Information Technology의 기존 관광산업에 대한 영향 및 향후 Trend에 대한 전망 : 사이버여행사 수익모델을 중심으로 Profit Model of Cyber Travel Agency

조현준,나윤중,임형순,엄서호 한국문화관광학회 2001 문화관광연구 Vol.3 No.1

IT has an influence on the travel agency as chance and threat. The purpose of this study is to find what profit model of cyber travel agency. Ernst&Young's five business profit models that are based on target audience and transaction focus is selected to evaluated existing model of cyber travel agency. Those are off-line facilitator, gateway, context provider, commerce destination, online exchange. The result of this study show that there is no specific profit model in domestic cyber and on-offline travel agencies. Just Portal cyber travel agencies abroad have a few profit model. They have online exchange model, which are various target audience and abound provide contents.

매복된 하악 제1대구치의 외과적 노출술을 이용한 치험례

조윤정,박영옥,김태완,김현정,김영진,남순현 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

제1대구치는 저작과 혼합치열기 이후의 수직적 교합관계형성에 핵심적인 역할을 하고 악골의 성장발육에 관여한다. 제1대구치의 매복은 하안면 고경의 감소, 낭의 형성, 치관 주위염, 인접치의 치근 흡수, 부정 교합 등의 문제점을 야기할 수 있다. 치료방법으로는 주기적 관찰, 외과적 노출술, 교정적 견인, 외과적 재위치술, 발치 등이 있으며 이중 외과적 노출술이 가장 기본이 되는 술식이다. 외과적 노출술시에는 맹출로의 개방성을 유지하는 것이 중요하며 개방성을 유지시키기 위한 방법으로는 레진관의 접착, 산화 아연 유지놀 시멘트, 치주포대 등을 노출된 부위에 충전시키는 방법 등이 있다. 본 증례에서는 매복된 하악 제1대구치에서 장애물의 제거와 외과적 노출술을 시행한 결과 자발적인 맹출을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 surgical pack과 투명상유지장치를 사용하여 간편하고 효과적으로 맹출로의 개방성을 유지할 수 있었다.

SATS프로그램이 중학생들의 환경 문제에 대한 태도와 학업 성취도에 미치는 효과

조현순 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 1996 이화교육논총 Vol.7 No.-

The development of science and technology not only improved the quality of life of human being, but also brought about environmental problems. Consequently, consensus has been established that early environmental education for youngsters is critical for the preservation of clean environment. A conventional way of teaching has not been very effective for changing their attitude and behavior regarding environmental problems. STS program, which has been one of the major trend in science education, intends to teach science through everyday experience rather than knowledge. This study purports to examine the effectiveness of STS program on environmental problems compared to conventional teaching method. Six week program was developed and applied to subchapter' Environmental Pollutions $ Our Live' 3rd grade middle school science text book. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. STS program was significantly effective in changing students' attitude (p < .001). It was effective not only changing their thinking but also changing their behavior. 2. There was no difference between the STS program and conventional teaching method in improving students' Knowledge(p > .05). 3. The correlation between the level of knowledge achievement and the attitude on environment was very low(r=.0564, p > .05).

구치부 인접면 와동에서 유동성 복합레진 이장재의 두께가 치은 변연부 미세누출에 미치는 영향

조윤정,김태완,김현정,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

This in vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of flowable composite lining with different thicknesses on the marginal quality. One hundred twenty cavities, each preparated with proximal box-type(3mm of bucco-lingual width, 2mm of mesio-distal depth and gingival margin of 1mm supra-CEJ) were randomly dived into four groups. group I : Tetric ceram filling alone (control group) group II: 0.5mm thickness Tetric flow + Tetric ceram filling group III: 1.5mm thickness Tetric flow + Tetric ceram filling group IV: 2.5mm thickness Tetric flow + Tetric ceram filling The followings are the results: 1. Group II showed significantly less microleakage compared to group I(control group)(p<0.05). 2. There was no statistically significant difference between group III, IV and group I(p>0.05). 3. Group II showed significantly less microleakage compared to group III. IV(p<0.05). 4. There was microleakage more or less in all group. It was concluded that 0.5mm flowable composite lining improved cavity adaptation and marginal sealing. 구치부 인접면 와동에서 유동성 복합레진 이장재의 두께가 치은측 변연의 미세누출에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 발거된 소구치 및 대구치의 근, 원심면에 box 형태의 와동(협설폭경 3mm, 근원심폭경 2mm, 상아법랑경계 상방 1mm에 치은 변연) 120개를 형성한 뒤, 무작위로 30개씩 선정하여 다음과 같은 4개의 군으로 분류하였다. group I- Tetric ceram 충전군(대조군) group II- 0.5mm두께의 Tethc flow + Tetric ceram group III- 1.5mm두께의 Tetric flow + Tetric ceram group IV- 2.5mm두께의 Tetric flow + Tethc ceram 색소침투법으로 치은측 변연부 미세누출을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. l. group II는 groupI에 비해 낮은 미세누출을 보였다(p<0.05). 2. group III,IV과 group I 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 미세누출의 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 3. group II는 group III, IV에 비해 낮은 미세누출을 보였다(p<0.05). 4. 모든 group에서 정도의 차이는 있으나 치경부에서 미세누출을 보였다. 이상의 결과로, 혼합형 복합레진으로의 구치부 인접면 와동 수복시 0.5mm 두께의 유동성 레진으로의 와동저 이장은 치은측 변연의 봉쇄능을 향상시켜 변연부 미세누출을 감소시킬 수 있는 방법으로 사료된다.

항생제 혼합 시멘트 정을 이용한 장관골 감염성 불유합의 이단계 치료

조세현,정순택,박형빈,황선철,하용찬,황인환 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적: 장관골 감염성 불유합의 치료 시 항생제 혼합 시멘트 정을 이용한 이단계 재건술의 결과를 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2002년 9월까지 장관골 감염성 불유합으로 이단계 재건 수술을 받은 41예 (대퇴골 26예, 경골 15예)를 대상으로 하였다. 일단계 수술에서는 광범위한 변연 절제술, 부골 제거 및 세척술과 기존 고정 장치의 제거 또는 외고정 장치로의 교환을 시행한 후 시공 (dead space)과 불유합 주변 연부조직 내 항생제 혼합 시멘트 정을 삽입하였다. 임상적 감염 증상이 호전된 평균 8.7주 (3주~32주) 후 이단계 재건술로서 Ⅰ군은 내고정 장치 (금속판 5예, 골수강내 금속정 8예), Ⅱ군은 외고정 장치 (Ilizarov 25예, Monofixator 3예)로 각각 고정하고 17예에서는 골내 이동술이나 골 연장술을 시행하였다. 양군 모두 필요한 경우 골 이식과 시멘트 정의 교환을 추가하였다. 추시 기간은 16개월에서 최장 71개월로 평균 45개월 이었다. 치료 결과는 골유합 기간 및 Paley 방법에 의한 방사선상 골유합 상태와 하지 기능으로 평가하였다. 결과: Ⅰ군 13예 전부와 Ⅱ군 28예 중 26예에서 감염의 치료와 골유합을 얻었다. 이단계 재건술 후 골 이식술, 골 소파술, 외고정 핀 교환과 각변형 교정술, 피부 이식 또는 근육 피판 회전술 등의 보조적 시술이 Ⅰ군은 평균 2회, Ⅱ군은 평균 6.2회 추가되었다. 평균 골유합 기간은 Ⅰ군이 19.3주이고 Ⅱ군이 23.1주로 내고정군이 더 빨랐다. 방사선상 Paley 골유합 상태는 Ⅰ군이 우수 8예, 양호 5예이었고, Ⅱ군이 우수 18예, 양호 7예, 보통 1예, 불량 2예 이었다 (p=0.492). 기능적 결과는 Ⅰ군에서 우수 6예, 양호 6예, 보통 1예 이었고, Ⅱ군에서는 우수 10예, 양호 13예, 보통 3예, 불량 2예 이었다 (p=0.267). 결론: 항생제 혼합 시멘트 정의 골수염 치료 효과가 관찰되었으며, 감염이 호전된 후 내고정 장치로 교환해 준 군이 외고정을 유지한 군에 비하여 추가 수술 횟수가 적고, 골유합 기간도 빨랐다. Purpose: To evaluate treatment results between internal na external fixation groups in two-stage reconstruction of infected nonunion of long bones using antibiotics-impregnated cement beads. Materials and Methods: In the first stage, preexisting hardwares were removed and radical debridement was done. The dead space was filled with antibiotics -impregnated cement beads and the nonunion sits was immobilized by external fixation, cast or skeletal traction. In the second stage, all cases were divided into two groups; the nonunion was fixed by internal fixation in group Ⅰ versus external fixation in group Ⅱ. The intervening period between the first and second stage was average 8.7 weeks (range, 3~23 weeks). Results: The follow-up period was average 45 months (range, 16~71 months). Infection control and bone union were achieved in all 13 cases of group Ⅰ. Infection recurred in two of 28 cases in group Ⅱ, one underwent above-knee amputation and the other case was lost in follow-up. The mean number of supportive operations including repeated curettage, augmentation and change of infected pins, angular correction, and soft tissue flap was average 2 and 6.2 times respectively in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ. Bony union period was average 19.3 and 23.1 weeks in each group. According to Paley's classification, group Ⅰ was similar to group Ⅱ in bony and functional result (p>0.05). Conclusion: Antibiotics-impregnated cement beads provided positive effect on infection control. Internal fixation group showed less number of additional operations and earlier bony union than external fixation group.

低濃度 Al-Si系合金에 있어서의 Si 析出物의 粗大化 現象

趙顯麒,李基大,崔德淳 慶北大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

The coarsening behaviours of Si precipitates in dilute Al-Si alloys havs been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy and also determined the number density of Si precipitates and activation energy for the growth of precipitates. The mean radius of Si precipitates in dilute Al-Si alloys was proportional to (time)^(1/3) and this results agree with Lifshitz-Wagner theory for the diffusion controlled mechanism. The number density of Si precipitates was decreased monotonously with increasing of ageing time. Activation energies for the coarsening of Si precipitates in Al-0.8wt% Si alloy and Al-1.2wt%Si alloy were 33.44 Kcal/mol and 32.9 Kcal/mol respectively, which agreed with that of inter-diffusion.

투기종목 선수들의 무산소성 역치의 특성

조현철,송순천,김춘경,김의영,안용규,이규석,김학렬 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1991 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of the present study is to determine the levels of maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold of boxing players(n=23), ken-do players(n=18), Judo players(n=12), T.D.K players(n=18). Treadmill test was used to measure maximal state and anaerobic threshold of metabolic variables. Treadmill exercises protocol was 2-min incremental test from an initial work load of 0MPH(grade : 0%) to all-out by step of 1.0MPH(grade : 2%). The results of measurement was as follows : 1. Absolute(1/min) and relative(ml/kg/min) maximal oxygen uptake was highest(5.08l/min, 65.01 ml/kg/min) in Judo layers, followed in order by the T.D.K players (4.37l/min, 64.74 ml/kg/min), Boxing players(4.18) l/min, 63.19 ml/kg/min) and ken-do players(3.81l/min, 58.65 ml/kg/min). It is not significant difference in the relative maximal oxygen uptake, but is significant difference between group in the absolute maximal oxygen uptake(p<0.001) 2. AT-VO₂(l/min) and AT-VO₂(ml/kg/min) in the anaerobic threshold was highest (3.71 l/min, 47.28 ml/kg/min) in Judo players, followed in order by the T.K.D players(3.29 l/min, 48.75 ml/kg/min), boxing players(2.90 l/min, 43.91 ml/kg/min) and ken-do players(2.82 l/min, 43.52 ml/kg/min). It is not significant difference in the AT-V02(ml/kg/min), but is significant difference between group in the AT-V02(l/min). (p<0.001) 3. %HRmax and %V 02max in the anaerobic threshold was not significant difference between group.

경기종목의 특성에 따른 유·무산소성 대사능력 및 무산소성 파워에 관한 실험적 연구

조현철,송순천,김학렬,손태열 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1989 論文集 Vol.40 No.2

This experimental study was designed, 1) to observe maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold during incremental loading treadmill exercise by 2-min interval. 2) to determine the anaerobic power in the wingate test during bicycle ergometer work with toe-stirrups. The subject were 16 college elite boxing player, 10 college elite soccer player The results were as -follows: 1. The means±SD of maximal oxygen uptake and maximal oxygen uptake per kg body weight were 4.06±0.66l/min, 4.27±0.46l/min, and 60.58±7.61ml/kg/min 63.05±3.41ml/kg/min, respectively. also maximal heart rate were 187.88±9.44 beats/min, 185.40±6.57 beats/min. respectively. 2. The means±SD of maximal oxygen uptake and maximal oxygen uptake per kg body weight at anaerobic threshold was 2.93±0.5l/min, 3.23±0.47l/min (AT-VO2. l/min), and 43.70±6.97ml/kg/min, 47.71±4.99ml/kg/min (AT-VO2. ml/kg/min), respectively. also Anaerobic Treshold level (AT-% VO2max) was about 72.49±4.37% VO2max, 75.37±8.8% VO2max, and AT-% HRmax was about 86.07±5.97% HRmax, 87.84±6.25% HRmax, respectively. 3. The means ±SD of Anaerobic Power in the wingate test was 592.50±65.42 Wattes, 588.00±46.30 Wattes, respectively. The results of this study indicated that boxing players are incresed training program and exercise prescription for anaerobic metabolic process, soccer players are done training program for aerobic metabolic process, because of decresed maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold level.

Boxing 競技中의 Energy消費量과 運動强度에 關한 硏究

趙顯喆,宋淳天,鄭正眞 龍仁大學校 1989 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyse energy cost by HR-VO2 regression equation and exercise intensity by %HRmax.during the boxing game.The subject were six elite boxing players and five ordinary boxing players. The results obtained from the above research can be summarized follows. 1.Mean energy cost of elite boxing players and ordinary boxing players during the boxing game were 13.54, 11.32㎉/min in 1round, 15.12, 12.86㎉/min in 2round and 15, 50,13.06㎉/min in 3round, respectively. 2.Total energy cost of elite boxing players and ordinary boxing players during the boxing game were 159.84㎉/11min and 136.40㎉/11min, respectively. 3.The exercise intensity of elite boxing players and ordinary boxing players during the boxing game was 93.1, 88.4 %HRmax.in 1round, 97.9, 95.6 %HRmax.in 2round and 97.9, 95.8%HRmax.in 3round, respectively. 4.To perform the boxing game effectively, players will have to elevate their cardio respiratory performance.

파노라마방사선사진 지수와 임플란트 실패와의 관계에 관한 연구

조현정,이원진,허민석,안창현,이진구,이삼선,최순철 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.1

Purpose : Several panoramic indices have been suggested to assess bone quality from the morphology and width of mandibular cortex on panoramic radiography. The purpose of this study was to compare dental implant failure group with control group in panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and gonion index (GI) and to determine the effect of these panoramic indices on dental implant failure. Materials and Methods : A case-control study was designed. Test group (n = 42) consisted of the patients who had their implants extracted because of peri-implantitis. Control group (n = 139) consisted of the patients who retained their implants over one year without any pathologic changes and had been followed up periodically. They had dental implants installed in their mandibles without bone augmentation surgery from 1991 to 2001. The following measures were collected for each patients: 1) PMI, MCI, and GI were measured twice at one-week interval on preoperative panoramic views; and 2) age, sex, implant length, implant type, installed location, occluding dentition state, and complication were investigated from the chart record. Results : The PMI showed moderate level of repeatability. The intra-observer agreement of MCI and GI were good. There was statistically significant difference in PMI between two groups. There were significant different patterns of distribution of MCI and GI between two groups. Among the panoramic indices, PMI and MCI showed significant correlation with dental implant failure. Conclusion : Panoramic indices can be used as reference data in estimating bone quality of edentulous patients who are to have implants installed in their mandibles.