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수용성 키토산의 SD 랫드에 대한 4 주 반복 경구 투여 독성시험
장범수,임종환,윤효인,Jang, Beom-su,Lim, Jong-hwan,Yun, Hyo-in 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.2
Chitosan is known to have antibacterial, antitumorogenic, hypolipidemic and immunopotentiating activities, hence finding diverse uses as a component in varying functional foodstuffs. However, some investigators reported it caused mineral absoiption inhibition and excess coagulation. From the chemical viewpoint, conventional chitosans are high-molecule polymers lacking water solubility, which could be related with their possible toxicity. A newly developed low- molecule water soluble chitosan is thought to have low toxicity compared to conventional chitosans. But no investigation was carried out to evaluate its toxicity. In this study, a 28-day subacute oral toxicity study of the water-soluble chitosan was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes. Each 36 male and female rats were orally administered with 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg/day for 28 consecutive days, respectively. Clinical parameters (growth rate, feed and water consumption, daily inspection, urine analysis) during the 28 days indicated the water-soluble chitosan did not induce any abnonnal changes. There were no abnormal findings due to the administration of the test substance in gross and microscopic findings. We had not found alteration in absolute and relative organ weight between the control and treated groups, with only exception in the liver but lacking dose-dependency. The results of hematology and serum biochemistry examination revealed that no treatment related changes were between control and all dose groups. In conclusion, it was suggested that subacute toxicity of the water-soluble chitosan was low and the no-observed adverse effect level was considered to be over 2,000 mg/kg in rats.
테크네슘-99엠 트리카보닐 시스테인의 제조 및 생물학적 특성 평가
장범수,박경배,윤효인,Jang, Beom-su,Park, Kyung-bae,Yun, Hyo-in 대한수의학회 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.1
This paper describes the development of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine as potential renal function diagnostic radiopharmaceutical and evaluation of its biological characteristics using experimental animals. l-Cysteine was labeled efficiently with $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl precursor $([^{99m}Tc(CO)_3(H_2O)_3)]^{+})$ under 30 min heating at ${75^{\circ}C}$. Labeling yield and stability were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biodistribution property of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine in mice and its dynamic imaging profiles in rabbits were carried out. To investigate the excretion mechanism of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine, tubular transport inhibition test with probenecid was adopted. $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine was obtained with a high labeling yield under the moderate condition. The results of biodistribution experiments of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine in ICR mice at 3 and 90 min provided that $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine was very highly accumulated in the kidney and bladder, thereby almost 99% of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine was excreted within 90 min post injection. The same results were confirmed by the whole body dynamic images for 30 minutes and static images in rabbits at given time intervals after injection. Renogram of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine in rabbits showed that its $T_{max}$ and $T_{1/2}$ of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine were $2.33{\pm}0.56$ and $4.30{\pm}0.79$ min, respectively. The $T_{max}$ of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine with probenecid pretreatment was $2.30{\pm}0.17$ min, whereas $T_{1/2}$ of that with probenecid pretreatment was $17.0{\pm}32.47$ min. $T_{1/2}$ of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine with probenecid pretreatment was significantly different, as compared to the result without probenecid (p<0.0001). The results showed that the excretion of $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine was extremely affected by probenecid. Therefore, $^{99m}Tc$ tricarbonyl cysteine was rapidly excreted from the kidney principally by the tubular secretion.
E504 EJB 컨테이너 시스템의 데이터베이스 커넥션 관리 방법
서범수(Beom-Su Seo),김성훈(Sung-Hoon Kim),장철수(Choul-Soo Jang),김중배(Joong-Bae Kim) 한국정보과학회 2002 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.29 No.2Ⅲ
EJB(Enterprise Java Bean)에서는 데이터베이스나 JMS(Java Message Service), 메일, ERP와 같은 외부 시스템 자원을 사용하기 위해 EJB 스펙은 JCA(Java Connector Architecture) 사용을 권장하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 E504(Enterprise 504) EJB 컨테이너가 사용하는 여러 가지 자원 중 데이터베이스 커넥션에 초점을 맞추어, EJB 스펙에서 논의하고 있는 리소스 관리 요구 사항과 JCA를 이용한 데이터베이스 커넥션 관리 방법 및 빈에서 발생 가능한 커넥션 요청 모델에 대해 논의한다.
형광유도체화법을 이용한 Moxidectin 정량 및 피하주사 후 돼지에서의 잔류 연구
장범수,임종환,박병권,김민규,윤효인,Jang, Beom-su,Lim, Jong-hwan,Park, Byung-kwon,Kim, Min-Kyu,Yun, Hyo-in 대한수의학회 2004 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.44 No.1
We established a new method to analyze moxidectin using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with fluorescence derivatization in order to obtain its residual profiles in biological samples. Recovery of moxidectin in tissue was 62% at 10 ppb. Average detection reproducibility in terms of coefficience variation was 4.47% at 0.32 to 10 ppb. Residual of moxidectin was studied in 44 Yorkshire-Landrace mixed bred male pigs administered subcutaneously 0, 200, or $800{\mu}g/kg$ body weight (BW) Residual profiles of moxdectin in blood, muscle, liver, kidney and fat of pigs were described. The concentration of the moxidectin in liver after administration of moxidectin was the highest among the tissues examined. Moxidectin in liver after administration of moxidectin as $200{\mu}g/kg$ BW was declined from $10.0{\pm}3.7ng/g$ at 10 day post administration to $0.5{\pm}0.3ng/g$ level at 40 day post administration. Residual levels of moxidectin in all samples were estimated to fall below the limit of quantitation (0.32 ng/ml) after 50 day after treatment of $200{\mu}g/kg$. Moxidectin showed no abnormal observations in all the clinical findings at any concentrations under these experimental conditions. In conclusion, this analysis method by HPLC after fluorescence derivatization was very effective for the detection of moxidectin in biological samples. We suggest that 50-day is safe enough for the withdrawal time of moxidectin in pigs, following the recommendation dose by the manufacturer.