Reusable and Efficient Polystryrene-supported Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst for Mononitration of Aromatic Compounds

Li, Li Xia,Ling, Qi Long,Liu, Zu Liang,Xing, Xiao Dong,Zhu, Xiao Qin,Meng, Xiao Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.10

A series of polystyrene-supported 1-(propyl-3-sulfonate)-3-methyl-imidazolium hydrosulfate acidic ionic liquid (PS-$[SO_3H-PMIM][HSO_4]$) catalysts were prepared and tested for mononitration of simple aromatics compounds with nitric acid. It was found that the reactivity of the catalysts increased with increasing $[SO_3H-PMIM][HSO_4]$ content. The para-selectivity was not only related to the $[SO_3H-PMIM][HSO_4]$ content but also the substituent groups in aromatics. A reaction mechanism of nitration over this new catalyst was proposed. The catalytic activity of this catalyst decreased slightly after fifth runs in the synthesis of nitrotoluene.

Genetic variations in the bitter taste receptor gene TAS2R38 are related to cigarette smoking behavior in Han Chinese smokers

Qi Fei-Yan,Zhu Zhou-Hai,Li Meng,Guan Ying,Peng Qi-Yuan,Lu She-Ming,Liu Zhi-Hua,Wang Ming-Feng,Miao Ming-Ming,Chen Zhang-Yu,Li Xue-Mei,Bai Jie,Yao Jian-Hua 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.11

Background: Smoking behavior is influenced by multiple genes, including the bitter taste gene TAS2R38. It has been reported that the correlation between TAS2R38 and smoking behavior has ethnicity-based differences. However, the TAS2R38 status in Chinese smokers is still unclear. Objective: This study aims to investigate the possible relationship between genetic variations in TAS2R38 (A49P, V262A and I296V) and smoking behaviors in the Han Chinese population. Methods: The haplotype analyses were performed and smoking behavior questionnaire was completed by 1271 individuals. Genetic association analyses for smoking behavior were analyzed using chi-square test. Further, for investigating the molecular mechanism of TAS2R38 variants effect on smoking behavior, we conducted TAS2R38-PAV and TAS2R38-AVI expression plasmids and tested the cellular calcium assay by cigarette smoke compounds stimulus in HEK293. Results: Significant associations of genetic variants within TAS2R38 were identified with smoking behavior. We found a higher PAV/PAV frequency than AVI/AVI in moderate and high nicotine dependence (FTND ≥ 4; X2 = 4.611, 1 df, p = 0.032) and strong cigarette smoke flavor intensity preference (X2 = 4.5383, 1 df, p = 0.033) in participants. Furthermore, in the in vitro cellular calcium assay, total particle matter (TPM), N-formylnornicotine and cotinine, existing in cigarette smoke, activated TAS2R38-PAV but not TAS2R38-AVI-transfected cells. Conclusion: Our data highlights that genetic variations in TAS2R38 are related to smoking behavior, especially nicotine dependence and cigarette smoke flavor intensity preference. Our findings may encourage further consideration of the taste process to identify individuals susceptible to nicotine dependence, particularly Han Chinese smokers.

Reusable and Efficient Polystryrene-supported Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst for Mononitration of Aromatic Compounds

Li Xia Li,Qi Long Ling,Zu Liang Liu,Xiao Dong Xing,Xiao Qin Zhu,Xiao Meng 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.10

A series of polystyrene-supported 1-(propyl-3-sulfonate)-3-methyl-imidazolium hydrosulfate acidic ionic liquid (PS-[SO3H-PMIM][HSO4]) catalysts were prepared and tested for mononitration of simple aromatics compounds with nitric acid. It was found that the reactivity of the catalysts increased with increasing [SO3HPMIM][ HSO4] content. The para-selectivity was not only related to the [SO3H-PMIM][HSO4] content but also the substituent groups in aromatics. A reaction mechanism of nitration over this new catalyst was proposed. The catalytic activity of this catalyst decreased slightly after fifth runs in the synthesis of nitrotoluene.

ZmFKBP20-1 improves the drought and salt tolerance of transformed Arabidopsis

Yanli Yu,Yanjiao Li,Fengjuan Jia,Meng Zhao,Wencai Li,Qi Sun,Nana Li,Wenlan Li,Zhaodong Meng 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.6

FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs), which belongto the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase superfamily, areinvolved in plant response to abiotic stresses. A number ofFKBP family genes have been isolated in plants, but littlehas been reported of FKBP genes in maize. In this study, adrought-induced FKBP gene, ZmFKBP20-1, was isolated frommaize and was characterized for its role in stress responsesusing gene expression, protein subcellular localization,transformation in Arabidopsis, expression patterns of thestress-responsive genes, and physiological parameter analysis. During drought and salt stresses, ZmFKBP20-1 transgenicArabidopsis plants exhibited enhanced tolerance, which wasconcomitant with the altered expression of stress/ABAresponsivegenes, such as COR15a, COR47, ERD10, RD22,KIN1, ABI1, and ABI2. The resistance characteristics ofZmFKBP20-1 overexpression were associated with a significantincrease in survival rate. These results suggested thatZmFKBP20-1 plays a positive role in drought and salt stressresponses in Arabidopsis and provided new insights into themechanisms of FKBP in response to abiotic stresses inplants.

Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of flubendiamide resistance in Plutella xylostella

Li Jing‐Jing,Jin Ming‐Hui,Wang Nian‐Meng,Yu Qi‐Tong,Shang Ze‐Yu,Xue Chao‐Bin 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.10

Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is an important pest of crucifers worldwide. The extensive use of diamide insecticides has led to DBM resistance in the world, and this presents a serious threat to vegetable production. In the present study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were combined to investigate the potential flubendiamide‐resistance mechanism in DBM. The lab‐selected (Rh) and field‐collected (Rb) flubendiamide‐resistant lines of P. xylostella with resistance ratios of 1889.92‐fold and 1250.97‐fold, respectively, were used, as well as a lab‐reared flubendiamide‐susceptible line (S). Compared with the S group, the transcriptomic analysis revealed 151 upregulated and 287 downregulated gene messengers in the Rh group and 432 upregulated and 565 downregulated gene messengers in the Rb group. The most frequently enriched pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in metabolic pathways. Metabolism related genes, including two P450, two ABC transporters, and three trypsins, were upregulated in the Rh line. Additionally, some P450 genes, trypsin, juvenile hormone (JH), and mucin genes were also upregulated in the Rb line. In proteomic analysis comparisons with the S group, there were 78 upregulated and 90 downregulated proteins in the Rh group and 221 upregulated and 155 downregulated proteins in the Rb group. Further analyses found that three CYP and 11 CYP proteins were over‐expressed in Rh and Rb lines, respectively. Four glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and four UGTs were over‐expressed in Rb line. So, we deduced that the detoxification metabolism may be the main mechanism of flubendiamide resistance in P. xylostella.

Effect of Vanadium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2100 MPa Ultra-High Strength High Plasticity Spring Steel Processed by a Novel Online Rapid-Induction Heat Treatment

Qi‑Lei Dai,Kun Li,Kai‑Ren Meng,Zhou Fang,Wen Chen,Tian‑Bao Yang,Chi Feng,Jin‑Ming Wu,R. D. K. Misra 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.4

Advanced automotive industries generate large demand for the next generation of high strength and high toughness springsteels. Vanadium-containing 55SiCrV spring steels subjected to rapid-induction heating treatment can fulfil such requirements. However, the effect of vanadium microalloying under online rapid-induction heat treatments is rarely reported. Acomparative study of the microstructure and tensile properties of 55SiCr and 55SiCrV spring steel wires subjected to a novelonline rapid induction heat treatment has been demonstrated herein. It is found that the tensile strength of the 55SiCr springwire decreases with the decrease in the wire speed in online rapid-induction heating, and the plasticity increases. Whereas,the tensile strength of the 55SiCrV steel wire increases with the decrease in the wire speed with the retained high plasticity,which is attributed to the strengthening effect of the dislocations. Through the optimized rapid-induction heating/coolingthermal cycles and intermediate-temperature tempering treatment, the tensile strength of the 55SiCrV steel wire approaches2106 MPa with total elongation of 9.7%. Compared with the 55SiCr spring steel, the addition of V in 55SiCrV spring steelchanges the strengthening and toughening mechanisms via the grain refinement and enhancement in the hardenability andtempering resistance. The finely dispersed V-containing secondary phases are rarely found in the matrix, which indicates thatthe precipitation effect stemming from the addition of V is not the dominant strengthening factor in the online rapid-inductionheat process. The proposed novel online rapid-induction heat treatment provides a promising pathway for the mechanicalproperty improvement of the spring steel.

Brain Imaging Study on the Pathogenesis of Depression & Therapeutic Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Meng Qi,Zhang Aixia,Cao Xiaohua,Sun Ning,Li Xinrong,Zhang YunQiao,Wang Yanfang 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.7

Objective Predefining the most effective treatment for patients with depressive disorders remains a problem. We will examine the differential brain regions of gray matter (GM) in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and the relationship between changes in their volume and the efficacy of early antidepressant treatment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods 159 never-medicated patients with first-episode MDD and 53 normal control subjects (NCs) were enrolled. The brains were scanned by MRI and measured with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)s, and the non-responder group and responder group were obtained. The patients were analyzed by voxel-based morphological (VBM) and SPSS software. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed for the difference between the responder group and the non-responder group in the differential brain regions, and Pearson correlations were computed between volume size and HAMD score reduction rate.Results Smaller GM volume of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG), and the orbital parts of the right medial frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus were observed in MDD versus the NCs. The non-responder group demonstrated a significant volume reduction at the right STG compared with the responders, but no corresponding change in orbital part of right medial frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus. ROC analysis showed that Accuracy=71.2%. There was a positive correlation between the STG gray matter volume and the HAMD-17 score reduction rate (r=0.347, p=0.002).Conclusion The study results confirmed the local changes in brain structure in MDD and may initially predict the early treatment response produced by SSRIs as antidepressants.

Design of Dynamic Calf Weighing System Based on Moving-IIR Filter Algorithm

Meng Hewei,Luo Jinjun,Li Shenglin,Qi Jiangtao,Wenwen Zhao,Li Yaping 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.2

In order to solve the problems of high intensity, low collecting effi ciency, poor information real-time performance and low precision in the calf weighing process, a kind of dynamic calf weighing system was designed. It was based on moving-IIR by establishing a test platform to verify fi lter algorithm. The software MATLAB was applied to design the moving average fi lter algorithm, IIR fi lter algorithm and moving-IIR fi lter algorithm, respectively, to process and analyze the dynamic data collected in slow, violent and slow-violent states of calves. Test results showed that, the error rates of moving-IIR fi lter algorithm in slow, violent and slow-violent states of calves were within 1.12%, 0.32% and 2.82%, which were lower than that of moving-average fi lter algorithm and IIR fi lter algorithm. In slow state of calves, the moving-IIR fi lter was not very smooth. In violent and slow-violent states of calves, the standard deviations were within 1.1126 and 1.1520, showing signifi cant smoothness. The study showed that, information collection system based on moving-IIR fi lter algorithm has fully taken the stability of moving fi lter and dynamic nature of IIR fi lter into consideration and had advantages of low error rate and high stability. Therefore, it can realize real time precise collection, display, storage and historical data query of weight information.

Diaporthe taoicola and D. siamensis, Two New Records on Citrus sinensis in China

( Meng Jiao Cui ),( Xin Wei ),( Peng Liang Xia ),( Ji Ping Yi ),( Zhi He Yu ),( Jian Xin Deng ),( Qi Li Li ) 한국균학회 2021 Mycobiology Vol.49 No.3

Two Diaporthe species isolated from fruit of Citrus sinensis in China were characterized based on morphology and multilocus phylogeny of ITS, tef1, and tub2 gene sequences. The phylogeny indicated that the two species match Diaporthe taoicola and D. siamensis. A critical examination of phenotypic characteristics confirmed the phylogenetic results. Diaporthe taoicola was morphologically characterized by producing Alpha conidia with tapering toward both ends. Meanwhile, D. siamensis produced cylindrical or ellipsoidal Alpha conidia with two oil drops. Pathogenicity tests revealed that both species were pathogenic to fruit of C. sinensis. To our knowledge, the two species were firstly reported on Citrus sinensis in China.

A Noninjection Reaction Route to CuInSe2 Nanocrystals with Triethanolamine as the Complexing Agent

Qi-Yi Zhang,Wen-Long Liu,Meng-Qiang Wu,Ru-Chao Zhou,Li-Dan Yan,Shu-Ren Zhang 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.12

The chalcopyrite-type CuInSe_2 is a remarkable material for thin film solar cells owing to its electronic structure and optical response. Single-phase sphere-like CuInSe_2 nanocrystallite particles were prepared by a facile noninjection method with triethanolamine as the complexing agent and the solvent simultaneously. The period of the reaction was the key to form single-phase CuInSe_2 nanocrystals at 240 ^oC. TEM, XRD, XPS, EDX investigations were performed to characterize the morphology and the detailed structure of as-synthesized CuInSe_2 nanocrystals. All of the analysis results proved that the synthesized nanocrystals were pure phase and close to the stoichiometric ratio rather than a simple mixture. The band gap of the obtained CuInSe_2nanocrystals was 1.03 ± 0.03 eV.