. as a results, the error rate of foreign residents' use of adverbial case particles was higher than that of marriage migrant females or intermediate learners. In conclusion, the most of errors in this study were replacement errors and omission errors. The addition errors and form errors were observed lower. In particular, there were many of the substitution with '에/에서' in the case of replacement errors. Also, ‘에’, ‘에서’, and ’(이)랑' were confirmed in the case of omission errors. Based on our investigation of the types of errors, we propose that education for adverbial case particles with high error rates to foreign residents. 이 논문은 한국에 거주하는 여성결혼이민자와 외국인 근로자를 대상으로 일상 대화를 분석하여 외국인 주민의 한국어 조사 사용 양상을 분석한 연구이다. 조사는 한국어의 첨가어적인 특징이 잘 나타나 외국인 화자들이 많이 어려워한다. 특히, 외국인 주민들에게서 부사격 조사를 사용할 때 많은 오류가 확인되었다. 부사격 조사 중에서도 높은 빈도로 쓰이는 ‘에. 에서. (이)랑, 에게/한테, (으)로’의 의미별 오류 양상과 그 빈도수를 확인하였는데, 같은 형태의 부사격 조사여도 다른 의미를 가지고 있을 때 오류 양상이 다르게 나타났다. ‘에’의 사용빈도와 오류빈도는 ‘시간>진행 방향>처소>목적>기준’ 순으로 나타났다. ‘에서’는 사용빈도와 오류빈도가 ‘처소>출발점’의 순으로 동일하게 나타났다. ‘(이)랑’도 사용빈도와 오류빈도가 ‘함께 하거나 상대로 하는 대상>비교의 기준’의 순서로 같았다. ‘에게/한테’ 또한 사용빈도와 오류빈도가 동일했고 ‘행동이 미치는 대상>행동을 일으키는 대상’의 순이었다. ‘(으)로’는 ‘움직임의 방향, 수단/도구, 방법/방식’의 의미로 사용되었는데, 오류가 나타나지 않아서 외국인 주민들에게 어렵지 않은 부사격 조사로 확인되었다. 선행 연구(한상미 2014a, 전영옥 2011)자료와 비교분석한 결과, 본 연구의 외국인 주민의 오류율이 선행 연구의 중급 학습자의 오류율보다 2.3배 높게 나타났고, 본 연구의 여성결혼이민자 구어의 오류율이 선행 연구의 여성결혼이민자 문어의 오류율보다 2.3배 높게 나타났다. 결과적으로 선행 연구의 여성결혼이민자와 중급 학습자보다 본 연구의 외국인 주민의 부사격 조사 사용에 대한 오류율이 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 나타난 오류는 대치 오류, 생략 오류가 주를 이루었고 첨가 오류, 형태 오류는 적게 나타났다. 특히 대치 오류에서는 ‘에↔에서’의 대치가 많았고, 생략 오류로 ‘에, 에서, (이)랑’이 많이 나타났다. 이러한 오류 양상을 보고 수치화하여 외국인 주민들에게 높은 오류율을 보이는 부사격 조사의 교육을 제안하였다.

국내 거주 외국인 주민 후속세대의 거주지 패턴에 대한 연구

박윤환 한국청소년학회 2016 청소년학연구 Vol.23 No.6

본 연구는 그동안 선행 연구들이 소홀히 했던 외국인주민 후속세대들의 거주지 패턴에 대한 분석을 시도하였다. 외국인주민 후속세대의 거주지 패턴을 지리정보시스템(GIS)의 탐색적 공간자료 분석기법(ESDA)을 활용하여 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 우선 2015년 행정자치부 외국인주민 인구통계자료를 바탕으로 외국인주민 후속세대의 거주 패턴을 설명해주는 지표들을 선정하고 250개 시군구를 분석단위로 외국인주민 후속세대 거주 집중도를 측정하였다. 분석결과 외국인주민 후속세대들의 거주 집중도는 전국적으로 고르기 보다는 호남과 강원지역을 중심으로 농촌지역에 높게 나타나서 외국인인구 비율이 높은 지역들이 대부분 수도권에 집중된 것과는 구별되었다. 또한 외국인주민 후속세대의 거주 집중도는 우리나라 전 지역에 걸쳐 공간적으로 인접한 지역들과 유사한 공간적 패턴을 갖는 공간적 의존성(spatial dependency)을 갖고 있었다. 마지막으로 국지적 공간자기상관 분석결과 이웃한 시군구들과 서로 유사한 외국인주민 후속세대 거주지 집중도를 갖는 곳들이 광범위하게 분포되어 있었다. 향후 외국인주민 후속세대의 거주지 집중으로 인해 미래에 예측되는 부정적 영향을 최소화시키기 위한 선제적인 정책적 대안의 마련이 요청된다. 청소년정책 당국은 외국인주민 후속세대 거주지 집중의 공간적 특성을 면밀히 파악하고 효과적인 정책 대상지역을 선정하는데 많은 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다. This study aims to investigate the residential pattern of foreign residents’ second generation that prior literature has failed to pay attention to. Technically, several Explanatory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA) methods within a GIS were employed to capture spatial pattern of foreign residents’ next generation. In order to measure the level of residential concentration for foreign residents’next generation based on entire 250 si-gun-gu units in the nation, the present research utilized 2015 Statistics on foreign residents provided by Ministry of The Interior. According to the results, residential concentration for foreign residents’ next generation appears to be much higher in the rural areas such as Jeolla and Gangwon rather than evenly distributed across the country. In addition, this particular spatial pattern tends to be similar between neighboring si-gun-gu units, so there exists a spatial dependency. In the context of local level, many regions holding similar residential pattern with adjacent neighboring si-gun-gu units were extensively distributed. In order to minimize negative effects of residential concentration for foreign residents’ next generation, proactive policy initiatives should be deeply considered. Therefore, the present study provides policy implication to youth policy authorities that precisely examine spatial pattern of residential concentration for their target population and effectively select the policy target area.

A Study on Factors affecting Housing Satisfaction among Foreign Residents in Korea

Hyun-chan MOON,Jae-tae KIM International Convergence Management Association 2024 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: This study investigates the factors influencing housing satisfaction among foreign residents in South Korea by examining their perceptions and values. It aims to provide insights for developing responsive and inclusive housing policies that cater to the diverse needs of this demographic amidst rapid technological and societal changes. Research design, data and methodology: The study, conducted from April to May 2024, surveyed 381 foreign residents in Seoul and major cities. Participants, selected based on a minimum one-year residency, completed structured questionnaires. The survey covered demographic details, housing preferences, and satisfaction. Data analysis using SPSS 27.0 involved frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis to identify significant factors affecting housing satisfaction among foreign residents. Results: Five of the six housing preference variables significantly impacted satisfaction, with housing facilities being the most influential. Housing environment, affordability, location, and management also had notable effects on satisfaction levels. Conclusions: The study reveals significant determinants of housing satisfaction among foreign residents in South Korea, highlighting the need for inclusive housing policies. Addressing the diverse needs of foreign residents is crucial for supporting Korea's transition to a multicultural society and enhancing foreign residents' integration and overall satisfaction. This includes tailored policies for different demographic groups based on their specific housing preferences and economic conditions.

외국인 인권 보호 및 생활 적응을 위한 외국인 복지문화센터

김혜수(Kim, Hye-soo),이윤희(Lee, Yunhee) 한국주거학회 2019 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.31 No.2

Gyeonggi Province ranks first among the percentage of foreigners residing in Korea, with 29,560 Sungnam taking sixth. Compared to the distribution of foreign residents, there is a lack of policies and facilities, and the human rights of foreigners living in Korea are also hard to be protected. The policy for the settlement of foreigners and the integration of society is awkward and they have the right to be recognized. As a result, it is possible to become a basic living beneficiary, and to improve the facilities and housing facilities that can enjoy the welfare + culture of foreigners in order to solve the human rights problems of foreigners and to solve the problem of adaptation to Korean life. The purpose of this study is to propose a welfare culture center for foreigners in Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, which can solve the welfare + culture and housing problems for foreigners Welfare culture center was conducted in the following procedures and methods to protect human rights and adaptation of foreigners. First of all, the land was selected in Moran-ro, Jung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, which has a large proportion of foreigners but the welfare facilities are not operating properly. The facilities were located in the Foreign Welfare Center, Administrative Welfare Center, Taepyeong Station, Chinatown, etc. In addition, welfare and cultural centers and residential facilities were required for the welfare of foreigners. Therefore, the concept of nest was selected, and these facilities were complexed and laid out. In other words, after creating an entrance for communication with the outside, it is divided into three masses of the office residential complex center for separation by function, and arranged to provide various support. Designed an outdoor bridge. In addition, the plan was carried out to activate the outdoor plaza by activating the piloty to secure the large space by introducing natural light and refer to the Foreign Welfare Center When planning a welfare center for foreigners, the first thing to consider is to understand the current status and proportion of foreigners" residence and plan for appropriate facilities. In addition, it is necessary to identify the problems of the adaptation process that foreigners are experiencing in Korea and to plan programs and programs to support them. Based on this, the facilities and solutions that foreigners need should be presented. It is important to solve the problem by creating a base housing facility for self-reliance and contents that can support the life cycle of foreign residents. It will be able to promote revitalization, and above all, to ensure the happy lives of foreigners in Korea, the second home.