사상체질에 따른 스마트밴드 소재 및 표면처리 선호 경향

서홍석 한국디자인문화학회 2022 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Each person’s constitution is different, and the preferred product material and finishing conditions are different depending on the constitutional characteristics. In particular, in the case of products with a lot of body contact, such as wearable devices, the material and surface treatment are emotional factors that convey the quality and feeling of the product through the person’s sight and touch, and it can be seen that it has a deep connection with the constitution. In this study, smart bands that are recently worn by many people as wearable devices were selected, and 68 college students in their 20s, who are the generation who are sensitive to trends and pursue individuality, were classified by constitution according to ideological medicine, and the same type of smart band was selected. A survey was conducted by giving the band strap a change in material and surface treatment. As the method of this study, 5 types of materials distinguished according to raw materials and 18 types of samples with changes in surface treatment for each material were produced through expert review to select experimental stimulants, and smart band materials were provided to the subjects. Subjective sensory and preference evaluation for surface treatment was conducted. As a result of the questionnaire, preferred materials and surface treatment tendencies were different depending on the type of constitution of the respondents, and it was found that there was a significant difference in the tactile adjectives felt from the same material. Taeyangin has a hard-gloss surface texture of metal material and UV coating, Taeeumin has a hard-smooth surface texture of metal corrosion material and SF coating, Soyangin has a soft-natural surface texture of silicon material and leather, and Soeumin has a soft-natural surface texture. Glossy-Natural surface texture of chrome plated material and fabric material was preferred. For the same material, Taeeumin and Soyangin showed higher sensitivity to surface texture than Taeeumin and Soyangin. It is meaningful that it can be used as quantitative data that can implement more effective customized design if material and finishing are applied in consideration of constitutional characteristics in the development of emotional product. It is expected that a personalized material recommendation service will be possible through the development of product based on these data. 본 연구에서는 사람마다 체질이 다르고, 체질적 특성에 따라 선호하는 제품 소재 및 표면처리 조건이다르다는 것을 알아보고자 한다. 특히, 웨어러블 디바이스와 같은 신체 접촉이 많은 제품의 경우, 소재 및표면처리는 사람의 시각과 촉각을 통해 제품에 대한품질과 느낌을 전달하는 감성 요소로서 사람의 체질과 깊은 연관성을 갖는다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근 웨어러블 디바이스로 사람들이 많이 착용하고 있는 스마트밴드를 선정해서, 유행에 민감하고 개성을 추구하는 세대인 20대 대학생 68명을 대상으로사상의학에 따라 체질별로 분류하고, 동일한 형태의스마트밴드 스트랩에 소재 및 표면처리 변화를 주어설문조사를 진행하였다. 연구방법으로 실험 자극물을선정하기 위한 전문가 리뷰를 통해 원자재에 따라 구별되는 5가지 종류의 소재와 각 소재별 표면처리에변화를 준 18가지 종류의 샘플을 제작하였고, 피실험자에게 스마트밴드 소재와 표면처리에 대한 주관적인감각 및 선호도 평가를 실시하였다. 설문 결과, 응답자의 체질 유형에 따라 선호하는 소재 및 표면처리경향이 다르게 나타났으며, 동일 소재에서 느껴지는감성어휘에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 태양인은 메탈 소재와 UV코팅의 Cool-Glossy한 표면질감을, 태음인은 메탈부식 소재와 SF코팅의 Warm- Soft한 표면질감을, 소양인은 실리콘 소재와 가죽의Hard-Smooth한 표면질감을, 소음인은 크롬도금 소재와 패브릭 소재의 Glossy-Natural한 표면질감을 선호하였다. 동일한 소재에 대해 소음인, 소양인, 태양인, 태음인 순으로 표면질감에 대한 민감도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 스마트밴드는 일반 시계나 스마트워치와는 달리, 금속 소재보다는 가죽 및 실리콘소재를 활용한 피부 친화적인 표면질감을 적용할 필요가 있음을 유추해 볼 수 있다. 본 연구를 통해 감성제품 개발에 있어서 체질적 특성을 고려하여 소재 및표면처리를 적용한다면 보다 효과적인 개인맞춤 디자인을 구현할 수 있는 정량적인 데이터로 활용될 수있다는 데 의의가 있다.

제품디자인 소재교육을 위한 MMC(Material Matching Cube) 및 MMS(Material Matching System) 개발

임효선(Lim, Hyo Seon) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2017 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.30 No.-

최근 제품디자인을 개발하는데 소재를 적용하는 프로세스를 포함하고 있는 기업이 늘어가는 추세이다. 산업의 추세를 반영하며 디자이너를 양성하는 교육기관에서 디자인 소재의 교육 및 학습은 매우 중요하다. 특히 세분화된 제품디자인 영역에서는 활용되는 소재가 다양하여 학습자가 소재영역을 선정하는 개인화된 소재교육 방법 및 도구(tool)가 부재한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 제품디자인에 있어 소재의 중요성 및 역할을 제시하고, 국내·외 대학의 소재교육의 특화된 사례와 기존 의 툴의 한계점을 고찰한 후 소재 교육 특성을 파악하여 소재교육 도구의 적용방법을 제시하였다. 그 결과로 촉감을 통해 직관적 학습할 수 있는 샘플과 다양한 컨셉 조합을 구현하여 창의적인 학습을 수행할 수 있는 큐브의 형태, 학습의 경험을 통해 반복과 상호작용을 할 수 있는 시스템을 개발에 적용할 수 있었다. 소재학습을 위한 도구로서 소재를 직접 만져보며 컨셉에 적합한 조합을 도출 할 수 있어 제품개발 시 소재선택의 시간을 단축시켜주며, 디자이너의 상황에 따라 소재의 영역을 선택 또는 변경 할 수 있는 개인화가 가능한 소재교육 도구(MMC)와 그 활용 시스템(MMS)을 개발하였다. 추후 소재를 교육하거나 학습하는데 있어 컨셉 중심의 발산적 아이디어를 도출하여 소재를 중심으로 창의적이고 감성적인 제품디자인을 구현하는데 효과적으로 활용되기를 기대한다. Recently, a growing number of companies are factoring in material application processes when developing product design. For an educational institution, it is vitally important to educate and learn about the design materials since the purpose of the institution is to educate designers while reflecting industry trends. In particular, there are a variety of materials being used in the specialized product design area, resulting in a lack of personalized material training methods and tools. In the light of such circumstances, the purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance and role of materials in product design, to examine the specialized cases of materials education at domestic and foreign universities and to examine the limitations of existing tools, and respectively present the implementation method of material education tools. As a result, the realization of samples for intuitional learning through touching and various combinations of concepts was made possible, thereby making it possible for a system that can repeat and interact through learning experiences and the form of cube for exercising creative learning to be applied in development. Also, MMC, the material educational tool which makes it possible to derive a suitable combination for the concept by directly touching the material, shortening the time for selecting the material when developing the product, and allowing the designer to select or change the area of the material according to his or her situation, and its utilization system(MMS) has been developed. It is expected to be used effectively in the realization of creative and emotional product design centered on material by deriving concept-oriented divergent ideas for teaching or learning materials.

설계단계 건축마감자재 선정을 위한 지식정보기반 자재성능비교 지원모델

구교진(Koo Kyo-Jin),박형진(Park Hyung-Jin),박성철(Park Sung-Chul),김종일(Kim Jong-Il) 대한건축학회 2008 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.24 No.4

A material selection, which shares a significant portion of design work, is one of crucial factors to improve design quality. Unfortunately, since conventional methods such as electronic catalog needs a plenty of times and efforts to obtain essential material information, smarter and intelligent material selection model should be developed. Existing material-related systems provide designers with only general material information including unit prices and strength. To assist designers in terms of material selection, first of all, linking space information, such as rooms and elements, with material information is necessarily needed to maximize designers' experience. And, designer-focused material selection system should exploit knowledge-based material information which is more helpful than general information. Moreover, a coupler which is able to bridge between designer's requirements and the knowledge-base material information must be developed. In this context, this paper presents 'Knowledge-Information Based Material Performance Comparison Supporting Model' that supports designers to make a high-quality decision on material selection.

제품디자인전공 학과의 소재교육 현황분석을 통한 소재교육 특성 및 방법제안

임효선(제1) ( Lim Hyo Seon ),임효선(교신) ( Lim Hyo Seon ) 디자인융복합학회 2017 디자인융복합연구 Vol.16 No.5

감성디자인의 등장으로 제품 디자이너들에게 소재의 이해와 활용을 통한 문제해결 능력이 요구되고 있다. 특히 다른 전공에 비해 다양한 소재를 다뤄야 하는 제품디자인 분야의 소재교육은 더욱 필요하다. 이에 교육기관에서는 소재 활용능력 강화를 위한 체계적인 소재교육이 실시되어야 하나, 제품디자인 분야의 소재교육에 관련된 연구는 미진한 상황이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 제품디자인관련 국내 대학의 소재교육의 현황을 살펴보고, 소재교육의 특성과 학습단계를 도출한 후 소재교육의 특성별 목표를 설정하여, 이를 실행할 수 있는 소재교육 학습 방안을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 소재교육 학습단계를 도출하기 위해 제품디자인 관련 소재교육을 실시하고 있는 대학의 소재교육 실시학년, 실시 교과명, 교과운영 목표 등의 현황을 분석한 결과 3개의 소재교육 학습단계별 소재교육요소를 추출하였고, 전문가집단을 통해 동질성 분석을 실시하여 소재교육 학습단계 별소재교육 특성요소를 도출할 수 있었다. 도출된 소재교육의 3단계 학습과정으로 특성별 교육목표를 설정하고 그 실행방안을 사례 중심의 교육방법으로 제안하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 체계적인 소재교육을 실시하여 소재에 대한 이해가 높은 전문가를 양성하는데 활용되어지길 기대한다. The emergence of emotional design requires the product designers to have competence to solve problems through understanding and utilizing materials. Hence the systematic material education is encouraged to be conducted to strengthen the ability to utilize materials. However, research on material education in the field of product design has been insufficient even though it needs to deal with various materials compared to other fields. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of material education in domestic universities related to product design, to establish characteristics of material education, to set up educational goals according to each characteristic established, and to suggest material education methods to be used to achieve those goals. In order to derive the procedure of the material education, the current status of the universities where the material education for product design is taught is analyzed. The components taken into account are such as the year of receiving material education, the title of subject, and the goal of the subject. As a result, the components of material education of three different material education procedure is extracted and the characteristic components of the material education of each (material education) procedure is derived by the homogeneity analysis conducted by the expert group. The results of this study are intended for experts in this field to gain better understanding of materials.

자동차 내장 재질의 감성 품질요인 도출 및 물리적 특성치와의 연관성 분석

박성준,박재규,최재호,Park, Sungjoon,Park, Jaekyu,Choe, Jaeho 한국품질경영학회 2017 품질경영학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to structure affective factors related to the tactile sense in order to improve tactile sensibility satisfaction of interior material. In this paper, we propose the design direction of interior material by analyzing the association between material properties and affective factors for automotive interior material. Methods: The relationship between sensibility adjectives and feelings related to tactile sensation were derived through factor analysis after touching prepared samples that were made by changing the material properties of automotive interior material. The association between affective factors and interior material properties were analyzed through ANOVA. Results: Seven kinds of visual and tactile affective factors were derived from the correlation between feeling of material and sensibility adjectives measured by 215 subjects. It is found that there is a quadratic relationship rather than a linear relationship through association analysis between affective factors and the material properties such as roughness, friction coefficient, and hardness. Conclusion: This study suggests the direction of the interior material design which can improve the sensibility satisfaction of the automobile customers by identifying the tactile factors related to the material properties of automotive interior material.

Prediction of Material Properties of Ceramic Composite Material by Porous Structure and Porosity Using the Finite Element Method

이동규,김수현,김세영,유지행,조성욱 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.20 No.5

Recently, the use of ceramic composite materials in various areas has been increasing. However, since detailed structures have various porous structures according to the characteristics of the ceramic composite material, it is difficult to predict material properties through simple material experiments. If the detailed structure of ceramic composite materials were metal or other simple and regular forms, it would be possible to predict material properties through experiments or analysis. However, as porous ceramic materials have an irregular structure and random form, it is very difficult to predict their material properties through simple methods and actual material experiments must be conducted several or even dozens of times to predict the material properties with statistical analysis techniques. Therefore, this study uses FEM to predict the porous type or pore ratio of ceramic composite materials and the changes in material properties according to their detailed structure. It attempt to predict the maximum and minimum values of actual material properties. Through the results of this study, it is possible to more easily predict the material properties of ceramic composite materials by porosity and pore dispersity or adjacency. The results can be applied to the manufacturing of parts and structural analysis of models made from ceramic composite materials.

Comparative analysis of shear bond strength and quality of interface at novel bioactive material or Biodentine

Ivanka Dimitrova,Desislava Tsanova-Tosheva 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.2

The quality and durability of the adhesion between calcium-silicate cements and the restorative material are important, bothfor the durability of the healing and the clinical success outcome. The aim is to analyze the shear bond strength and qualityof the interface between composite restorative material and new bioactive material and Biodentine at the same conditions. Theused pulp-capping materials: conventional Biodentine and the new hybrid biomaterial BioCal-Cap. In this study, only one typeof adhesive system and one resin-based composite have been used. For this purpose, 60 molds were prepared and divided intofour groups. Half of them were filled with Biodentine and the other 30 with BioCal-Cap. The shear bond strength betweencalcium-silicate cements and the composite material was investigated. The Mann-Whitney test and the Wilcoxon Signed RanksTest were used for statistical analysis of the results. The results of the analyses show a statistically significant difference in shearbond strength between the two groups (p<0.05). In all selected specimens with Biodentine, upon immediate restoration withcomposite material, cracks of different lengths and sizes were observed in the pulp capping material. Fewer cracks wererecorded in the samples with delayed restoration using composite material. The data clearly show that the time of thecomposite material placement does not affect the shear bond strength in each of the observed groups. In selected specimenswith Biodentine, upon immediate restoration with composite material, cracks of different lengths and sizes were observed inthe pulp capping material. Fewer cracks were recorded in the samples with delayed restoration using composite material.

현용준의 물질문화 연구 -제주도 무속을 중심으로-

최진아 한국무속학회 2018 한국무속학 Vol.0 No.37

This study aims to examine the trends and achievements of the material culture research by Hyun Yong-jun, putting focus on the shamanism of Jeju Island, and to analyze the characteristics and significance of the research. At the time when Hyun Yong-jun was active in research activities, the material culture of shamanism was not the subject of attention. As a result, very few basic data related to the material culture have been accumulated. On the contrary, Hyun Yong-jun has identified the material culture of Jeju shamanism as a subject of individual study since the 1960s and made an attempt to study it. In that respect, he is a researcher who made it possible to discuss the shamanistic research of Jeju island from various views. Among the research achievements made by Hyun Yong-jun, the study related to the shaman material culture hold significance in many aspects. First, after the shamanism of Joseon had been studied by Japanese researchers, Murayama Jizen 村山智順) and Akiwa Takashi (秋葉隆), Hyun Yong-jun contributed to the accumulation of research results related to the material culture of shamanism, which had been neglected for a while. Second, Hyun’s work focused on materials, shapes and compositions, which lay the foundation for the research on material culture, and thereby allowed discussions to be made. Third, Hyun’s research provided empirical archive of basic data for discussions to be made on the history of material culture of Jeju shamanism and offered figures for a more precise understanding of the material through diagrams. Forth, Hyun’s work summarized in details various ritual symbols of the material. For instance, when it comes to Sinkal and Sanpan which are the ritual tools used by Shimbang, a ritual presider of Jeju shamanism to show the intention of God during the ceremony, Hyun’s research presented a variety of cases as pictures, described and analyzed the meaning, which varies depending on the circumstances or types of the ritual. Fifth, Hyun Yong-jun analyzed the origins of Sindang (a ritual space for shamanism), sacrifice, Mengdu and Singan in Bonpuri (epic ritual music), which is the most remarkable element in Jejudo shamanism. He saw sacrifice as the least changing element among cultural elements, revealed the food that God favors or does not like in Bonpuri, and analyzed the divine hierarchy in it. Although Hyun Yong-jun’s work has the significance described above, it has several pitfalls. Hyun Yong-jun’s research on the material culture has not progressively analyzed the intermediary tendency that Kime and Mengdu holds in order to compare Shimbang and shaman; analyzed the meaning of sacrifice in Bonpuri in a fragments; and neglected discussions on the influence with other religions. Although it has shortfalls, Hyun Yong-jun’s research made a great contribution to the research not only on Jeju shamanism but also on the material culture: It recognized the material culture of shamanism as a necessary subject to understand Jeju shamanism and allowed to approach research on Jeju shamanism from various angles. 본 연구는 제주도 무속을 중심으로 현용준의 물질문화 연구의 경향과 성과를 살펴보고, 그 연구의 특징과 연구가 갖는 의의를 분석하는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 현용준이 활발하게 활동하던 당시 무속의 물질문화는 주목받는 대상이 아니었다. 그로 인해, 물질문화와 관련된 많은 기초자료 또한 축적되지 못하였다고 볼 수 있다. 이와 달리, 현용준은 1960년대부터 제주 무속의 물질문화를 개별적인 연구대상으로 파악하여 이에 대한 연구를 시도하였다는 점에서, 제주도 무속연구를 다양한 관점에서 논의가 가능하게 한 연구자라 할 수 있다. 현용준의 연구 성과 중 무속의 물질문화와 관련된 연구는 여러 면에서 의의를 지닌다. 첫째, 일제강점기에 조선의 무속을 연구하였던 일본인 연구자들인 무라야마 지준(村山智順)과 아끼바 다까시(秋葉隆) 이후 한동안 간과되어 왔던 무속의 물질문화에 관심을 갖고 그와 관련된 연구 성과를 축적했다는 점을 들 수 있다. 둘째, 현용준의 연구는 물질문화 연구에 가장 기초가 되는 재료 및 형태와 구성요소에도 주목하여 그에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다는 점이다. 셋째, 제주 무속의 물질문화 연구사를 논의하기 위한 실증적인 아카이브 기초자료를 제공하고 있다는 점과, 도식화 자료를 통해 물질에 대한 보다 정확한 이해를 할 수 있게끔 하였다는 점이다. 넷째, 물질이 갖는 다양한 의례적 표상을 상세하게 정리했다는 점에 있다. 예를 들어, 제주 무속의 의례주재자인 심방이 의례 과정에서 신의 의사를 알려주는 신칼과 산판의 경우 여러 다양한 경우의 수를 그림 자료로 제시하여 이를 설명하고, 의례의 상황에 따라 혹은 의례의 종류에 따라 달라지는 의미를 분석하였다. 다섯째, 현용준은 제주도 무속에서 가장 주목할 만한 요소라 할 수 있는 서사무가인 본풀이 속에서 제의공간인 무속의 신당과 제물 그리고 멩두와 신간의 기원과 유래를 분석하였다. 제물의 경우, 문화요소 중에서 가장 변화가 더딘 요소로 보고, 본풀이 속에서 신이 즐기는 음식과 그렇지 않은 음식을 밝혀내고 그 속에서 신의 위계 관계를 분석해 내기도 하였다. 위와 같은 의의를 지니지만, 현용준의 연구에서 몇 가지 아쉬운 점도 존재한다. 현용준의 물질문화 연구 중 심방과 샤먼의 비교를 위해 기메와 멩두가 지니는 매개적 성향에 대한 분석이 발전적으로 이루어지지 못했다는 점과 본풀이를 중심으로 제물에 대한 의미 분석이 단편적으로 이루어졌을 뿐 아니라 타종교와의 영향 관계 속에서의 논의는 간과했다는 점 등이다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 현용준의 연구는 무속의 상징물을 제주무속을 이해하기 위해 놓쳐서는 안 될 대상으로 인식해 제주 무속 연구를 다각도로 접근할 수 있게 하였다는 점에서, 그의 연구는 제주 무속 뿐 아니라 물질문화 연구에 있어서도 기여하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있다.

물질문화의 재인식과 문물로서 유무형 문화의 유기적 해석

임재해 국립민속박물관 2007 민속학연구 Vol.0 No.20

If a study of material culture was to overcome the current dullness of the field, we would have to study the relationship between material culture and intangible culture by means of the logic of “Culture and Civilization,” though organically. Material culture is the main text of interest, while intangible culture is a situational text. Moreover, material texts are created through a technique of intangible culture wisdom, which pursues intangible culture. The relationship of tangible culture and intangible culture is discovered in the relationship of the house to the home. Without recognizing this relationship we wouldn’t notice intangible culture such as “the home.” Rather, we would interpret the house to be merely architecture. We would be limited with regard to a holistic study of housing culture. Therefore if we were to interpret intangible culture like that of Sungjupuri, we could pioneer new paradigm of research in field of housing culture. When we complicate culture, if we don’t take notice of material texts as tangible culture, then we could be faced with a limited perspective on intangible culture interpretation. Examples are studies of Hahoe masks and funeral biers. We could be restored to the original state by means of Hahoe masks, and study the performance of Hahoe mask drama with consideration for the esthetic logic of the Hahoe mask. Also, if we studied funeral biers, we would have to consider Yeongyeo (a small bier that carries the soul of a dead person), so we could interpret funeral culture in order to find their viewpoint of death. Material text as tangible culture has a more decisive function than intangible material as historical material evidence when interpreting culture. But if we are buried under the importance of material evidence, it could obstruct a holistic interpretation. For example, the academic world of eating culture interprets the history of eating culture in a sequential order; rice gruel, rice cake, and boiled rice, according to excavated remains (grinding stones, earthenware steamers, and pots). This has been interpreted inordinately, because theorists have not considered general eating culture, for example they assume that an earthenware steamer must have functioned as a pot, and a rice gruel can boiler also must be a kind of pot. If we interpret excavation materials while considering the field situation of eating culture, we could correct these mistakes easily. Neither tangible material nor intangible material has an independent meaning or manifestation of its function inherent to itself. These meanings exist in an inter-relationship that takes on new meaning when viewed as an organic system. Its function is also understood by means of cultural context. Accordingly, the study of tangible material text has to be viewed as existing within the system and context of intangible culture as situational elements, while the study of intangible material texts needs to be accepted as a viable viewpoint that must be interpreted along with tangible artifacts as concrete evidence. Therefore cultural study must recognize tangible material text as well as intangibly procured text as the one holistic study of “Culture and Civilization.” At the same time, we have to look forward to contextual field studies that cross-interpret tangible with intangible material.

생명물질이전계약에 관한 법적고찰

손경한,심현주 원광대학교 법학연구소 2012 의생명과학과 법 Vol.8 No.-

Although Parties, directly involved, had made contracts for a technology transfer or a patent license for the purpose of research and development in the past, the new form of contract, a material transfer agreement, emerged in the late 20th century. Especially, as a biotechnology was developed and patent for life was allowed, the biological material transfer agreement became increased rapidly. The biological material transfer agreement could be made variously depending on the form of transfer, sort of material, parties, directly involved, and whether they could be paid or not. Securing a right to material is a key point for providers and gaining a right to product of work is main point for receivers. So the material transfer agreement should correctly reflect the intention of providers who have expertise on materials and balance the claims and obligations of providers and receivers. Also it should deal with problems of intellectual property rights to materials and products of work. Uniform Biological Material Transfer Agreement(UBMTA) of National Institutes of Health(NIH) is used as a global standard. But UBMTA only regulates relationships between public organizations and non-profit organizations, so the study should be done to prepare a standard which rules relationships between profit-making organizations, public organizations and profit-making organizations, and public organizations and non-profit organizations. Also the material transfer agreement, made according to the unique characteristics of materials, should be developed by grasping characteristics of each material. Furthermore, Access and Benefit Sharing(ABS) agreement could be mixed up with the material transfer agreement because it also deals with life like genetic resources and it uses a name of the material transfer agreement. So, the study which compares and analyzes the material transfer agreement and ABS agreement should be done.