Hesperidin a flavanoglycone protects against γ-irradiation induced hepatocellular damage and oxidative stress in Sprague-Dawley rats

Pradeep, K.,Park, S.H.,Ko, K.C. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2008 european journal of pharmacology Vol.587 No.1

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of γ-irradiation induced cellular damage and the administration of dietary antioxidants has been suggested to protect against the subsequent tissue damage. Here, we present the data to explore the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of hesperidin, a naturally occurring citrus flavanoglycone, against γ-irradiation induced oxidative damage in the liver of rats. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to γ-irradiation (1 Gy, 3 Gy and 5 Gy) and were administered hesperidin (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, b.w, orally) for 7 days post irradiation. The changes in body weight, liver weight, spleen index, serum and liver aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and serum ceruloplasmin levels were determined along with differences in the liver histopathology. Liver thiobarbuturic acid reactive substance as an index for lipid peroxidation and the levels of enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the status of non-enzymatic antioxidants as an index for oxidative stress were also determined. Exposure to γ-irradiation resulted in hepatocellular damage in a dose-dependent manner, featuring a significantly decreased body weight and liver weight and higher levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and γ-GT levels and a simultaneous decrease in their levels in the liver tissue. Oxidative stress was evidenced by elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the levels of key enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the liver. However, the γ-irradiation induced toxic effects were dramatically and dose-dependently inhibited by hesperidin treatment as observed by the restoration in the altered levels of the marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The results of the biochemical observations were supported by the histopathological findings. Thus, oral administration of hesperidin was found to offer protection against γ-irradiation induced hepatocellular damage and oxidative stress in rats, probably by exerting a protective effect against hepatocellular necrosis via its free radical scavenging and membrane stabilizing ability.

Effects of γ-Irradiation on Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities and Color of Ecklonia cava

송유진,김아람,김꽃봉우리,이소영,Jin Gyu Park,김재훈,최종일,이주운,변명우,안동현 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.3

Ecklonia cava (EC) was irradiated with γ-rays at doses of 3, 7, and 20 kGy. The extraction yields, total polyphenol content (TPC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, antimicrobial activity, and color of the EC extracts were assessed. The results showed that irradiation caused an increase in the extraction yields of ethanol and water. TPC was found to be significantly increased when EC powder was subjected to irradiation, followed by ethanol and water extraction. However, DPPH radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities were stable under all irradiation conditions. In the heat and pH stability tests, the DPPH radical scavenging activities of EC ethanol extracts were not influenced by irradiation. Irradiation caused an increase in the lightness and redness of EC extracts and decreased the yellowness. In conclusion, γ-irradiation increased the extraction yield and TPC and brightened the color, while maintaining the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

저선량 감마선 반복조사의 육류와 생선 중 미생물 저감효과

제길수,정덕화,심원보 한국식품위생안전성학회 2015 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.30 No.1

The aim of this study is to examine the removal efficiency of pathogen (Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium) on meat and fish products (packing condition: vacuum or not and storage temperature: 4℃ or -20℃) repeatedly exposed at low-dose gamma irradiation. In case of meat products (beef and chicken), E. coli O157:H7 was not observed at the level of 2 kGy single gamma irradiation and 0.5 kGy repeated gamma irradiation and S. Typhimurium was not observed at the level of 2 kGy single gamma irradiation and 1 kGy repeated gamma irradiation. In case of fish products, E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium were not detected at the level of 0.5 kGy single and repeated gamma irradiation. These results showed that microorganisms on fish products were more efficiently removed than those of meat products with low-dose gamma irradiation. Generally, each packing condition made no difference. However, the products (fish and meat) stored at –20℃ needed more higher dose gamma irradiation than products at 4℃.

Gamma Irradiation-reduced IFN-γ Expression, STAT1 Signals, and Cell-mediated Immunity

( Seon Kyu Han ),( Jie Young Song ),( Yeon Sook Yun ),( She Yoon Yi ) 생화학분자생물학회 2002 BMB Reports Vol.35 No.6

The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 is a cytoplasmic-transcription factor that is phosphorylated by Janus kinases (Jak) in response to interferon γ (IFN-γ). The phosphorylated STAT1 translocates to the nucleus, where it turns on specific sets of IFN-γ-inducible genes, such as the interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1. We show here that gamma irradiation reduces the IFN-γ mRNA expression. The inhibition of the STAT1 phosphorylatlon and the IRF-1 expression by gamma irradiation was also observed. In contrast, the mRNA levels of IL-5 and transcription factor GATA-3 were slightly induced by gamma irradiation when compared to the non-irradiated sample. Furthermore, we detected the inhibition of cell-mediated immunity by gamma irradiation in the allogenic-mixed lymphocytes` reaction (MLR). These results postulate that gamma irradiation induces the polarized-Th2 response and interferes with STAT1 signals, thereby causing the immunosuppression of the Th1 response.

Effects of γ-irradiation on the quality changes of fresh noodles prepared from wheat cultivated with N-fertilization treatments

이나영,강천식,김학신 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

Quality changes of fresh noodles prepared from wheat cultivated with N-fertilization treatments, followed by γ-irradiation were investigated. The protein content of the KPS60 was the highest of all treated samples, and protein contents of wheat cultivated with N-fertilizer was increased. γ-Irradiation did not affect the protein contents of the samples. However, the water holding capacity and resistant starch contents was increased by irradiation. The dry gluten and wet gluten contents of samples were further increased by γ-irradiation. The pasting properties were influenced by γ- irradiation but not N-fertilization. The hardness of noodles made with irradiated wheat flour was decreased, but the degree of decrease was small compared with that of viscosity. The gumminess and chewiness of noodles made with irradiated flour having higher protein content and WG showed also higher score. Thus, treatment of wheat flour with N-fertilization and γ-irradiation may improve the quality of Korean-style noodles during storage.

패 추출물의 항산화능 및 이화학적 특성에 미치는 감마선 조사의 영향

김미정(Mi-Jung Kim),송유진(Eu-Jin Song),이소영(So-Young Lee),김꽃봉우리(Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim),김서진(Seo-Jin Kim),이소정(So-Jeong Lee),윤소영(So-Young Yoon),김아람(Ah-Ram Kim),전유진(You-Jin Jeon),박진규(Jin-Gyu Park),최종일(Jong-Il Ch 한국식품영양과학회 2008 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.37 No.11

감마선 조사는 식품의 부패방지 및 안정성 향상을 위해 그 사용 범위가 확대되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 패 분말과 70% 발효주정 추출물에 3, 7 및 20 kGy로 감마선을 조사하여 항산화능의 변화를 알아보았다. 패 분말에 감마선 조사하여 70% 발효주정으로 추출한 뒤 수율, 총 페놀화합물 함량 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거능의 변화를 알아본 결과, 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 수율은 증가하여 20 kGy 조사구에서는 19%의 수율을 보였으나, 총 페놀화합물 함량 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거능에 있어서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 패 70% 발효주정 추출물에 감마선 조사하여 총 페놀화합물 함량, 항산화능 및 이화학적 특성 변화를 알아본 결과, Rancimat에 의한 항산화도에 있어서는 비조사구 및 3, 7, 20 kGy 조사구 각각 1.07, 0.74, 0.91 및 1.22의 AI값을 보여 3과 7 kGy 조사구는 감소하였으며, 20 kGy 조사구는 증가하였다. 총 페놀화합물 함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 분말에 감마선 조사하였을 때와 같이 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 색도는 감마선 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 색이 감소하는 경향을 보였고, pH의 경우 조사구가 비조사구보다 다소 감소한 값을 보였다. 따라서 감마선 조사된 패70% 발효주정 추출물은 본래의 항산화 활성을 유지하면서 비조사구보다 패 추출물 본래의 색이 옅어져 식품에 첨가시 식품자체의 색에 큰 영향을 미치지 않아 식품 천연 항산화제로서 적용이 용이할 것으로 사료된다. The effects of γ-irradiation on antioxidant and physicochemical properties of powder and 70% fermented ethanol extracts of Ishige okamurai (I. okamurai) were investigated. In case of powder, although yields were increased, there were no significant changes in total phenolic compounds (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect by γ-irradiation at 3, 7, and 20 kGy. In case of 70% fermented ethanol extracts, the results of TPC and DPPH radical scavenging effects showed no significant changes. However, antioxidant index increased in the 20 kGy irradiated I. okamurai extracts and decreased in 3 kGy irradiated ones. The optical density value of UV spectrum at 427 nm significantly decreased depending on increasing irradiation dosage. In conclusion, irradiated extracts of I. okamurai can be applied to the food industry due to irradiation stability on antioxidant properties. Also, irradiated extracts can be more useful for food processing as a result of a decrease of extracts color by irradiation.

Applicability of Different Analytical Methods for the Identification of γ-Irradiated Fresh Mushrooms During Storage

Kashif Akram,안재준,김귀란,권중호 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.2

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence (TL), and electron spin resonance (ESR)analyses were performed to identify γ-irradiated (0, 1,2,and 3 kGy) fresh mushrooms (oyster, king oyster, and shiitake mushrooms) during storage at 5oC. PSL analysis gave negative results [<700 photon counts (PCs)] for the nonirradiated and intermediate (700-5,000 PCs) or positive results (>5,000 PCs) for the irradiated samples. The shape,intensity, and occurrence of TL glow curve in a typical temperature range (150-250oC) along with TL ratio (TL1/TL2) provided sufficient information to confirm the irradiation history of samples. Storage resulted in a negligible fading effect on PSL and TL characteristics. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the abundance of feldspar and quartz minerals in the separated dust from mushrooms. In detailed ESR analysis employing different sample pre-treatments,all samples were silent for radiation-specific ESR signals giving only a central signal (g=2.005) that showed an increase in intensity upon irradiation.

Physical and chemical properties of γ-irradiated EVOH film

Jae Byun, Y.,Hong, S.I.,Kim, K.B.,Jeon, D.H.,Kim, J.M.,Whiteside, W.S.,Jin Park, H. Pergamon 2007 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.76 No.6

The effects of γ-irradiation on ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) were investigated. Oxygen permeability decreased as irradiation dose increased in non-oriented (EF-CR), biaxially oriented (EF-XL) EVOH, and nylon/EVOH/PP. Irradiation increased tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (%E) of EF-CR; whereas, TS of EF-XL was not significantly changed and %E of EF-XL decreased. Irradiation had no effect on TS and %E of nylon/EVOH/PP. Four volatile compounds, ε-caprolactam, 2-propyldecanol, 2-butyloctanol, and 2,3-diethyl-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-butanediol, were detected after irradiation. Optical properties were not changed.

감마선 조사로 유도된 간세포와 조혈계 손상 마우스에서 퀘르세틴 투여 후의 방사선방호 효과

강정애(Jung Ae Kang),윤선혜(Seon Hye Yoon),노종국(Jong Kook Rho),최대성(Dae Seong Choi),장범수(Beom-Su Jang),박상현(Sang Hyun Park) 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.44 No.7

본 연구는 BALB/c 마우스에서 감마선 조사 후 퀘르세틴을 7일 동안 경구 투여하여 감마선 조사로 인한 조혈계 및 간세포 손상에 대한 방사선 회복 효과를 검토하였다. 퀘르세틴을 투여한 군은 감마선 조사군에 비해 비장 및 흉선 지수, 백혈구 수치가 증가하여 조혈 면역계 손상에 대해 보호 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 ALT와 AST의 활성도 감마선 조사군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하여 간세포 손상에 대한 보호효과를 확인하였다. 방사선 조사에 의해 체내에서 생성된 자유라디칼은 생체물질과 결합하여 지질과산화를 일으키고 산화적 스트레스를 유도하여 조직을 손상시킨다. 퀘르세틴을 투여한 군의 지질과산화는 감마선 조사군에 유의적으로 낮게 나타나 방사선에 의한 장애를 감소시켰으며, 항산화효소도 감마선 조사군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하여 생체 내항산화 활성도 회복시켰다. 이상의 결과를 통해 방사선 조사후에 퀘르세틴의 투여는 방사선에 의한 조혈계 및 간세포 손상에 대해 회복 효과가 있어 방사선 보호제로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of quercetin against radiation-induced hepatocellular and hematopoiectic damage in BALB/c mice. Mice were exposed to 6 Gy of γ-radiation and orally administered quercetin (25, 50 mg/kg b.w.) for 7 consecutive days. γ-Irradiation caused marked elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, levels as well as reduction of spleen index, thymus index, and the number of white blood cells. In addition, γ-irradiation induced significant elevation of lipid peroxidation as well as reduction of antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. However, post-treatment with quercetin resulted in a significant recovery of all of these parameters. These results suggest that quercetin acts as a potent radioprotector against irradiation-induced cellular damage in mice.

Radioprotective Effect of Hesperetin against γ-Irradiationinduced DNA Damage and Immune Dysfunction in Murine Splenocytes

강정애,윤선혜,Jong Kook Rho,장범수,Dae Seong Choi,Dong-Eun Lee,변의백,Jongho Jeon,박상현 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.suppl1

This study was conducted to evaluate the preventive effect of hesperetin against radiationinduced DNA damage and immune dysfunction in murine splenocytes. Isolated splenocytes from BALB/c mice were treated with hesperetin (20, 100, and 500 μM), and then irradiated at a dose of 2 and 4 Gy of γ-irradiation. Exposure to γ-radiation resulted in DNA damage and a reduction of cell viability as well as an elevation of the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species), and NO (nitric oxide). Hesperetin significantly enhanced the cell viability of the splenocytes compared with the irradiated group. In addition, hesperetin was found to be highly effective in preventing DNA damage as identified by comet and DNA ladder assays. Hesperetin also effectively inhibited proinflammatory cytokines, intracellular ROS, and NO in irradiated splenocytes. In conclusion, hesperetin was shown to be radioprotective against irradiation-induced DNA damage and immune dysfunction in murine splenocytes.