In vitro reconstitution of the cyclosporine specific P450 hydroxylases using heterologous redox partner proteins

Sun, Y.,Ma, L.,Han, D.,Du, L.,Qi, F.,Zhang, W.,Sun, J.,Huang, S.,Kim, E. S.,Li, S. SPRINGER 2017 Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology Vol.44 No.2

<P>The cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) CYP-sb21 from Sebekia benihana and CYP-pa1 from Pseudonocardia autotrophica are able to hydroxylate the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) in a regioselective manner, giving rise to the production of two hair-stimulating agents (with dramatically attenuated immunosuppressant activity), gamma-hydroxy-N-methyl-l-Leu4-CsA (CsA-4-OH) and gamma-hydroxy-N-methyl-l-Leu9-CsA (CsA-9-OH). Recently, the in vitro activity of CYP-sb21 was identified using several surrogate redox partner proteins. Herein, we reconstituted the in vitro activity of CYP-pa1 for the first time via a similar strategy. Moreover, the supporting activities of a set of ferredoxin (Fdx)/ferredoxin reductase (FdR) pairs from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 were comparatively analyzed to identify the optimal redox systems for these two CsA hydroxylases. The results suggest the great value of cyanobacterial redox partner proteins for both academic research and industrial application of P450 biocatalysts.</P>

Optimal Tracking Control of MISO Nonlinear Systems Based on Multi-dimensional Taylor Network Only by Output Feedback

Qi-Ming Sun,Hong-Sen Yan 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

The control input item is added to constitute the nonlinear dynamic model, on the basis of the original multi-dimensional Taylor network in this paper. And this nonlinear dynamic model is used to optimally control MISO nonlinear system only by output feedback without the disturbance estimation of the system or needing the state observer. The back-propagation algorithm is used to train the parameters of the multi-dimensional network with the control input item. Through the simulation, it is demonstrated the multi-dimensional Taylor network used as the optimal MISO nonlinear system tracking controller is effective.

Inhibition by Imatinib of Expression of O-glycan-related Glycosyltransferases and Tumor-associated Carbohydrate Antigens in the K562 Human Leukemia Cell Line

Sun, Qi-Chang,Liu, Mi-Bo,Shen, Hong-Jie,Jiang, Zhi,Xu, Lan,Gao, Li-Ping,Ni, Jian-Long,Wu, Shi-Liang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Objective: To study changes of tumor associated carbohydrate antigen (TACAs) expression and mRNA levels for tumor associated glycosyltransferases, and assess subcellular localizations of N-acetyl galactosyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) in the K562 leukemia cell line after imatinib treatment. Methods: RT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression of glycosyltransferases which synthesize O-glycan in tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TCTAs). The expression of Tn antigen, T antigen and sialyl T antigen on K562 cell membranes was measured by flow cytometry after treatment with different concentrations of imatinib. Co-localization of GalNAc-Ts and ER (endoplasmic reticulum) was determined by confocal laser scanning microcopy. Results: Transcript expression levels of several glycosyltransferases related to TCTAs were decreased after imatinib ($0-0.3{\mu}M$) treatment. Expression of Tn antigen and T antigen was increased while that of sialyl T antigen was decreased. Co-localization of GalNAc-Ts and ER was reduced by $0.2{\mu}M$ of imatinib. Conclusion: Imatinib inhibited the expression of O-glycan related TACAs and several related glycosyltransferases, while decreasing the co-localization of GalNAc-Ts and ER and normalizing O-glycosylation in the K562 human leukemia cell.

Interrupting the mindset of educational neocolonialism: Critical deliberations from East and West international adult educators

Qi Sun,Elizabeth A. L. Roumell 서울대학교 교육연구소 2017 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.18 No.2

Applying international and comparative education and cultural perspectives, through critical comparative reflection, this paper examines issues and challenges of adult learning, teaching, and research endeavors between the East and the West. First, a brief literature review illuminating the obstacles and barriers for a two-way exchange between East and West is presented to argue and call for an interchange through which the West might endeavor to listen to and learn from intelligent life beyond its own borders (Merriam and Associates. Non-western perspectives on learning and knowing. Krieger: Malabar. 2007; Milligan, Stanfill, Widyanto, & Zhang. Educational Studies, 47(1):50–70, 2011). Second, via critical personal narratives, two international adult educators’ lived issues, experiences, and reflections demonstrate the pressing necessity that invites us to recollect critically what has been “dismissed or at very least delegitimatized” (Reagan. Non-Western educational traditions: Indigenous approaches to educational thought and practice 3. New York: Routledge. 2010), in the discourse of conceptualizing educational thoughts and practice, and argue for consciousness to challenge our own ethnocentrism and the ethnocentrism of others that could help make the learning from each other more authentic and equally value from both sides. Finally, it concludes with recommendations that may facilitate further deliberations—philosophically, theoretically, and practically. The paper calls for a different mindset that helps interrupt educational neocolonialism in the globalized world. It also aims to help create a “third space” for bridging educational understandings and learning between East and West accurately, and more effectively.

Teaching international students from Confucian Heritage Culture countries: perspectives from three U.S. host campuses

Qi Sun,Haijun Kang,Bo Chang,David Lausch 서울대학교 교육연구소 2019 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.20 No.4

U.S. host campuses face instructional challenges from increasing numbers of international students from Confucian Heritage Culture (CHC) countries. Yet, the presence of CHC students offers learning opportunities for U.S. faculty in the context of internationalizing their higher education campuses. This study surveyed faculty at three U.S. host universities. It explored faculty understandings of Confucian culture, their perceptions of CHC countries’ international student learning, strategies used by faculty when teaching CHC students, and value faculty recognized when learning from CHC students. Results showed that a majority of faculty recognized the core values of Confucian culture. Yet, they were not fully aware of the cultural impact on CHC students’ learning, and the strategies they employed were mainly from the American perspectives. They did not integrate CHC students’ cultural heritages in their teaching practices and only partially accommodated CHC learners in teaching. This study calls for consciousness to transform faculty mindsets understanding the importance of students’ cultural differences in order to bring about a dramatic change in their teaching practices. Doing so may enhance the success of CHC students fomenting further internationalization at their host universities.

Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs after Lactobacillus reuteri treatment in the ileum mucosa of piglets

Qi Wang,Qian Sun,Jing Wang,Xiaoyu Qiu,Renli Qi,Jinxiu Huang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.11

Background Lactobacillus reuteri I5007 possesses many excellent probiotic characteristics in piglets. miRNA plays importantrole in host-microbiota interactions, but the mechanism by which L. reuteri I5007 regulates intestinal function throughits influence on miRNA expression is unknown. Objective This study analyzed the miRNA expression patterns in the ileum mucosa tissue of piglets by L. reuteri I5007treatment, aim to clarify its molecular mechanism for regulating intestinal function through miRNA. Methods Neonatal piglets were orally administered L. reuteri I5007 or a placebo daily starting on day 1, and differentialexpression of ileal miRNAs was analyzed at 10 and 20 days of age by small RNA sequencing. Results 361 known porcine miRNAs were identified, and ten miRNAs were highly expressed in the ileum mucosa in bothtreatments. Nineteen differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified in response to L. reuteri treatment, and four DEmiRNAs (ssc-miR-196a, -196b-5p, -1285 and -10386) were differentially expressed at both time points. The KEGG pathwayanalyses showed the targets of 19 DE miRNAs were involved in 63 significantly enriched pathways, including the PI3KAktand MAPK pathways, which were confirmed to play important roles in probiotic-host communication. L. reuteri I5007exerted anti-inflammatory effects by influencing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 4gene was the target gene of ssc-miR-196a/-196b-5p, overexpression of ssc-miR-196a/-196b-5p downregulated the mRNAexpression of IL-1β and TNFα in IPEC-J2 cells. Conclusion Our study provides new insight into the role of miRNAs in the intestinal function of piglets after L. reuteriI5007 treatment.

Prognostic Perspectives of STING and PD-L1 Expression and Correlation with the Prognosis of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancers

( Qi Sun ),( Yao Fu ),( Xiaobing Chen ),( Lin Li ),( Hongyan Wu ),( Yixuan Liu ),( Haojun Xu ),( Guoren Zhou ),( Xiangshan Fan ),( Hongping Xia ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.6

Background/Aims: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancers (EBVaGCs) have unique molecular and clinicopathological characteristics. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is recently recognized as the critical innate immunity against pathogens and tumors. STING is also a master regulator in the cancer-immunity cycle and targeting STING could synergize with existing immune-checkpoint therapies. However, the role of STING in GC, especially in EBVaGC, and its correlation with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) remain largely unclear. Methods: We collected 78 cases of EBVaGCs and 210 cases of EBV-negative GC (EBVnGC) from a total of 1,443 cases of GC analyzed by EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization. We investigated STING and PD-L1 expression and their concomitant prognostic value in EBVaGCs and EBVnGCs using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. The effects of STING and PD-L1 expression on the overall survival of patients with EBVaGC or EBVnGC were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: We found that both STING and PD-L1 exhibited significantly higher expression in the EBVaGCs than that in the EBVnGCs. The expression of STING was positively correlated with that of PD-L1 in EBVaGCs. Simultaneous negative expression of STING and PD-L1, and positive expression of STING were independent prognostic risk factors for EBVaGC and EBVnGC, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first prognostic retrospective study of STING and PD-L1 expression and the prognosis among EBVaGC and EBVnGC. The expression and prognostic value of STING and PD-L1 are different in the two types of GCs. STING and PD-L1 are promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for EBVaGC and EBVnGC. (Gut Liver 2022;16:875-891)

Root Health Evaluation of Different Alfalfa Varieties in Agricultural and Animal Husbandly Areas

Qi-zhong Sun,Li-jun Xu,Zhu Yu,Shu-fen Zhao 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08

Research on alfalfa root morphology and health is very important in development of technology for efficient improvement and production of alfalfa. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the root morphology and health of two alfalfa varieties, Algonquin and Golden Queen, to determine relationships among root morphology traits and root health. Results from these analyses indicated t㏊t yield was 6.77-43.93 t/h㎡, total root length ranged from 215.17-708.89 ㎜, root surface area ranged from 93.61-717.06 ㎠, volume ranged from 3.24-57.72㎤. Results from these analyses indicated t㏊t root infestation score was the lowest averaged over age of alfalfa stand in Algonquin. Yield in 2-yr old stands was greater in Golden Queen compared to Algonquin.

Protein-based soft micro-optics fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing

Sun, Yun-Lu,Dong, Wen-Fei,Niu, Li-Gang,Jiang, Tong,Liu, Dong-Xu,Zhang, Lu,Wang, Ying-Shuai,Chen, Qi-Dai,Kim, Dong-Pyo,Sun, Hong-Bo Nature Publishing Group 2014 Light, science & applications Vol.3 No.1

<P>In this work, we report a novel soft diffractive micro-optics, called 'microscale kinoform phase-type lens (micro-KPL)', which is fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as building blocks and flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) slices as substrates. By carefully optimizing various process parameters of FsLDW (e. g., average laser power density, scanning step, exposure time on a single point and protein concentration), the as-formed protein micro-KPLs exhibit excellent surface quality, well-defined three-dimensional (3D) geometry and distinctive optical properties, even in relatively harsh operation environments (for instance, in strong acid or base). Laser shaping, imaging and other optical performances can be easily achieved. More importantly, micro-KPLs also have unique flexible and stretchable properties as well as good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, such protein hydrogel-based micro-optics may have great potential applications, such as in flexible and stretchable photonics and optics, soft integrated optical microsystems and bioimplantable devices.</P>

중국 공인회계사 시험제도의 변천

Sun Qi,이준일 세명대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2022 人文 社會科學硏究 Vol.30 No.3

· 연구 주제: 본 연구는 중국 공인회계사제도 및 공인회계사 시험제도의 역사적 변천과정과 최근 시험 현황에 대해서 살펴보는 문헌연구이다· 연구 배경: 각국은 우수한 회계사 양성을 위해 회계사 선발제도를 개선하고 있다. 개혁개방으로 시장경제로 전환한 중국에서 회계사 선발제도를 어떻게 개선하여 왔는지를 검토하는 것은 우리나라 회계사 선발제도 개선에 대한 아이디어를 줄 수 있다. · 선행연구와의 차이점: 국내에서 중국 회계사 선발제도의 변화에 대한 연구는 이루어지지 않아 연구의 독립성과 공헌점이 있다. · 연구방법: 중국의 회계관련 규범 및 통계, 연구를 조사한 문헌연구· 연구결과: 중국 공인회계사제도는 1918년 처음 도입되어 중화민국 북양정부와 국민정부를 거쳐 발전해 왔다. 그러나 1949년 중화인민공화국이 수립된 뒤 사회주의 계획 경제 도입으로 공인회계사 제도가 중단되었다가 1980년 다시 도입 되었다. 재도입 초기인 1980년부터 1991년 사이에는 공식적인 시험을 거치는 것이 아니라 회계 및 재무 지식을 갖추고 실무 경험이 많은 자가 재정부의 심사를 통해 공인회계사가 될 수 있었다. 중국 공인회계사 시험제도는 1991년 도입된 후, 약 30년 동안 발전해 왔으며 현재 중국에서 가장 어려운 직업 자격 시험 중 하나가 되었다. 1991년부터 1993년은 공인회계사 시험제도와 기존 심사제도가 병행된 과도기였다. 1994년부터는 법적으로 공인회계사 시험을 통과해야만 공인회계사 자격을 취득할 수 있게 되었다. 2009년 이후 공인회계사 시험은 1차 시험에서 6개 과목(회계, 감사, 경제법, 세법, 재무원가관리, 회사전략 및 리스크 관리)을 합격하고, 종합시험인 2차 시험에 합격해야 하는 것으로 정리되었다. · 공헌점 및 기대효과: 중국 회계사 시험제도의 변화를 통해 시장경제에서 회계의 중요성이 강조된다는 시사점을 확인할 수 있으며, 시험과목의 측면에서 회사전략 및 리스크 관리와 같은 과목의 국내 도입을 검토해 볼 수 있다.