조기 천장골염의 자기공명영상 소견

김태환 ( Tae Hwan Kim ),전재범 ( Jae Bum Jun ),심승철 ( Seung Cheol Shim ),장대국 ( Dae Kook Chang ),고회관 ( Hee Kwan Koh ),정성수 ( Sung Soo Jung ),이인홍 ( In Hong Lee ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ),유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),전의용 대한류마티스학회 1998 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.5 No.2

목적: 천장골염의 유무가 척추 관절염의 진단에 중요한데 단순 골반 검사에서 변화가 없는 환자를 대상으로 MRI를 이용하여 천장골염의 조기변화 소견 및 MRI방법에 따른 장점을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 단순 골반 검사에서 천장골염 유무가 확실하게 구분되지 않은 혈청 음성 척추 관절염 환자 26명을 대상으로 MRI를 시행하고 염증의 주침범위치를 천측과 장측, 관절의 상하로 구분하고, MRI방법에 따른 변화를 비교하였다. 결과: 모든 예에서 조영 증강되는 판누스를 관찰할 수 있었고, Grade I 이하에서는 장골측과 관절하부, 인대성 관절보다 활막성 관절을 더 많이 침범하였다. Grade II 이상에서도 장골측과 관절 하부에 더 많았으나 인대성 관절을 Grade I이하에서보다 더 많이 침범하였다. 관절 주변 지방 침착역시 장골측과 관절 하부에 더 주로 침범하였고 Grade II 이상에서 약간 더 많았다. 관절 주변 골염은 Grade 0에서는 없었고, Grade I에서는 주로 장골측과 관절 하부에서 92%가 양성이었고, Grade II에서는 93%에서, Grade III에서는 64%에서 양성으로, 장골측을 주로 침범하였으나 관절 상하부의 구분은 없었다. 인대성 천장골 관절은 Grade I 이하에서 38%, II 이상에서는 94%에서 침범하였다. 관절 주변 골염과 지방 침착, 그리고 판누스의 관찰에는 MPGR보다 스핀에코 영상이 좋았고, 관절면의 불규칙성 또는 관절강의 확대와 관절 강직여부의 관찰에는 스핀에코에 비해 MPGR 영상이 좋았고, 연골하 경화는 비슷하였다. 천장골염의 정도와 ESR, CRP와의 연관성은 없었다. 걸론: 천장골 관절에서 염증의 시작은 주로 장골 측과 관절의 하부에서 먼저 시작되고, 관절이 진행될수록 장골측에서 천골측까지로 범위가 확대 되었다. MRI방법에 의한 차이로 초기단계에는 스핀에코 영상이 관절염을 확인하는데 도움이 되고 관절면이 불규칙하게 되고 경화가 되어 병이 진행된 상태에서는 MPGR영상이 진단에 더 도움이 되었다. 염증성 배부 동통이 있는 경우 단순 골반 검사에서 이상이 없는 환자인 경우에도 MRI 검사를 시행하여 천장골염의 유무를 확인하는 것이 중요하다. Objective: The early detection of sacroiliitis on X-ray is important to diagnose spondyloarthropathy(SpA). The conventional radiography, bone scan, and computer tomogram have the problems of sensitivity, specificity, and side effects. We examined sacroiliitis using MR imaging in patients who had inflammatory back pain, but no definite changes in conventional radiogrphy. Other radiologic techniques were compared in detection of early sacroillitis. Methods: Twenty six patients with SpA were examined. The MRI findings of both sacroiliac joints were evaluated in every patients, such as pannus, periarticular osteitis and fat accumulation, subchondral sclerosis, and joint space changes(irregularity, ankylosis). Also we analyzed the changes of sacroiliac joints in sacroiliitis. Results: The predominant sites of involvement were upper aspect and iliac surface of sacroiliac joint in subchondral sclerosis, lower and iliac in pannus, periarticular fat accumulation, and iliac in periarticular osteitis. The MPGR images were superior to spin echo images in evaluation of joint space changes(irregularity, and ankylosis). Conclusions: Sacroiliitis is initiated in iliac side and lower portion of sacroiliac joints. MRI can detect early changes of sacroiliitis in patients with no conventional radiographic changes. MRI seems to be needed in patients with inflammatory back pain.

Neural Substrates of Motor Imagery : Event-related Functional MRI Study 관련 기능적 자기공명영상 연구

Yoo, Seung-Schik,Choi, Byung Gil,Chung, Kyu-In,Lee, Chang-Uk 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.6

연구목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 가상운동 과정 시 대뇌 어느 부위가 활성화되는지를 알아보기 위하여 사건-관련 기능적 자기공명영상을 통해 평가하였다. 방 법 : 9명의 오른손잡이 정상인들에게 뇌 전 영역을 포괄한 일련의 T2강조 자기공명 영상을 얻기 위해 1.5 Tesla 자기공명 영상장치를 사용하였다. 음성 자극 신호에 따라 오른손을 쥐는 상상을 하게 한 후, 그 결과 발생하는 가상 운동과 연관된 혈중 산화 수준-의존성 신호 변화들을 측정하였다. 결 과 : 측정된 자료를 group 분석한 결과 내측 상부 전두회, 설상엽, 도, 중/상부 측두회, 전대상회가 활성화 되었으며 이는 양측 일차운동영역, 전운동영역, 보조운동영역에서 사건-관련 자기공명 신호 변화가 있었음을 보여주었다. 또한 한 쪽 손만 쥐는 상상을 했을 때도 양측의 운동영역들이 활성화되었고 조가비핵, 창백핵, 시상 등의 피질하 부위도 활성화되었다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과 가상운동에 의해 운동경로에 관여된 피질, 피질하 영역들이 시각화되어 가사운동이 실제 운동의 뇌신경 부위와 공유한다는 사실을 확인하였다. objectives : We report event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) methodology to investigate human brain activity during motor imagery. Methods : A 1.5 Tesla clinical MR scanner was used in the acquisition fo a sries of T2^* weighted MR images covering the whole brain. Blood oxygenation level-dependent(BOLD) signal changes assoiated with the imagery event were subsequently detected while healthy right-handed subjects imagined clenching of a right hand cued by auditory stimulus. Results : Group analysis across nine right-handed subjects revealed activations in the medial and superior frontal gyri, cuneus, insula, middle/superior temporal gyri, and anterior cingulate gyri. Bilateral primary motor, premotor and supplementary motor areas exhibited event-related MR signal change. Although unilateral hand clenching was imagined, bilateral activation of eloquent motor areas was observed. The proposed method also allowed for the visualization of subcortical areas, such as putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus, responsive to the event of motor imagery. Conclusion : The major cortical and subcortical areas in the motor pathways were identified and visualized during motor imagery event. Our results suggest that motor imagery and actual movement share common neural substrate.

지상파 방송광고 단가변동의 경제적 파급효과

유승훈,양창영 한국방송광고공사 2007 광고연구 Vol.0 No.75

본 논문에서는 지상파 방송광고 단가변동의 경제적 파급효과를 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 경제적 파급효과를 지상파 방송광고 단가가 광고수요에 미치는 영향, 광고주 상품가격에 미치는 영향, 전반적 물가수준에 미치는 영향의 3가지로 세분화하여 분석하였다. 주요 분석방법 및 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지상파 방송광고에 대한 수요함수를 추정하여 지상파 방송광고 단가가 지상파 광고수요에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 지상파 방송광고 단가가 1% 상승하면 지상파 방송광고 수요는 0.583% 감소하여, 지상파 방송광고 수요는 가격변화에 대해 비탄력적인 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 100대 광고주의 재무구조를 살펴봄으로써 지상파 방송광고 단가가 광고주 상품가격에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 지상파 방송광고 단가가 1% 상승하면 100대 방송광고주 상품가격은 최대 0.00405% 상승할 수 있음을 발견하였다. 셋째, 생산자 가격지수를 활용하여 지상파 방송광고 단가가 전반적 물가수준에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 지상파 방송광고 단가의 1% 상승은 전반적 물가수준을 0.0077% 만큼 상승시킴을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 지상파 방송광고 단가의 변동이 방송광고 수요, 100대 광고주 상품가격, 전반적 물가수준에 미치는 영향은 그리 크지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 정량적인 정보들은 지상파 방송광고 단가를 조정하는 데 중요한 참고자료로 활용될 수 있다. This paper attempts to analyze the economic impacts of a change in terrestrial broadcast advertising rates. To this end, we classify the economic impacts of terrestrial broadcast advertising rate into the impact on advertising demand, the impact on commodity price of a sponsor, and impact on overall price level, and investigate them. Methodologies employed and results obtained in this study as follows. First, the demand function for terrestrial broadcast advertising is estimated and the impacts of a change in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on the demand are examined. It is concluded that an increase by 1.0% in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate decreases the demand by 0.583%. Thus, the demand is price-inelastic. Second, the financial structures of the 100 major sponsors are reviewed and the impacts of a change in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on their commodity price are looked into. It is found that an increase by 1.0% in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate produces an increase by 0.00405% in their commodity price. Third, we use producer price index and obtain the information on the impact of terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on overall price level. It is observed that an increase by 1.0% in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate cause an increase by 0.0077% in overall price level. Consequently, we can guess that the impacts of terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on the demand, sponsor’s commodity price level, and overall price level are not big. These quantitative information can be usefully utilized in manipulating terrestrial broadcast advertising rate.

지중내 공동 탐지를 위한 비파괴 검사 기법에 대한 실험적 연구

유정동(Jund Dong?Yoo),양학모(Hak Mo?Yang),장기창(Ki Chang?Jang),강승민(Seung Min?Kang),조소현(So Hyun?Cho),김현기(Hyun-Ki?Kim),Seung Soo?Kim,Da Bin?Jin 대한토목학회 2018 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

Biotransformation of major ginsenosides in ginsenoside model culture by lactic acid bacteria

Park, Seong-Eun,Na, Chang-Su,Yoo, Seon-A,Seo, Seung-Ho,Son, Hong-Seok The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.1

Background: Some differences have been reported in the biotransformation of ginsenosides, probably due to the types of materials used such as ginseng, enzymes, and microorganisms. Moreover, most microorganisms used for transforming ginsenosides do not meet food-grade standards. We investigated the statistical conversion rate of major ginsenosides in ginsenosides model culture during fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to estimate possible pathways. Methods: Ginsenosides standard mix was used as a model culture to facilitate clear identification of the metabolic changes. Changes in eight ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, and Rg2) during fermentation with six strains of LAB were investigated. Results: In most cases, the residual ginsenoside level decreased by 5.9-36.8% compared with the initial ginsenoside level. Ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Re continuously decreased during fermentation. By contrast, Rd was maintained or slightly increased after 1 d of fermentation. Rg1 and Rg2 reached their lowest values after 1-2 d of fermentation, and then began to increase gradually. The conversion of Rd, Rg1, and Rg2 into smaller deglycosylated forms was more rapid than that of Rd from Rb1, Rb2, and Rc, as well as that of Rg1 and Rg2 from Re during the first 2 d of fermentation with LAB. Conclusion: Ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Re continuously decreased, whereas ginsenosides Rd, Rg1, and Rg2 increased after 1-2 d of fermentation. This study may provide new insights into the metabolism of ginsenosides and can clarify the metabolic changes in ginsenosides biotransformed by LAB.

Prognostic Value of Serum Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation

Kim, Miyoung,Cha, Seung-Ick,Choi, Keum-Ju,Shin, Kyung-Min,Lim, Jae-Kwang,Yoo, Seung-Soo,Lee, Jaehee,Lee, Shin-Yup,Kim, Chang-Ho,Park, Jae-Yong,Yang, Dong Heon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.77 No.6

Background: Information regarding prognostic value of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum levels of GDF-15 and H-FABP predict an adverse outcome for COPD exacerbation. Methods: Clinical variables, including serum GDF-15 and H-FABP levels were compared in prospectively enrolled patients with COPD exacerbation that did or did not experience an adverse outcome. An adverse outcome included 30-day mortality and need for endotracheal intubation or inotropic support. Results: Ninety-seven patients were included and allocated into an adverse outcome (n=10) or a control (n=87) group. Frequencies of mental change and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg were significantly higher in the adverse outcome group (mental change: 30% vs. 6%, p=0.034 and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg: 80% vs. 22%, p<0.001, respectively). Serum GDF-15 elevation (>1,600 pg/mL) was more common in the adverse outcome group (80% vs. 43%, p=0.041). However, serum H-FABP level and frequency of serum H-FABP elevation (>755 pg/mL) did not differ between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that an elevated serum GDF-15 and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg were significant predictors of an adverse outcome (odds ratio [OR], 25.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-243.8; p=0.005 and OR, 11.8; 95% CI, 1.2-115.3; p=0.034, respectively). Conclusion: Elevated serum GDF-15 level and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg were found to predict an adverse outcome independently in patients with COPD exacerbation, suggesting the possibility that serum GDF-15 could be used as a prognostic biomarker of COPD exacerbation.

감응성막의 전기적 성질을 이용한 유기 가스 반응 특성

김도균,이준호,유승엽,장정수,권영수 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The electrical properties of Maleate copolymer (C_(18)MA-VE_(2)) and Itaconate copolymer (C_(18)ITA-VE_(2)) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films for in-plane were investigated to develop the gas sensor. The C_(18)MA-VE_(2) and C_(18)ITA-VE_(2) were used as sensitive materials and deposition on the slide-glass substrate using LB method which could control the thickness in the molecular order (Å). The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were measured to investigated the response characteristics in chloroform, acetone, ethanol and methanol gases. The conductivity of sensitive films were 10^(-)7[S/cm] for an in-plane. The change of conductivity was occurred by behavior of organic gases, which mean that the behavior of organic gases could be analyzed using conductivity change and application to gas sensor. In the experimental results, the relation between sensitive films and organic gases could be divided by three-type. Thus, we could analyze the modeling of the response characteristics of organic gases using the conductivity change of sensitive films.

물-에너지-식량-탄소 넥서스를 이용한 통합물관리 모델 평가 연구 - 영산강 수계를 중심으로 -

나라 ( Na Ra ),박진현 ( Park Jin-hyeon ),주동혁 ( Joo Donghyuk ),김하영 ( Kim Hayoung ),유승환 ( Yoo Seung-hwan ),오창조 ( Oh Chang-jo ),이상현 ( Lee Sang-hyun ),오부영 ( Oh Bu-yeong ),허승오 ( Hur Seung-oh ) 한국농촌계획학회 2023 농촌계획 Vol.29 No.1

Active attention and effort are needed to develop an integrated water management system in response to climate change. In this study, it proposed models for cross-use of agricultural water and river maintenance water using sewage treatment water as an integrated water management system for the Yeongsan River. The impact of the integrated water management models was assessed by applying the concept of Nexus, which is being presented worldwide for sustainable resource management. The target year was set for 2030 and quantitatively analyzed water, energy, land use and carbon emissions and resource availability index by integrated water management models was calculated by applying maximum usable amount by resource. An integrated water management system evaluation model using the Nexus concept developed in this study can play a role that can be viewed in a variety of ways: security and environmental impact assessment of other resources. The results of this research will be used as a foundation for the field of in the establishment of a policy decision support system to evaluate various security policies, as we analyzed changes in other factors according to changes in individual components, taking into account the associations between water, energy, food, and carbon resources. In future studies, additional sub-models need to be built that can be applied flexibly to changes in the future timing of the inter-resource relationship components. 1)

Sezary증후군과 병발된 용혈성 빈혈 1예

유광하,진춘조,김홍승,이종인,심영학,정순희,이창훈 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1997 건국의과학학술지 Vol.7 No.-

저자등은 전신적인 소양감을 동반한 홍반성 판상의 피부 병변과 자가 면역성 용혈성 빈혈이 동반된 Sezary 증후군을 진단하고 복합 화학 요법 CHOP으로 치료하여 피부 증상과 빈혈이 호전된 예를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하였다. Sezary syndrome(SS), a leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma(CTCL), is monoclonal proliferation of CD4 T-cell having cerebriform nuclei in the skin and the peripheral blood. It is associated with erythroderma, pruritis, lymphadenopathy with protracted clinical course and systemic spread. We present a case of SS i a 38-year-old woman with generalized exfoliative erythroderma, plaques, and pruritus. Histopathologic findings of the skin lesions revealed infiltration of atypical lymphocytes in the dermis and epidermis. Electron microscopic findings of peripheral blood and skin showed atypical lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei. Laboratory findings revealed direct Coombs' positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia, a rare association of SS. Chemotherapy with CHOP produced improvement of the skin manifestation and anemia.

관상동맥 질환자를 위한 cycle ergometer exercise와 treadmill exercise의 적정 운동강도

유승희,장완성,박찬호,김승환,노호성 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育學論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study was to determine heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and oxygen uptake (Vo2) at the anaerobic threshold (AT) in two different exercise modalities, cycle ergometer and treadmil exercise (running). Subjects were 13 women patients with coronary heart disease. All sub-maximal and maximal Vo2 values but Vo2 at the AT for women were significantly higher in treadmill exercise than cycle ergometer. Submaximal and maximal HR values were not significantly different between the two exercise modalities. However, mean RPE values at the AT were significantly higher in cycle ergometer than treadmill exercise. We suggest that appropriate HR values in exercise training should be the same in cycling and treadmill exercise. while RPE values should be 1 or 2 higher in cycling than running.