가스크로마토그래피를 이용한 요중 마뇨산 측정시 새로운 시료 전처리 방법의 검증

조수현,임용현,김선민,권호장,하미나,한상환 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Urinary hippuric acid was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. A simple and economical derivatization procedure using excessive methanol in acidic condition was adopted to esterify hippuric acid. Quantitative analysis was performed with two internal standards, heptadecanoic acid and hydrocinnamic acid, to evaluate the derivatization procedure as an analytical method. Using the standard addition method, linear and reproducible calibration curves were obtained for both internal standards. Calibration experiment showed that good quantitative result could also be obtained with the calibration curve obtained without urine matrix. Recovery rates for the urine samples were in the range of 95.6∼111.4%. Using hydrocinnamic acid as internal standard, analysis time could be reduced.

企業 Image에 관한 小考 : Corporate color를 중심으로

조용수,조정환 진주여자전문대학 1995 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The most important thing of the corporate color can be a visual effect. In recent, recognizing the importance of corporate identity, many companies are introducing a new CI contending with others. Accordingly the consumers select the importance of color first in recognizing the image of corporate. The purpose of this study is to describe the relations of corporate color and form affecting in case of selecting corporate color, the meaning of colors, the colors being affected in fashion, the corporate color of two tones, special color and the regional differences of colors. So it is to represent a good direction in case of selecting corporate color in many companies. This study will also suggest the direction of analytical method of corporate color applying image scale of NCD, and will predict and analyze the following tendency of corporate color.

크레인의 능력을 고려한 MOB 자동창고 시스템의 저장과 불출정책

조용환,손권익 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This paper deals with storage and retrieval policies for S/R machine with capacity constraints in Man-On-Board AS/RS. It is assumed that storage sequence is based in SFC(spacefilling curve) routine and that storage layout is dedicated by storage policies. We present several heuristic algorithms for storage and retrieval policies which minimize total distance travelled by the S/R machine. These algorithms are based on COI.group COI, frequency of order, similarity between items and capacity of S/R machine. Experimental results of 24 combinastorial policies are provided to illustrate the performance of the heuristics under various rack utilization ratio. In storage policies, the results show that algorithms considering both similarity and frequency are better than those with COI as rack utilization is increasing. And algorithm using group COI is superior to others. In retrieval policies, the method with revision expression is shown to be better than others.

농아에서의 측두골 전산화 단층촬영 소견과 다른검사 요인과의 연관성

조태환,이상흔,권대구,엄규상,성창섭,김용선,한기원 경북대학교 병원 1998 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Temporal bone high resolution computed tomogram(TBHRCT)is a essential diagnostic tool in considering for cochlear implantation in patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss. This study was designed for an effort to provide and efficacy of TBHRCT in determination of inner ear malformations for the patients who have profound sensorineural hearing loss and to examine the relationships between TBHRCT findings and other preoperative evalutions for cochlear implantation in that patients. Authors examined 68 deaf patients to provide fundamental data for cochlear implantation. Inner ear abnormalities were founded in 13(19%) patients, among which 10(14.7%) patients had Mondini'dysplasia in which 5 patients were hypoplastic type and 5 patients were hydrops type. Other inner ear abnormalities were as follows : lateral semicircular canal hypoplasia ; internal auditory canal abnormality ; cochlear aqueduct widening ; vestibular aqueduct widening. No relationships were found between TBHRCT findings and other test results. : promontory test, K-WISC cognitive test etc.(Korean J Otolaryngol 39 : 8, 1996)

1995년에서 1998년 사이 김해 일부지역 초등학교 5학년 학생들의 체격 및 체력의 변화

조은희,이용환 고신대학교 보건과학연구소 2000 보건과학연구소보 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study was to obtain the data of the changes on physique and physical fitness for 4 years(1995-1998). In each year, 400 children were selected and analyzed from 1995 to 1998 in 5th grade elementary school children, composed of 200 girls and 200 boys. Measured parameters in physique were height, weight, chest girth, sitting height and obesity, in physical fitness, 100m sprint, standing broad jump, flexed arm hang time, sit-ups, ball throwing, and 600m distance run / The obtained results were as follows. 1.In physique, height, weight, chest girth, and sitting height had the tendency toward increasing as time was went. Body weight of boys and chest girth of girls increased every year 2.The number of school children who were more than moderately obese was Increased smaller in 1998 compared to 1995, though the obese children was little more than 8.5% in every year 3.In physical fitness, the records of 100m sprint, 600m distance run, and ball throwing had the tendency of inferiority in 1998 to 1995 It is necessary to develop and apply the programs for the improvement of physical fitness and the prevention of obesity for the promotion of health in school children

역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응을 이용한 사람의 활성 T세포 항원 CTLA-4 유전자 클로닝 및 마우스 L세포에서의 발현

조양자,장경덕,정용훈,박장환,김경희 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.2

Occupancy of the T-cell receptor (TCR) by antigen in association with class Ⅱ MHC molecule is required for the initiation of T cell activation. However TCR stimulation is not a sufficient signal to account for all the observed events that occur during T cell activation. And in the absence of a second costimulatory signal provided by abtigen presenting cell antigen specific signal may lead to clonal inactivation or energy. CD28, a T cell surface molecule first defined by monoclonal antibody 9.3 on human cells, appears to function as an alternative, TCR/CD3-independent, activation pathway for T cell. This molecule provides costimulatory signal for T cell proliferation by increasing a number of lymphokines and cytokines production. A T cell activation antigen CTLA-4 is homologous to CD28 with 28% amino acid and 67% of nucleic acid homology in the protein coding region. CTLA-4 was ofiginally identified by the differential screening follosing subtractive hybridization of murine cytotoxic T cell cDNA library and mapped to the same lacation on chromosome 2 in human and chromosome 1 in mouse as CD28. These findings and activation associated expression pattern of CTLA-4 raise question about functional role of this molecule in T cell activation. In this study human CTLA-4 cDNA was amplified from phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human peropheral blood lymphocytes mRNA by using reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. And amplified human CTLA-4 cDNA was subsequently cloned into pRC/CMV vector. In double stranded DNA sequencing the 331st base of protein coding region was changed from guanylic acid of human CTLA-4 from alanine to threonine. Murind L cell transfected with this clone expressed 36kD protein. It appears that this dirrerence of molecular weight between native (34kD) and recombinant (36kD) human CTLA-4 molecule may due to glycosylation differences. The cDNA and murine CTLA-4 molecule may due to glycosylation differences. The cDNA and murine L cell lines expressing human CTLA-4 developed by this study would contribute in future work unveiling the biological rile of CTLA-4 in T cell activation.

레니텍^(�) 정(말레인산 에날라프릴, 10mg)에 대한 에나레이스 정의 생물학적 동등성

조성희,하용화,홍성제,서성훈,류재환,김동현,이경태 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.3

The purpose of present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two enalapril maleate tablets, Renitec^(™) (MSD Korea Ltd.) and Enalace ^(™) (Welfide Korea Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food Drug Administration (KFDA). Twenty-four normal male volunteers, 22.33±2.55 year in age and 66.54±8.30 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containint 10 ㎎ of enal-april maleate per tablet wre orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and concentrations of enalapril in plasma were determined using LC-MS-MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t) and C_(max) untransformed T_(max). There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals for the log transfored data were acceptance range of log0.8 to log1.25(e.g., log1.02∼log1.14 and log1.03∼log1.19 for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively). The major parameters, AUC_(t) and C_(max), met the criteria of KDFA for bioequivalence indicating that Enalace^(™) tablet is bioequivalent to Renitec^(™) tablet.

農機械共同利用組織의 擴大發展方案에 關한 硏究 : 機械化 營農團을 中心으로 With reference to the Mechonized Farming Unit

曺在六,鄭煥庸 全南大學校企業經營硏究所 1981 産業經濟硏究 Vol.8 No.1

Ⅰ. Introduction Last two decades witnessed a rapid social transformation featured by urbanization along with industrialization. Spatial concentration of people and activities particularly in urban area has been the major feature in the course of the development efforts. It gave rise to the problem of rural exodus of the young, which has led to the reduction of the quantity and the deterioration of the quality of the rural labour. Therefore, it has become a sine qua non to induce mechanization of farming activities not only to make up for shortage of labour but to increase the agricultural productivity. The government came to enact a law in 1978 to promote farming mechanization. Acoording to this law, local governments are given commission to help organize and operate the mechanized farming units when necessary. It is only two years since the operation of the mechanized farming units began, it may be premature to assess the effect. However, it is an urgent need for the government and the people concerned to provide an efficient policy direction in order to support the operation of those units. To meet this need, this study aims to identify the problems arising from their operations with a view to provision of strategies for improvment of the operations and management of the new system. Ⅱ. Type and Present Situation of the Mechanized Farming Units Mechanized farming units are generally in operation with the aims of the reduction of farming labour cost, joint share of the purchasing expenses, collective acquirement of operation and managing techniques, joint performant of its related works, and diversification of risks in the use of machines. Therefore, the types of mechenized cooperative farming organizations may depending upon the motivation, pattern of operations, and the objective or the subject of the research. Based upon the subect, we can classify most of the units into two different kinds; one is the mechanized farming unit of the cooperative type, and the other of the village type. The former may be said to be led by the government, and the latter by the individual farm household. In chonnam province, the mechanized farming units have different names which reflect similar ideas without any deliberate any deliberate attempt to distinguish between them. The terms such as comprehensive mechanized demonstration unit, mechanized farming center, saemaul farming unit, and saemaul quasi-farming unit refer to different size of the units in terms of the operation. As of 1981, there are seventy two units of farm machine work in the province; one unit of the cowprehensive farming machines for demonstration purpose, six mechanized farming centers, forty saemaul farming units, and twenty five saemaul quasi-farming units. Ⅲ. Problems and Issues identified. The problems and issues observed in the process of this study can be devided into two different kinds, one kind is related to the operation itself, and the other is related to the management of the organization. The problems arising from the operation are follows; 1. Difficulties related to the procedures for mortgage to secure the loan for the purchase of farming machines 2. Delayed supply of farming machines 3. Low rate of farmers' participation in the operation, because most units are in operation mainly by the youth club 4. Depository fee is calculated in general based on the customary or traditional levels. It has to be based upon the cost accounting. The problems arising from the management of the units are as follows: 1. Frequent machine troubles due to unskilled operation techniques of those who are handling farming machines 2. Insufficient delivery systems to secure better access to repair services. 3. Difficulties related to obtaining parts of the farming machines imported from overseas Ⅳ. Guidliness for the Promotion of Mechanized Farming Units It is desirable to foster in prority the mechanized farming unit of village type which will bring up the client participation in the utilization of the system where by problems in operation and management might be solved with ease. The units of the cooperative type should perform the function of demonstration effect. It is also desirable to trust the operation of the units to the control of Saemaul leaders. Saemaul leaders of adjacent villages may organize a commission, if necessary, to decide the ways to utilize the farming machines for the common interest. In terms of adequate size of the unit, the composition of the farming machines should be based upon the combination of working efficiency of the machinery. The working capacity of each farming unit in the province has been calculated as 43.2 hectares of transplanting and 10.8 hectares of harvesting, given the present condition that each farming unit has two transplanters, one combiner(harvester), two tractors, etc. Ⅴ. Conclusion Policy Measures for Mechanized Farming Units are recommended as following. 1. The Government should enforce its policy to speed up the land consolidation to provide the favorable foundation for the mechanization of farming activities. 2. It is most recommendable to integrate supporting agencies in existance into one. 3. Government supports should be extended toward village type farming units focussing on those activities as transplanting and harvesting. Full-utilization of the existing farming machinery owned by individual farm household will be complementary 4. It is necessary to introduce a sort of insurance system against the crop damage in order to give favorable incentives to the probable trusters of farming activities. If the landholders thought it a dangerous venture to trust farming activities to the mechanized farming unit, the process of farming mechanization would be delayed.

Krull環에 關한 小考

曺容桓 全北大學校 師範大學 1981 사대논문집 Vol.7 No.-

本 論文은 整域R이 Krull環이 되기 위한 必要充分 條件을 찾으려는 것이다.

特性不安의 下位領域과 洋弓記錄과의 關係

조성환,이용인,김동건 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.1

Through 26 female archery players attending middle or high school in a psychologic unsettled period, we examine the effects of color and music on archery record. Then we come to a conclusion below. 1. There is no record difference in the statistics according to the hight of anxiety( =0.01 ) but strictly speaking low anxiety group shows better record than high anxiety group 2. There is a meaningful result in record difference by music according to anxiety and group with low anxiety shows higher record than group with high anxiety.( p〈0.01 ) 3. When various color is served, low anxiety group shows better record than high anxiety group. And the record by color by color is higher like this order ; white〉blue〉red〉yellow〉black. There is a big record difference between red and blue targets.( p〈0,01 ) 4. When we observe the record difference according to existence and nonexistence of music, we can see that nonexistence of music produce better record than existence of that.( p〈0.01 ) And the record gets lower when various color is provided.