축구선수의 Detraining과 Retraining이 혈청지질 및 호르몬농도에 미치는 영향

정정화,박재현,채종훈,성혜련,황지인,윤미숙,노금선,윤종관,윤영학,노순덕,정경숙,박일규,김은희,박현태,박상갑 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of detraining and retraining on serum lipid and hormones in soccer players. Subjects were seven male high-school soccer players. V˙O_2max was determined for each subjects by administering a treadmill test(initial speed: 90m/min, grade: 5%, increasing speed per 3 min: 30m/min). Serum lipid(T-C, TG, HDL-C LDL-C) and hormones(epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormones, cortisol) were assayed pre and post detraining in 10, 20, 30 days after retraining. The repeated ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for the study. The results of the study were as follows: 1. V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3576.3±204.2ml/min pre detraining, 3234.1±198.9 ml/min post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3601.4±170.9 ml/min. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 2. V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were significantly(p<.05) decreased from 62.3±2.9 ml/kg/min to 55.9±4.7 ml/kg/min in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were 62.4±3.4ml/kg/min, 62.7±2.3ml.kg/min, 67.3±7.2ml/kg/min respectively. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 3. T-C were significantly (p<.05) increased from 166.6±8.5mg/dl to 175.3±10.3 mg/dl in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, T-C were 160.1± 3.2mg/dl, 156.7±3.7mg/dl, 140.3±9.0mg/dl. There were significantly(p<.05) decreased in retraining periods. 4. HDL-C were 61.4±6.6mg/di pre detraining, 5.3±6.6mg/dl post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, HDL-C were 56.9±7.1mg/dl, 56.4±9.2mg/dl, 57.7±9.1mg/dl respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. 5. The hormones(epinephrine. norepinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol) were changed as same patterns. Epinephrine were 26.0±7.0[g/ml pre detraining, 24.6±3.2pg/ml post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, epinephrine were 26.9±5.6pg/ml, 30.6±6.2pg/ml, 29.4±5.6pg/ml respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. In conclusion, HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were decreased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were increased in detraining. But HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were increased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were decreased in retraining.

태양열 집열기용 평판 히이트파이프의 전열예측

박춘근,전철호,장영석 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1994 硏究報告 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of the research is to study the prediction of heat transfer on flat heat pipe applid to solar energy collector by the numerical study. Numerical analysis was performed by finite element method for the prediction of heat transfer on flat transfer on flat heat pipe. A comparison between the experimental and the numerical results show qualitatively agreement and it was able to predict the performence of flat heat pipe collector. The Biot number, (h_(ev)l)/Ks in order to know the effect of heat transfer on flat heat pipe was show to decrease by increas of heat transfer coefficient in vapor region, and with higher conductivity of container, Ks.

대엽성 폐렴의 양상을 보인 폐 Cryptococcosis 1예

박석영,윤영연,오귀염,권낙기 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.2

A 26 year old lady was admitted due to fever and productive coughing of 10 days duration. She had been working at the office treating stuffs of oriental herb medicine without any problem in her health by then. Chest films revealed consolidative changes involving Lt. lower lobe and she was given systemic antibacterial antibiotics, but her illness was not improved. On 19th hospital day needle biopsy was performed and cryptococcosis was diagnosed involving both alveoli and intertitium. Antifungal agent, itraconazole, was prescribed for 10 weeks and the lesion was resolved completely without remnant change. We discussed this case with review of literatures.

상온스웨이징 나사 철근 이음한 철근콘크리트 인장부재의 피로거동

정영화,박용석 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2006 産業技術硏究 Vol.26 No.B

As material needs have been increasing with recent economic growth, it is a current tendency that the magnitude of load applied to structure has been rising. With improved technique of product materials, steel and concrete have been stranger than ever so the danger of fatigue damage increases as permanent action of repeated loads. In case of deformed steel bars widely used in reinforced concrete structure, when they are product in factory, there will exist same parts connecting the steels. Such connections are easy to be weakened by permant action of repeated loads. It is a real condition in Korea that there is lack of research of it. As a result of estimating fatigue characteristic of Pressure Welded joints with the steels that are oftenly used and producted in domestic it is showed that there are no remarkable difference in fatigue strength. Because there is no detail which is refered in Civil Specification, this paper will be the basic data being added in later Specification.

치아미백제가 우치의 색상에 미치는 영향

정석민,박경희,박영준 대한치과기재학회 2001 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.28 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of commercial home-tooth bleaching agents in the color of tooth. Thirty sound extracted bovine teeth were randomly divided into six groups. The color differences between before and after treatment with four types of tooth bleaching agents (Nite White ExcelR, Insta-BriteTM, OpalescenceR, and Plus WhiteR), one type of whitening toothpaste (Natural WhiteR) and untreated control group were evaluated. The results were as follows; 1.By 2 week home tooth bleaching agent applications, the values (L*) of bovine teeth increased as high as 2.18 ∼ 6.73. 2.Insta-Brite induced significantly greater ΔL* and ΔE* than other tested groups by 2 week bleaching agent treatments(p<0.01). 3.Plus White which was applied for 5 minutes twice a day for 2 weeks induced significantly lesser ΔL* (2.18) and ΔE* (2.80) than those in Insta-Brite (ΔL*=5.30, ΔE*=6.73), Nite White Excel (ΔL*=4.24, ΔE*=4.90), Opalescence (ΔL*=3.78, ΔE*=4.92) which were applied for 8 hours a day for 2 weeks (p<0.01). These results demonstrate that all the commercial home-tooth bleaching agents have appreciable bleaching effect on bovine teeth, and the effects of home-tooth bleaching agents which are used during night time are affected by viscosity as well as content of carbamide peroxide. The whitening effect of home tooth bleaching agents that are used through nighttime is greater than that of short time-applying tooth bleaching agent.

首都圈 衛星都市의 住民福祉向上을 위한 市議會와 行政機關의 役割에 관한 硏究 : Centering Around Koyang-Shi Kyung Ki-Do Area. (京畿道 高揚市를 中心으로)

윤석달,박오화,함영훈,황정룡,허희영 한국항공대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

地方化時代의 到來로 高揚市는 많은 變化가 豫想되고 있다. 1980年부터 繼續的으로 論議되던 地方自治의 問題가 지금은 現實化되어 1991年 4月에는 基礎地方自治의 議會를 構成하고 6月에는 廣域自治團體의 議會를 構成하였고 머지않은 將來 에 地方自治團體의 長을 選出할 豫定이다. 앞으로 많은 施行錯誤가 있을 수 있겠으나 地方自治時代에 돌입한 것은 누구 도 否認 할 수 없는 사실이다. 1997年경의 住民構成은 1990年代初期의 高揚市에 居住하고 있던 原住民과 一山을 포함한 新高揚 開發地域에 90萬의 新 入住者로 구성될 것이며, 이러한 高揚市 住民構成의 變化는 地方自治에 커다란 衝擊要因으로 작용될 것이다. 新.原住民의 要求를 調和하는 問題는 여러 形態로 나타날 수 있으나 住民福祉라는 側面이 매우 강하게 대두될 것이다. 高揚市의 福祉活動은 生活保護者들을 위한 특수한 경우를 제외하고는 거의 전무한 상태이다. 地方自治制度가 어느정도 安定的인 국면으로 접어들면, 地域的 次元에서 市民 모두를 위한 福祉活動이 深度있게 展開되어야 할 것이다. 市行政機 關과 市議會는 兒童福祉, 婦女福祉, 老人福祉및 醫療福祉에 대한 現況울 把握하고 이에 대한 해결의 優先順位를 결정하 여 다가오는 人口의 增加에 따른 福祉需要를 충족시켜 나가야 할 것이다. 福祉需要에 대한 優先順位를 硏究者들이 제시하여 보면 託兒施設과 더불어 綜合病院施設을 擴充하여 市民들에게 奉仕 하는 태세를 體系化하여야 할 것이며 그밖에는 施設을 擴充하는 方式보다는 年齡과 性別 및 職業 등의 基準에 맞게 "프 로그램"을 積極的으로 開發하는 努力이 경주되어야 할 것이다. 그러으로써 量的인 意味에서 뿐만이 아니라 質的인 意味 에서 福祉活動을 展開할 수 있는 基盤을 造成할 수 있을 것이다. It is expected that Koyang City have lots of changes according to the emergence of Decentralization era. Nowdays local self-government has been realized since its disscussion in 1980. On april, 1991, the assembly of basic self-government was established, and the assembly of extensive self-government constructed on june, 1991. The chairman of local-government assembly is supposed to be elected in the new future. None can deny the beginning of local-government era inspite of potential trial and errors. Population structure in 1997 is expected to be composed of the existing civilians of Koyang City in early 1990's and about 0.90millions of new comers in new cities including llsan area, and he change of the city population will significant impacts on the self-government scheme of Koyang City. The problem to coordinate desires of existing civilians and that of new comers might be embodied in many kinds of aspects, but welfare-raising will be strengthed first of all. Existing welfare programme of Koyang City dosen't show any signigicant activities except the case of Green Card programme. It is desirable that whole-sideed welfare programme be perfomed by local levels in the stage of staionary self-government systems. Administrative institutions and assembly of city should survey and research the present situations of children welfare, female welfare, the old age welfare, and medical welfare, and decide their priorities to meet increasing desires coming from rapid increase of city-population. We, researchers, propose several outstanding problems by priority as follows; to expand medical institutions and public nursery schools accompanies by strenthening the attitude of government employees for public service, to develop various programmes in order to activate many exiting institutions more efficiently rather than to build new institutions needed, in consideration of ages, sex and occupations of their users. If these propositions accomplished the welfare programme will have cornerstone to enrich its activities as well as activities as well as enlarge it bounderies.

치아미백제가 치과용 심미수복재의 색상에 미치는 영향

정석민,김원재,박영준 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of commercial home tooth bleaching agent application on the color of esthetic restorative materials. In order to evaluate the effect of intraoral aging of these materials(3 composite resins; Palfique Estelite??, Prodigy??, TPH Spectrum??, and 1 compomer ; Dyract??) on the degree of lightness change induced by tooth bleaching agents, each material groups were subdivided (thermocycled and non-thermocycled). Three specimens from each material group were treated with 5 types of bleaching agents (Nite White Excel??, Insta-Brite??, Opalescence??, Plus White?? and StarBrite Contrast_EM??) and evaluated. The results were as follows: 1. Bleaching agent treatments applied to esthetic restorative materials which were not thermocycled before the treatment induced various ΔL^* values as low as lesser than 1 and as high as greater than 4. On the other hand, the second material group (thermocycled before bleaching agent treatments) induced ΔL^* values lesser than 2, except in the case of Insta-Brite treated Dyract group. 2. In the grups that were thermocycled before bleaching agent treatment, Prodigy showed the lowest increase in L^* by all the bleaching agent treatments. Conversely, Dyract demonstrated a higher increase in L^* than the other esthetic restorative materials by Insta-Brite, Opalescence, Plus White bleaching agent treatments. 3. In the groups that were not thermocycled before bleaching agent treatment, Prodigy showed a lower increase in L^* when treated with Nite White Excel, Insta-Brite, Opalescence. On the other hand, TPH Spectrum displayed a higher increase in L^* except when treated with Plus White. These results demonstrated that all commercial tooth bleaching agents have appreciable bleaching effect on teeth, and induces color changes on restorative materials to varying degrees depending on the combination of restorative material and the tooth bleaching agents. More caution should be taken concerning these effects in the case of recently restored esthetic materials.

담수표면 직파재배 펠렛종자의 파종 및 초기생육 특성

김석언,유수남,김용재,박태동,이인,최영수 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

In spite of labor saving in rice cultivation, the main factors preventing the enlargement of the direct wet seeding culture are unstable seedling establishment and greater susceptibility to lodging. In order to solve these problems, developed rice-seed pellets were investigated on sowing and early growth characteristics of seed pellet. Seed shifting, flooding seedling, and lodging of seeding percentage of pellet seed were lover than pregerminated or dry seed. Soil thickness covering seed of pellet seed was 2 ㎜ and shifting width of seed of that was 1.5 ㎝. Establishment percentage of pellet seed was the highest in 0 ㎝ of seeding depth. Early plant height, root length, number of leaf and root of pellet seed with seeding time were similar to those of dry seed.

葉煙草의 混植集團에 있어서 主要形質의 生態的 變異

孫錫龍,朴然圭 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1983 煙草硏究 Vol.10 No.-

In the mixture planting ratio of tobacco cultivar Y.S.A. and Hicks were investigated on the variation of the leaf characters under field condition. Planting ratio of the above two cultivar were 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75 and 0 : 100 respectively. The results were summarized as follow. 1.Even though the growth characters of Y.S.A. and Hicks were different, the responses to mixture planting ratio were almost the same. The optimum mixture planting ratio of two cultivar for leaf length and leaf width were within a range of 100 % and 25 %, 2.The order of the mixture planting ratio for increases leaf length and leaf width of two cultivar was 100%>25%>75%>50%. 3.The ratio of leaf length to leaf width increased with 75 % mixture planting ratio, but its decreased lenearly with lower leaf position. Leaf length and leaf width of leaf decreased in relation to decreasing mixture planting ratio, but increaesd below a certain of mixture planting ratio. From theses results, it was concluded that mixture planting ratio with two cultivar is not necessary for a good growth of leaf length, leaf width and leaf area of the tobacco plant.

자기주도학습력향상을 위한 수업모형 연구

현정숙,박영태 동아대학교 교육대학원 1999 동아교육논총 Vol.25 No.-

It is very important for the learners to develop their ability to judge, select subjectively and learn information and knowledge necessary for themselves in the current open society towards learning. In this respect, for the development of this ability, school education must put a stress upon the premises that learners can prepare for the basis of learning for continuing education in the course of life and that they can develop the self-directed learning ability in order to think themselves and to search for a truth. Therefore, this study aims to develop instructional model so that the learners can improve a self-directed learning ability through school education. The questions for research are raised for a successful investigation as follows: First, what characteristics do the constituent factors of children have in their self-directed learning ability? Second, what is the concrete plan for the improvement of constituent factors in their selfdirected learning ability? Third, what is the integrated intructional model for the improvement of self-directed learning ability in children? The conclusions can be obtained in this study as follows: First, it can be proved that children have an ability in all the constituent factors of self-directed learning ability such as openness, self-concept, intrinsic motivation, autonomy, creativity, ability to problem-solving, self-evaluation and so on, but that their ability in specific constituent factors show lower than adults. Second, the individual teaching plans for the improvement of self-directed learning ability can include the establishment of purpose, preparation of conditions for learning, forning human relationship, supporting learning, the organization of learning group, proper homework, learning contract, the chances of the various experience and practice, self-evaluation, the role of teachers and so on. Third, the plans for the improvement of self-directed learning ability through analysis of study and instructional model which the improvement of children’s self-directed learning ability are meaningful learning matters, teacher’s activities, learning context, environment of learners, meaning creation of learners, learning contract. Fourth, the integrated instructional model for the improvement of self-directed learning ability consists of learners’ activities, and teachers’ activities are suggested in order to guide, promote and instruct learners’ activities. This is to put an emphasis upon the mutual cooperation between children and their teachers after due consideration into characteristic of children’s development during instruction. The activities of learners include the choice of subject for learning, meaning creation of learners, the establishment of concreate learning target self-evaluation, evaluation of comrade and self-reinforcement. The activities of teachers include preparation of conditions for learning based upon the various conditions of information, the choice of subject for learning and its suggestion, offering motive for learning creation, controlling members of group, evaluation of performance, and teachers’ reinforcement. Teaching by this integrated instructional model will enable children to develop their own ability of the specific constituent factors wanting, and this will promote elementary school children’s self-directed learning ability.