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Effects of aerosol on evaporation, freezing and precipitation in a multiple cloud system
Lee, Seoung Soo,Kim, Byung-Gon,Yum, Seong Soo,Seo, Kyong-Hwan,Jung, Chang-Hoon,Um, Jun Shik,Li, Zhanqing,Hong, JinKyu,Chang, Ki-Ho,Jeong, Jin-Yim Springer-Verlag 2017 Climate dynamics Vol.48 No.3
<P>Aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation account for a large portion of uncertainties in the prediction of the future course of global hydrologic circulations and climate. As a process of a better understanding of interactions between aerosol, clouds and precipitation, simulations are performed for a mixed-phase convective multiple-cloud system over the tropics. Studies on single-cloud systems have shown that aerosol-induced increases in freezing, associated increases in parcel buoyancy and thus the intensity of clouds (or updrafts) are a main mechanism which controls aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in convective clouds. However, in the multiple-cloud system that plays much more important roles in global hydrologic circulations and thus climate than single-cloud systems, aerosol effects on condensation play the most important role in aerosol-induced changes in the intensity of clouds and the effects on freezing play a negligible role in those changes. Aerosol-induced enhancement in evaporation intensifies gust fronts and increases the number of subsequently developing clouds, which leads to the substantial increases in condensation and associated intensity of convection. Although aerosol-induced enhancement in freezing takes part in the increases in condensation by inducing stronger convergence around cloud bottom, the increases in condensation are similar to one order of magnitude larger than those in freezing. It is found that while aerosol-induced increases in freezing create intermittent extremely heavy precipitation, aerosol-induced increases in evaporation enhance light and medium precipitation in the multiple-cloud system here. This increase in light and medium precipitation makes it possible that cumulative precipitation increases with increasing aerosol concentration, although the increase is small. It is interesting that the altitude of the maximum of the time- and domain-averaged hydrometeor mass densities is quite robust to increases in aerosol concentration. This is because locations of gust fronts and homogeneous freezing do not vary significantly with changing aerosol concentration and this outweighs aerosol effects on hydrometeor size.</P>
서유승,최재웅,송창섭,조용범,양진수,박준섭,정인수 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회지 Vol.65 No.2
관상동맥 동정맥루 기형은 매우 드문 질환으로 치료가 불필요한 경우가 대부분이나 coronary steal 현상으로 인해 증상이 발생하거나 합병증이 발생한 환자에 대해선 치료를 요한다. 최근에는 시술에 적합한 누공을 가진 선택된 환자군을 대상으로 카테터를 이용한 중재적 시술이 시행되어 수술적 치료와 유사한 결과를 얻고 있다. 저자들은 젊은 남자에서 관상동맥 동정맥루 기형과 동반된 급성 심근 경색증을 진단하여 비 수술적 방법인 카테타 코일 색전술로 성공적 치료 후 증상 및 심근 재관류에 호전을 보인 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. We report a case of coronary fistula between the left anterior descending and main pulmonary artery complicating acute non-Q wave myocardial infarction. A 27-year-old man visited emergency department because of severe chest pain lasting two hours. The electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevation in precordial leads V3~6. Cardiac enzymes were as follows;CK-MB:36.44 IU/L T-T:0.489 ng/mL, CPK:542 IU/L, and LDH:475 IU/L. The thallium-201 dipyridamole stress perfusion scan showed perfusion defect and reversed redistribution in the anteroseptal wall. The coronary angiogram revealed coronary artery fistula between the proximal left anterior descending artery and main pulmonary artery without significant stenoses of coronary arteries. The result of ergonovine test was negative. After micro-coil embolization to the coronary fistula, symptoms were improved. Follow-up thallium-201 scan showed normalized blood flow in the left anteroseptal wall.
오연희,이창욱,김승현,이성우,정병욱,이준희,박동일,권영무,신현종 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-
Morgagni 탈장은 횡격막의 전내측 부위의 발달이상으로 열공을 통하여 장관이나 대망과 같은 복강내 구조물이 흉곽내로 빠져나가는 드문 질환으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원하여 방사선학적 검사와 수술로 확진된 1례를 보고한다. Morgagni hernia is improperly located abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity through the foramen of Morgagni which is a congenital defect at the anterornedial portion of diaphragm. We report a case of Morgagni hernia diagnosed by radiologic examination and operation.
홍관이,이광재,김두경,부기원,노성규,한상준,박기동,오수일,문병용,이철규,박장평,엄기진,박남환 江原大學校附設 體育科學硏究所 1984 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.9
This study is designed to grasp the elements and situations of stage fright in order to propose a part of ways to cope with it. We make 511 top-class high school players, male and female, in the central districts (Seoul, Inchon, Kyungki, Chungbuk, and Kangweon Province) on object of questionnaire, and get the following results. Through players generally have all-round characters they show weakness in the superiority and emotional stability while showing strength in the sonformity. This fact comes to be related to the elements which cause stage fright. Physiological changes also have many effects on the symptom of stage fright. Especially, stage fright increases when players show sensitive reaction to the self-consciousness of final consequence which comes from the tension or uneasiness of sympathetic nerve, Thus, it turns out that players make use of reducing psychological burden by physical exercise or adjusting the level of demanded result in order to release the stage fright.
Im, Junhyuck,Seoung, Donghoon,Hwang, Gil Chan,Jun, Jong Won,Jhung, Sung Hwa,Kao, Chi-Chang,Vogt, Thomas,Lee, Yongjae American Chemical Society 2016 Chemistry of materials Vol.28 No.15
<P>Pressure-dependent structural and chemical changes of the metal organic framework (MOF) compound MIL-47(V) have been investigated up to 3 GPa using different pore-penetrating liquids as pressure transmitting media (PTM). We find that at 0.3(1) GPa the terephthalic acid (TPA) template molecules located in the narrow channels of the as synthesized MIL-47(V) are selectively replaced by methanol molecules from a methanol ethanol water mixture and form a methanol inclusion complex. Further pressure increase leads to a gradual narrowing of the channels up to 1.9(1) GPa, where a second irreversible insertion of methanol molecules leads to more methanol molecules being inserted into the pores. After pressure release methanol molecules remain within the pores and can be removed only after heating to 400 degrees C. In contrast, when MIL-47(V) is compressed in water, a reversible replacement of the TPA by H2O molecules takes place near 1 GPa. The observed structural and chemical changes observed in MIL-47(V) demonstrate unique high pressure chemistry depending on the size and type of molecules present in the liquid PTM. This allows postsynthetic nonthermal pressure-induced removal and insertion of organic molecules in MOFs forming novel and stable phases at ambient conditions.</P>
강상렬,권형수,금현수,강승준,박치상,박창국,이은주,Kang, Sang-Yeol,Kwon, Hyung-Su,Keum, Hyun-Soo,Kang, Seoung-Jun,Park, Chi-Sang,Park, Chang-Gook,Lee, Eun-Ju 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.3
Objective : In order to study effects of Chungsanggyuntong-tang on Hyperlipidemia which causes Hypertension, Arteriosclerosis, Cerebral vascular disease and Ischemic heart disease Methods : The changes of serum total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, body weight and organ weight were observed after the liquid extracts of Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang and Double-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang were administered p.o to the Hyperlipidemic rats induced by 1% cholesterol diet for 10, 20 and 30 days. Results : The food consumption and the body weight were significantly decreased in both Chungsanggyuntong-tang group compared with control group, except Double-dosage 30days. The contents of total lipid were significantly decreased in Double-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group for 20, 30 days, but Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group did not show any significant change compared with control group. The contents of total cholesterol were decreased in Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group and Double-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group, but did not show any significant changes compared with control group. The contents of triglyceride were significantly decreased in Double-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group for 10, 30 days, but Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group did not show significant changes compared with control group. The contents of HDL-cholesterol were significantly increased in Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group for 10 days compared with control group. The contents of LDL-cholesterol were significantly decreased in both Chungsanggyuntong-tang group for 10 and 30 days compared with control group. The liver and spleen weight were significantly increased in control group compared with normal group. The liver weight was significantly decreased in Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group compared with control group. The liver, spleen and kidney weight were significantly decreased in Double-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang group compared with control group. Conclusions : It was thought that Single-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang and Double-dosage Chungsanggyuntong-tang could be applied effectively to the Hyperlipidemia.
표고버섯 균사체 배양기간에 따른 PDB 배지 내 유리 아미노산 변화
오태석 ( Tae-seok Oh ),박윤진 ( Youn-jin Park ),김태권 ( Tae-kwon Kim ),안승원 ( Seoung-won Ann ),김창호 ( Chang-ho Kim ),조용구 ( Yong-koo Cho ),장명준 ( Myoung-jun Jang ) 한국환경과학회 2019 한국환경과학회지 Vol.28 No.4
This study was carried out to investigate the changes in the amount of 20 free amino acids in PDB (Potato Dextrose Broth) medium during the incubation period while cultivating Lentinula edodes. The total incubation period was 90 days, and the total amount of free amino acids was confirmed every 45 days. Among the 18 kinds of amino acids whose increase and decrease patterns were confirmed, 10 amino acids were increased compared to that in the control, among which cysteine increased from its initial value of 9,889 ± 3 μg/L to 12,909 ± 2 μg/L at 45 days and 29,256 ± 4 μg/L at 90 days. Six amino acids with decreased expression patterns were identified. Arginine decreased to 83,751 ± 2 μg/L after 45 days from its initial value of 161,787 ± 1 μg/L and to 79,055 ± 7 μg/L at 90 days.
Chang Hoon Jung,Young Jun Yoon,Junshik Um,Seoung Soo Lee,Ji Yi Lee,Sen Chiao,Yong Pyo Kim 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.3
In the estimation of the aerosol single fiber efficiency using fibrous filters, there is a size range, where the particles penetrate most effectively through the fibrous collectors, and corresponding minimum single fiber efficiency. For small particles in which the diffusion mechanism is dominant, the Cunningham slip correction factor (Cc) affects the single fiber efficiency and the most penetrating particle size (MPPS). Therefore, for accurate estimation, Cc is essential to be considered. However, many previous studies have neglected this factor because of its complexity and the associated difficulty in deriving the appropriate parameterization particularly for the MPPS. In this study, the expression for the MPPS, and the corresponding expression for the minimum single fiber efficiency are analytically derived, and the effects of Cc are determined. In order to accommodate the slip factor for all particle-size ranges, Cc is simplified and modified. Overall, the obtained analytical expression for the MPPS is in a good agreement with the exact solution.