습지보호지역의 시민모니터링 개선방안 -순천만과 보성벌교갯벌을 중심으로-

양효식 ( Hyo Sik Yang ),오강호 ( Kang Ho Oh ),고영구 ( Yeong Koo Koh ),윤석태 ( Seok Tai Youn ),김해경 ( Hai Gyoung Kim ),신상은,박성남 ( Seong Nam Park ) 한국도서학회 2015 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 습지보호지역의 시민주도 모니터링의 필요성, 습지보호지역 특성에 맞는 모니터링 매뉴얼 개발과 개선 방안에 대한 것이다. 시민모니터링의 주체는 시민이다. 따라서 습지환경 시민모니터링은 시민들이 수행할 수 있는 방법으로 매뉴얼이 개발되어야 한다. 습지보호지역 시민모니터링 정점 선정은 장기간의 환경변화를 파악하기 위해서 퇴적환경, 저서생물, 염생식물은 고정 방형구를 설치하여 관찰하여야 한다. 또한 시민모니터링 매뉴얼개발은 현장에서 직접 관찰할 수 있는 항목으로 다음과 같이 설정하여야 한다. 첫째, 퇴적 및 해양환경 모니터링은 퇴적물의 종류, 퇴적률, 패각 함량 등과, 악취, 오염물질량과 종류 등의 해양환경을 조사하여야 한다. 둘째, 저서생물 모니터링은 습지보호지역 내의 보호대상해양생물과 우점종을 조사하여야 하며, 간접적으로 저서생물 개체수를 확인할 수 있는 서식굴 조사를 병행하여야 한다. 셋째, 염생식물 모니터링은 습지보호지역의 대표적 군락을 대상으로 식생의 개체수, 피도, 성장 등을 조사하며, 주위의 생물상을 정성적으로 병행하여야 한다. 넷째, 물새류 모니터링은 습지보호지역의 보호종과 우점종을 조사하여야 한다. 특히 겨울철 흑두루미의 서식처인 순천만의 경우에는 일별, 주간별 모니터링이 필요하기도 하다. 습지보호지역 시민모니터링의 체계적 정착과 효율적인 관리를 위한 제언을 하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모니터링 기간은 최소 계절별 조사로 진행되어져야 한다. 둘째, 모니터링 조사기관 및 조사자의 연속성이 필요하다. 셋째, 지역주민 및 시민 단체들에 속한 모니터링 요원의 선정과 체계적 모니터링 교육이 필요하다. 넷째, 습지보호지역 시민모니터링 취지에 맞는 지속가능한 「시민의, 시민에 의한, 시민을 위한」 모니터링이 필요하다. 다섯째, 습지보호지역 시민모니터링 매뉴얼은 시대의 상황과 시민들의 교육 수준에 따른 수정 및 보완이 필요하다. This study focuses on the development and improvement of monitoring manual suitable for the tidal wetland protected area. It also covers the necessity for citizen leaded monitoring in this area. Citizen monitoring can only be maintained by the citizens themselves. Thus, citizen monitoring manual must be developed so that the locals can carry it out by themselves. Station selection for citizen monitoring on the tidal wetland protected area must be conducted for sedimentary environments and quadrate operation for benthos and halophytes with respect to long-term environmental changes. Observations from the fields conducted for the manual construction suggest the followings. At first, in terms of sedimentary and marine environment, sediment type, sedimentation rate, shell content, stench, and type and content of contamination matter must be taken into consideration. Secondly, items that include marine organisms under protection and their dominate species, investigate dormitory burrows which can check benthic individuals. Thirdly, halophyte monitoring must survey vegetation individuals, coverage, growth, and running parallel biota around above wetland. Lastly, waterfowls must be investigated in protected and dominate species. In particular, in the case of Suncheon bay, hooded crane (Grus monacha) must be monitored daily and weekly. Suggestions for systematic and efficient operation on the above tidal wetland protected area are as follows. Firstly, monitoring term must be carried out at least every season. Secondly, the monitoring institutes and searchers are continuous. Thirdly, appropriate choice of monitoring searchers in locals and civic organizations is necessary. Additionally, systematic monitoring training should be required for chosen searchers. Fourthly, a continuous monitor『of citizen, by citizen, and for citizen』is adequate to protect the wetland. Lastly, the monitoring manual on tidal wetland protected area requests modification and supplement in accordance with current paradigm and the education level of citizen.

일부 사업장의 작업환경측정 신뢰성평가 결과

박승현 ( Seung Hyun Park ),신현화 ( Hyun Wha Shin ),강성규 ( Seong Kyu Kang ) 한국산업위생학회 2007 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to improve the awareness of employers about worker`s exposure monitoring and to urge the exposure monitoring service institutes to produce good exposure monitoring results through a reliability assessment for the exposure monitoring results. Exposure monitoring results for harmful factors(harmful substances and physical agents) being exposed to workers provide employers and workers with very useful information in improving their poor working environment. But there have been some cases of occupational diseases due to underestimating or misestimating the concentration of harmful factors. Worker`s exposure monitoring is a basic tool in preventing occupational diseases. If the concentration of harmful factors being exposed to workers is underestimated or misestimated, control measures being needed to prevent occupational disease will not be taken due to absence of appropriate monitoring results. KOSHA conducted a reliability assessment for the exposure monitoring results of a hundred workplaces nationwide. According to the results of the reliability assessment, there were some cases of underestimating or misestimating the concentration of harmful factors. For example some workplaces have not been conducting the exposure monitoring for some of harmful factors being exposed to workers, some of workplaces have underestimated the concentration of harmful factors comparing to the real concentration of them. These results are because the highest exposed workers to harmful factors were not monitored or the exposure monitoring was conducted under abnormal working condition that concentration of harmful factors was lower than real concentration of them. In conclusion the deficit of awareness of employers and the exposure monitoring service institutes about a real meaning of the exposure monitoring was one of the reasons why the results of exposure monitoring conducted by some employers were so inappropriate. It seems that this reliability assessment for the exposure monitoring results is necessary for the time being to improve the awareness of employers and service institutes and to guide employers to produce the good results of exposure monitoring.

한국의 잔류농약 모니터링 프로그램 현황과 개선

이미경 한국식품위생안전성학회 2019 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.34 No.3

This study was conducted to understand the overall status of the monitoring program for pesticide residues in foods of South Korea. Further propositions for its improvement were made, and from this study, the status on this program can be summarized as follows. In South Korea, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) is responsible for overall control of pesticide residue monitoring. Depending on the time of monitoring (sampling at distribution or production step), the government agency responsible for monitoring is different: MFDS, Regional Offices of Food and Drug Safety and local governments are responsible for monitoring of foods at the distribution step, while the National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service (NAQS) and local governments are responsible for monitoring of foods in the production step (partially at sale and distribution steps). According to purpose of monitoring, domestic monitoring programs could be divided into two types: MFDS´s “Residue Survey” and NAQS’s “National Residue Survey” are conducted mainly for risk assessment purposes and various monitoring programs by the Regional Offices of Food and Drug Safety and local governments are conducted mainly for regulation purposes. For imported foods, monitoring should be conducted at both steps of customs clearance and distribution: the MFDS and the Regional Offices of Food and Drug Safety are responsible for the former, and for the latter, local governments are also responsible. However, it appeared that systematic and consistent monitoring programs are not being conducted for imported foods at the distribution step. Based on the information described above and more detailed information included in this paper, the following proposals for improving the monitoring program were forwarded: i) further clarification of monitoring program purpose, ii) strengthening of the monitoring program for imported foods, iii) providing the public with monitoring results by publication of an annual report and database. It is thought that exhaustive review on the pesticide residue monitoring program and efforts for its improvement are needed in order to assure both food safety and the success of the recently begun positive list system (PLS).

전자감시제도에 대한 헌법적 소고

조규범(Cho Kyu beom) 성균관대학교 법학연구소 2007 성균관법학 Vol.19 No.3

  The criminal policy request that policy makers increase the treatment in the community for criminal offenders and decrease the cost of maintenance and management for correctional facilities. Application of the electronic monitoring system is currently attracted with great public attention complying with this request. In the Republic of Korea, the Act of GPS Attachment against Specific Sex Offenders("Electronic Bracelet Act") has been enacted on April 24, 2007, and the Act will co into effect on October 28, 2008. This Act shows that the age of the Electronic Monitoring System has actually come in Korea. This Act has been enacted to prevent repetition of a sex offense from the sex offender, and eventually to protect our community in a way which a GPS is attached against a specific sex offender after serving out his sentence or during the period of probation or parole.<BR>  The Electronic Monitoring System is able to satisfy the desire of punishment from ordinary people against criminal offenders in a different way. A strength of Electronic Monitoring is to prevent the danger of crime infection or isolation from ordinary life, which are weaknesses of the treatment in the facilities. The Electronic Monitoring System, however, is continuously criticized because it might be a system against human rights. This criticism is caused by a viewpoint that the Electronic Monitoring System could bring social and economic prejudice of human rights and ethics.<BR>  In case of system failure from electronic monitoring, it might cause the danger of our community with the extension of social surveillance network and the increasement of criminal offenders, which could not expect curtailment effect of imprisonment cost. A GPS attachment. which is the essential of "Electronic Bracelet Act", is attacked by some proponents who believe that it might infringe the principles of double jeopardy. excessive punishment prohibition, equal rights, freedom of human body, and privacy.<BR>  This article explores constitutional views against the Electronic Monitoring System because it might cause limitations to the fundamental human rights. Policy makers should make great efforts to prevent infringement against human rights in a way to establish clear cut line of limitation to the Electronic Monitoring System because the System of national government organizations or agencies might develop the way of surveillance against non-criminals beyond surveillance against criminals and prisoners. Part Ⅱ introduces the general concept of Electronic Monitoring System. It provides the definition, types of Electronic Monitoring, and targets of Electronic Monitoring. I also explore so me examples, cases. and related legal matters of foreign countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, etc. at Part Ⅲ, and then at Part Ⅳ Ⅰ analyze constitutional issues of Electronic Monitoring System. As a conclusion I emphasize major elements to consider before the Electronic Bracelet Act comes effect, and explain needs to the revision of related laws. After through study, the Electronic Monitoring System will lead an alternative measure to imprisonment punishment, which is not a view of strengthening of new criminal punishment.

Review of Environmental Monitoring Activities During the Nuclear Emergency

Bongseok Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.2

The primary objective of radiological environmental monitoring after a radiological emergency at a nuclear facility is acquisition of background data for the determination of protective actions for the population and the comprehensive assessment of the impact on the population residing in proximity to the nuclear facility. The responsible entities engaged in the conduct of the radiological environmental monitoring encompass government organization and nuclear licensees, operating in strict adherence to the national radiological disaster prevention framework. In accordance with the national radiological disaster prevention framework, radiation environmental monitoring is executed through the deployment of emergency response organization, and recurrent exercise drills aimed at augmenting responsible capabilities. In the context of radiation environmental monitoring, it is necessary to specify measurement parameters, monitoring location, and methodological protocols for each stage, considering potential exposure pathways. In terms of equipment, it is important to utilize mobile assets such as aerial or vehicle surveys for rapid and accurate radiation environment monitoring. Radiation disaster drills are regularly conducted, and the radiation environment monitoring field is also regularly trained to enhance response capabilities. The scale of these drills may vary, ranging from exclusive participation by nuclear licensees to joint exercises conducted by governmental agencies. This iterative process of periodic drills and equipment enhancements has led to a progressive augmentation of environmental monitoring capabilities, ensuring a well-coordinated orchestration of radiation monitoring within the framework of radiation protection. Notwithstanding these achievements, challenges in public communication regarding the decision to take protective actions and the dissemination of information to the public. Considering that the purpose of radiation environmental monitoring extends beyond safeguarding public health; it also serves to alleviate public anxiety. In the future, public communication between these stakeholders should also be included in disaster drill programs to ensure proper consultation between each stakeholder during drills and to build understanding and trust in radiation environmental monitoring. This is expected to improve the quality of radiation environmental monitoring response capabilities.

Diagrammatic Representation of Environmental Monitoring Data

( Sekino Tatsuki ),( Takahito Yoshioka ) 한국하천호수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.S

엔트로피 이론과 유전자 알고리즘을 결합한 상수관망의 최적 압력 계측위치 결정

장동일,하금률,전환돈,강기훈 대한상하수도학회 2012 상하수도학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The purpose of water distribution system is supplying water to users by maintaining appropriate pressure and water quality. For efficient monitoring of the water distribution system, determination of optimal locations for pressure monitoring is essential. In this study, entropy theory was applied to determine the optimal locations for pressure monitoring. The entropy which is defined as the amount of information was calculated from the pressure change due to the variation of demand reflected the abnormal conditions at nodes, and the emitter function (fire hydrant) was used to reproduce actual pressure change pattern in EPANET. The optimal combination of monitoring points for pressure detection was determined by selecting the nodes receiving maximum information from other nodes using genetic algorithm. The Ozger’s and a real network were evaluated using the proposed model. From the results, it was found that the entropy theory can provide general guideline to select the locations of pressure sensors installation for optimal design and monitoring of the water distribution systems. During decision-making phase, optimal combination of monitoring points can be selected by comparing total amount of information at each point especially when there are some constraints of installation such as limitation of available budget. The purpose of water distribution system is supplying water to users by maintaining appropriate pressure and water quality. For efficient monitoring of the water distribution system, determination of optimal locations for pressure monitoring is essential. In this study, entropy theory was applied to determine the optimal locations for pressure monitoring. The entropy which is defined as the amount of information was calculated from the pressure change due to the variation of demand reflected the abnormal conditions at nodes, and the emitter function (fire hydrant) was used to reproduce actual pressure change pattern in EPANET. The optimal combination of monitoring points for pressure detection was determined by selecting the nodes receiving maximum information from other nodes using genetic algorithm. The Ozger’s and a real network were evaluated using the proposed model. From the results, it was found that the entropy theory can provide general guideline to select the locations of pressure sensors installation for optimal design and monitoring of the water distribution systems. During decision-making phase, optimal combination of monitoring points can be selected by comparing total amount of information at each point especially when there are some constraints of installation such as limitation of available budget.

전자감시장치 부착의 법적 성격과 확대적용에 대한 비판적 고찰

김봉수 경북대학교 법학연구원 2011 법학논고 Vol.0 No.36

The 24-hours electronic monitoring system tracing offender's positional information by identifying a signal from the ankle tag(GPS) has been imposed since 2008. 9. 1. It was originally developed as a means of intensive supervision for offenders. In reference to institutional purposes of electronic monitoring system, another says that the aim is to satisfies one's desire of punishment against criminals, to relieve the overpopulation of prison and reduce expenses, to defend the society or community through the effective monitoring against criminal offenders. Meanwhile, in connection with the legal characteristic of the electronic monitoring by the ankle tag, it is more common to see of the electronic monitoring is a kind of the security-measure as a treatment in the community. The Supreme Court of Korea concluded that because the electronic monitoring system has the legal characteristic of preventive restrictions, the principle of retroactive prohibition should not apply. But we need to look at a more in connection with the legal characteristic of the electronic monitoring. To achieve this, there is need of further empirical research and study on the problem whether this system fits into a means to a purpose of the security-measure, so-called “resocialization”. Especially, in Article 5 of 『the Act on attachment of electronic device for position tracking on specific crime offenders』, it is enacted the attachment of a electronic monitoring device(tag) as a means of intensive supervision for released sex offenders who have a very high riskiness of recidivism. However, Considering scientific facts that sex offenders have a very high rates of recidivism, it may be questioned whether the attachment of a electronic monitoring tag is effectiveness as a means to the resocialization. The latest incident reports that released sex offenders attached electronic monitoring tag committed sexual crime again show that the attachment of a electronic monitoring tag is not effectiveness as a means to the resocialization. Therefore, to claim that the attachment of a electronic monitoring tag must be expand beyond sexual crimes on the authority of the characteristic as the security-measure is inappropriate in the view of the resocialization for which the security-measure aim. 2007년 제정되어 2010년까지 3차례 개정된 동 법률은 2007년 제정당시 「특정 성폭력 범죄자에 대한 위치추적 전자장치 부착에 관한 법률」명으로 2008년 9월 1일부터 시행되었고(이하 ‘2008년 부착법’이라 한다), 9개월 후인 2009년 5월 8일에 미성년대상 유괴범죄를 대상에 포함시키는 법개정이 이루어져 2010년 1월 1일부터 현재와 같은 법명으로 시행되었다(이하 ‘2009년 부착법’이라 한다). 그리고 그 후 2009년 9월 1일 이전의 범죄에 대한 소급적용과 살인범죄에까지 확대적용을 내용으로 하는 법개정이 이루어져 2010년 7월 16일부터 현재까지 시행되고 있다(이하 ‘2010년 부착법’이라 한다). 『특정 범죄자에 대한 위치추적 전자장치 부착 등에 관한 법률(이하 ‘2010년 부착법’으로 약칭함)』은 입법당시부터 전자감시장치 부착의 역기능에 대한 우려와 그 법리적 문제점들로 인해 논란이 된 바 있다. 하지만 최근에는 (1) 재범율 감소에 의한 가시적인 범죄억제효과 및 (2) 부착명령의 ‘보안처분성’을 내세워 이를 법리적으로 정당화하고, 더 나아가 그 적용의 전면적인 확대론까지 등장하고 있다. 하지만 위와 같은 사실적 또는 법리적 정당화 논변 및 그에 기초한 확대적용론이 과연 타당한 것인지에 대해서는 의문이다. 형벌과 구별되는 ‘보호처분의 본질 및 법적 성격’ 그리고 전자감시장치의 부착효과로 주목받고 있는 ‘재범율 감소의 실질적인 의미’를 비판적으로 검토해 봤을 때, 현행 부착법상의 전자감시제도는 재사회화를 지향하는 보안처분과 본질 및 기능적 측면에서 거리가 멀고, 그 사실상의 효과로서 강조되고 있는 재범율의 감소 역시 단기적인 범죄억제효과일 뿐, 재사회화를 통한 재범위험성의 근본적인 감소가 아니라는 점에서, 양자를 정당화의 논거 내지 논리적 기반으로 한 확대적용론은 타당하다고 할 수 없다. 오히려 본문에서 제기한 문제점과 한계를 보안․개선하기 위해서는, 형집행종료후의 전자감시는 치료감호제도 및 형법개정안의 보호수용제도를 활용하여 기존의 보안처분의 영역으로 흡수시키고, 가석방 및 집행유예선고시의 전자감시는 피부착자의 동의를 부착요건으로 규정하여 절차적 정당성을 확보함으로써, 자발적인 참여를 통해 사회내처우의 취지와 목적을 극대화하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각한다.

Intrapartum Electronic Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring의 임상경험

이춘화(CH Lee),정기성(KS Chung),신수재(SJ Shin),조성욱(SH Cho),안덕호(DH Ahn),황태식(TS Hwang) 대한산부인과학회 1983 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.26 No.10

1981년 3월 16일부터 1982년 7월 31일까지 악 1년 5개월간 Electronic F.H.R. monitoring을 시행한 265예에 대한 임상적 관찰을 하여 얻은 주요한 것은 다음과 같다. 1. 265예중 고위험임신군이 157예 (59.25%), 정상임신군 108예 (40.75%) 였으며 고위험임신군은 10종류로 분류 되었는데 주요한 것은 임신성 고혈압, 과숙아 조기파막이였다. 2. Electronic F.H.R. monitoring의 abnormal record는 정상임신군에 17예(17:108 15.74%) 고위험임신 군에서 44예 (44:157=28.0%)로서 총 61예(61:265=23.0%) 였다. 3. 고위험임신군에서 Electronic F.H.R. monitoring의 abnormal record 44예증 late deceleration 13예, Variable deceleration 8예, prloonged deceleration 14예, otbers 9예 였다. 4. Abnormal F.H.R. monitoring이 나타난 61예를 Apgar score를 토대로 하여 분석 하였다. 5. pitocin induction 및 Augmentation을 한 96예와 자연진통군 l69예중 Hypertonic Uterine Contraction으로 인한 prolonged deceleration이 각각 7예(7:96=7.30%)와 4예(4:169=2.37%) 가 발생하였다. 상술한 예는 F.H.R. monitoring중 조기 발견되어 치료됨으로서 fetal distress을 예방할 수 있었다. 6. Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring 시행한 265예중 제왕절개를한 환자는 62예로서 23%의 빈도를 나타냈으며 그중 fatal distress로 제왕절개를한 환자는 23예로서 8.67%였다 7. 대부분의 예에서는 external fetal heart rate monitoring이 임상적으로 이용가치가 있음을 인정하였다. 그려나 앞으로는 internal 과 fetal scalp blood의 P.K 검사를 적극적으로 시행하여 더욱더 정확성을 기하도록 할 것이다. The continuous intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring has been performed as the primary means of fetal assessment for the improvement of neonata1 outcome. This retrospective study was composed of 265 patients intrapartum fetal heart rate monitorings, who were admitted for delivery at obstetrics and gynecologic department of Korea general hospital in Masan from 16th of march, 1981. to thirty first of july, 1982. The results were as follow; 1. This study was performed on 265 patients who were composed of 157 patients (59.25%) in high risk pregnancy and 108 patients (40.75%) in control group. High risk pregnancies were subdivided into 10 varieties, and 3 major varieties were pregnancy induced hypertension, post-term and premature rupture of membrane. 2. Abnormal records of F.H.R. monitoring were 61 cases (61 : 265=23.0%) which were composed of 17 cases (17 : 108=15.74%) in control group and 44cases (44 : 157 =28.0%) in high risk pregnancy. 3. 13 cases of late deceleration, 8 cases of variable deceleration, 14 cases of prolonged deceleration and 9 cases of others were seen in high risk pregnancy group. 4. 61 cases of abnormal fetal heart rate records were analysed according to Apgar score, birth weight, coiling of cord and type of delivery 5. Proloned decelerations caused by hypertonic uterine contraction were seen 7 cases (7.3%) out of 96 cases of pitocin induction or augumentation and 4 cases (2.37%) out of l69 cases of spontaneous labor. Those cases of hypertonic uterine contraction were detected early by using electronic fetal heart rate monitoring. 6. C/S rate was 23%, i.e. 62 cases in 265 cases of intrapatum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring were performed continuously, however 8.67%, i.e. 23 cases of C/S were performed because of fetal distress. 7. The external electronic fetal heart rate monitoring is proved to be valuable, however internal monitoring and fetal scalp blood P.H. will be carried out effectively to get further precise study.

Liver 3-phase CT Scan시 키(Height)를 이용한 Monitoring Start Time 변화를 통한 피폭선량 감소 연구

이정범(Jeong Beom Lee),이현진(Hyun Jin Lee),이상현(Sang Hyeon Lee),김순배(Sun Bae Kim) 대한CT영상기술학회 2015 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적 : Liver 3-phase CT Scan시 bolus tracking 방법을 이용하여 조영제 주입 후 ROI에 원하는 HU 값에 도달할 때까지 monitoring scan을 시행함으로써 불필요한 피폭을 유발하는 단점이 생기게 되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 operator가 손쉽게 알 수 있는 환자의 키(Height)를 이용하여 first monitoring scan time을 조절하여 불필요한 환자 피폭을 줄이고자 연구하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원 헬스케어센터에 내원하여 Liver 3-phase CT를 시행한 수진자를 대상으로 대조군(Group A)과 실험군(Group B)으로 나누어 monitoring start time부터 post contrast 150HU time까지 DLP 값을 조사하였으며, 실험군은 키(height)에 따라 monitoring start time을 조절하여 피폭감소가 있는지 측정하였다. 결과 : 측정결과 키를 이용한 monitoring start time 변화를 통해 피폭선량을 감소할 수 있었다. 키 160cm 미만은 15sec, 160cm 이상 170 미만은 20sec, 170cm 이상은 25sec로 monitoring start time을 변화시킴으로 대조군에 비해 160cm 미만은 14.0%, 160cm 이상 170 미만은 40.6%, 170cm 이상은 56.6% 피폭선량을 감소할 수 있었다. 결론 : Post contrast 150HU time은 키 이외에 연령, 몸무게, 맥박의 영향을 받으나 성별, 수축기혈압, 이완기혈압은 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 알 수 있었다. 키에 따라 monitoring start time에 변화를 주어 scan을 실시한다면 검사받는 이들에게 불필요한 monitoring으로 피폭되는 선량값을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : By using the bolus tracking in liver 3-phase CT scan, when things reach the desire HU value in the ROI after contrast injection, drawbacks to induce unnecessary radiation exposure was caused in monitoring scan. This study is using patient’s height that operator is it easy to see, by adjusting the first monitoring scan time, to try to reduce unnecessary exposure. Materials and method : Divided into Group A(Control group) and Group B(experimental group) targets liver 3-phase CT scan subjected to visit Health Care Center, DLP values were examined from monitoring scan time to post contrast 150HU time, and adjust monitoring start time to fit the height, were checked for exposure dose reduction in Group B. Result : It was able to reduce the exposure dose through monitoring start time change with height. Changes to the monitoring start time by height less than 160cm is 15sec, from 160cm and more to less than 170cm is 20sec, 170cm and more is 25sec, and it was able to reduce the exposure dose in less than 160cm is 14.0%, from 160cm and more to less than 170cm is 40.6%, 170cm and more is 56.6% compared to Group A. Conclusion : Post contrast 150HU time is affected by height, age, weight and pulse, but it is not affected sex, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. If the inspection to change monitoring start time in accordance with height, I think I will be able to reduce unnecessary monitoring exposure dose.