『동야휘집』의 중국 필기소설 전유와 그 의미

이강옥(Lee Kang-Ok) 한국문학회 2008 韓國文學論叢 Vol.48 No.-

  I would argue that Dongyawhijip appropriated chinese Pilgi-novel, Iwajeon and Haetak. This paper analysed the Dongyawhijip"s appropriation strategy.<BR>  By appropriating Iwajeon, Dongyawhijip shows us the special experience in the geisha house of Peking, which extended the realistic space of Yadam. Lee Wonmeong, the editor of Dongyawhijip, appropriated Haetak by using much more diverse methods. It became possible in the condition that Lee Wonmeong thought the recording of Yadam as a kind of Sadaebu"s writing.<BR>  Two distinctive methods were employed by Lee Wonmeong in his appropriation of Chinese Pilgi-novels. Firstly, Lee inserted the whole or part of Chinese Pilgi-novels into the parts of Chosun Yadam in order to make its theme and characters more impressive. Secondly, Lee Wonmeong appropriated the forms of Chinese Pilgi-novels. By parodying the forms of Chinese Pilgi-novels, Lee Wonmeong widened the appropriation scope of Dongyawhijip.<BR>  Metaphors were hard to find in Chosun Yadam, which presented serious problems to the writers of realistic Yadam. Consequently Lee Wonmeong appropriated Chinese Pilgi-novels to solve this problem.<BR>  Lee Wonmeong attempted to bring serious ideas to the soft and enjoyable Yadam. Yadam was narrated by a realistic rhetoric, because Yadam was rooted in the real experiences of people. However, as public recitation of Yadam grew more and more popular, its realistic rhetoric sounded dull to the people. So Lee Wonmeong tried to find a way to renew Yadam, which made him tum to Chinese Pilgi-novels. In the earlier time, Yadam tended to construct the moralistic themes based on the realistic or historic experiences in rather serious ways. With Lee Wonmeong"s appropriation of Iwajeon and Haetak into Dongyawhijip, satire and allegory became the most important rhetoric of Yadam, which, I would argue, is the greatest achievement of Lee"s appropriation of Chinese Philgi-novel.

야담집에서의 이경류 이야기의 전개와 그 의미

이강옥(Lee, Kang-Ok) 한국문학회 2012 韓國文學論叢 Vol.61 No.-

본고는 야담과 야담집의 전개라는 차원에 초점을 맞추어, 야담과 야담집이 이경류 이야기들을 선별하고 조합하는 양상을 정리한 뒤 그런 양상이 어떤 야담사적 의미를 가지는지를 살펴보았다. 유몽인의 『어우야담』은 우애와 효가 조화를 이루게 하였다. 이재의 〈종사이공묘갈〉은 이경류의 행적을 ‘충효’로 갈무리하고 표창하였다. 노명흠의 『동패락송』은 이경류의 혼과 부인과의 사랑 관계를 집중적으로 보여주었다. 부부애가 중심에 있고 자애와 효도가 그를 따라가는 형국이다. 이규상의 『병세재 언록』은 환생을 보여주었으며 그런 점에서 서사적 호기심을 극대화하면서 이념적 검열을 최소화시켰다. 이희평의 『계서잡록』은 이희평이 생존하던 시기까지 한산이씨 가문 이야기판에서 전승된 이경류 관련 이야기들을 선택적으로 집대성한 것으로서 가족질서와 신분질서를 재구성하고 효행을 부각시켰다. 이런 분석을 바탕으로 하여 19세기 야담집에서 이경류 이야기가 어떻게 나타나며 그런 특징이 어떤 의미를 지향하는지를 살폈다. 먼저 19세기 야사집의 선택에 대해 살폈다. 이들은 1784년 경 편찬된 『조야집요』 소재 이경류 이야기를 근간으로 하였는데, 문헌들에서 산견되는 것들을 모으고 뒷부분은 『어우야담』의 것을 옮겼다. 환생을 간략히 언급한 것은 그것이 중국 사신과 관련되었기 때문이었고 부부애를 무시한 것 역시 야담 편찬자들이 가진 역사서술자로서의 자의식이 작동했기 때문으로 해석했다. 19세기 야담집은 19세기 야사집의 선택과 뚜렷하게 변별된다. 19세기 주요 야담집들은 모두 『계서잡록』 이경류 이야기를 전재하고 있다. 여기에는 새로운 모티프의 추가나 창조적 변개는 없다. 19세기 이후의 주류 야담집들이 『계서잡록』 계통의 이경류 이야기를 주로 수용했다는 점은 조선후기 야담집의 귀추와 관련하여 의미심장한 암시를 준다. 그것은 부부간 사랑을 중시한 『동패락송』이나 이념적 검열을 거부하고 호기심어린 환생을 보여준 『병세재언록』 등의 지호노을 19세기 야담집이 수용하지 않았음을 뜻한다. 나아가 〈이생규장전〉에서 비롯한 전기(傳奇)소설의 지향으로부터 19세기 야담집이 더 분명한 선을 그은 것을 의미한다. 조선 후기 정신사의 굵은 흐름은 ‘이념의 구현’과는 반대쪽으로 나아갔다. 그런데 야담의 경우, 야담집 편찬자 개인의 성향에 따라 이념의 구현이 극단적으로 강조되기도 하였다. 나아가 야담은 달라진 현실에 대한 일종의 대안으로서 이념성을 강조하기도 했다. 더 이상 이념이 관철되지 않는 현실을 목도하던 야담 수용자들이 이념이 더욱 강조되는 야담을 선택하여 읽기를 원했을 수도 있다. 『계서잡록』 소재 이경류 이야기는 후자의 관점에서 19세기 야담집으로 들어와서 굳어졌다. 이는 19세기 후반 야담집이 창조력을 잃고 다만 서로를 모방하거나 전재하는 단계로 접어들었음을 뜻하면서 다른 한편, 야담집들이 전기소설이나 야사집 등 다른 성격의 장르 및 책들을 타자화하면서 야담집 자체의 고유한 속성을 명확하게 인지하고 더 단단하게 서로 결속되었음을 의미한다. 19세기 이전까지의 야담은 집안일에 대한 미련과 부인과 아들에 대한 애착 때문에 죽어서도 혼이 되어 되돌아온 이경류를 형상화하였다면, 19세기 야담은 그런 이경류 형상을 바탕으로 하면서 국가와 가문의 질서를 재구축하는 열사로, 효행 실천의 화신으로 이경류를 재형상화하였다고 하겠다. This paper examines various approaches to stories about Lee Kyoogryu in each historical reincarnation and their meanings in the history of Yadam. Yoo Mongin’s Uhwooyadam depicts Lee’s story as a harmonious reunion of friendship and filial piety. Lee Jae’s Jongsayigongmyogal describes and commends stories related to Lee Kyungryu as fidelity and filial piety. Noh Myunghum’s Dongpaeraksong foregrounds the love story between the ghost of Lee Kyungryu and his wife, marginalizing the story of grace and filial piety. Lee Kyusang’s Byeongsaejaeuonrok illustrates Lee Kyungryu’s reincarnation, which both intensifies narrative curiosity and minimizes ideological censorship. Lee Huipyung’s Gyeseojaprok stresses familial and hierarchical order, and filial piety, for it was a selective anthology of anecdotes that had been transmitted from the storytelling space of the Hansan Lee family. This paper also examines the stories of Lee Kyungryu found in the 19th century Yadam anthologies and their common characteristics and meanings. Lee’s stories included in the anthologies of informal history were based on those of Joyajipyo published in 1784 and selected a few stories from several other anthologies including Uhwooyadam. A brief description of Lee’s reincarnation is included due to its relationship to the envoys from China, while conjugal affection is ignored due to the editors’ self-consciousness as narrators of history. There exists distinctive difference between the 19th century Yadam anthologies and the 19th century Informal History anthologies in dealing with the stories of Lee Kyungryu. The major Yadam anthologies of the l9th century directly quoted the stories from Gyeseojaprok. No other creative transformation and additional motifs are found. The fact that the 19th century Yadam anthologies adopted Lee Kyungry anecdotes mostly from Gyeseojaprok suggests a significant implication regarding the eventual development of the late Yi Dynasty Yadam. The 19th century Yadam anthologies did not inherit the values of earlier Yadam anthologies that stressed conjugal affection as in Dongpaeraksong, and resisted ideological censorship and embrassed the curious reincarnation as in Byeongsaejaeuonrok. It also clearly demarcated itself from the Eccentric Novel, such as Yisaengkujangjeon. The zeitgeist of the late Yi Dynasty was the opposite of “implementation of ideology”. However, implementation of ideology was stressed in extremity in the Yadam anthologies of this period, depending on the editors’ personalities. Furthermore ideology was strongly emphasized and idealized, for Yadam was deemed as an alternative to the real world where implementing ideology was no longer possible. Lee Kyungryu stories in Gyeseojaprok represents such a view. This might suggest that the late 19th century Yadam went into a stage of creative stasis by merely imitating and adopting the pre-existing stories. On the other hand it suggest that Yadam recognized and established its own unique generic styles and characterizations as an opposite of Eccentric Novel and Informal History. Prior to the 19th century, Yadam focused on familial side of Lee’s story, portraying Lee’s eventual reincarnation as a direct result of Lee’s affection for his son and wife. Based on the earlier anthologies of Yadam, the 19th century Yadam recreated Lee Kyungryu as a paragon of filial piety, and a patriotic and familial martyr who successfully reconstructed the order of the state and family.

A selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4, 6 dual inhibitor, Ribociclib (LEE011) inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in aggressive thyroid cancer

Lee, Hyun Joo,Lee, Woo Kyung,Kang, Chan Woo,Ku, Cheol Ryong,Cho, Yoon Hee,Lee, Eun Jig Elsevier 2018 Cancer letters Vol.417 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The RB-E2F1 pathway is an important mechanism of cell-cycle control, and deregulation of this pathway is one of the key factors contributing to tumorigenesis. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Cyclin D have been known to increase in aggressive thyroid cancer. However, there has been no study to investigate effects of a selective CDK 4/6 inhibitor, Ribociclib (LEE011), in thyroid cancer. Performing Western blotting, we found that RB phosphorylation and the expression of Cyclin D are significantly higher in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines as well as anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell lines, compared with normal thyroid cell line and follicular thyroid cancer cell line. LEE011 dose-dependently inhibited RB phosphorylation and also decreased the expressions of its target genes such as <I>FOXM1, Cyclin A1,</I> and <I>Myc</I> in ATC. Furthermore, LEE011 induced cell cycle arrest in G0-G1 phase and cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation in ATC. Consistently, oral administration of LEE011 to ATC xenograft models strongly inhibited tumor growth with decreased expressions of pRB, pAKT and Ki-67, and also significantly increased tumor cell apoptosis. Taken together, our data support the rationale for clinical development of the CDK4/6 inhibitor as a therapy for patients with aggressive thyroid cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> pRB and Cyclin D were expressed high in aggressive thyroid cancer. </LI> <LI> LEE011 suppressed pRB and also decreased the expressions of its target genes in ATC. </LI> <LI> LEE011 induced cell cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation. </LI> <LI> LEE011 inhibited in vivo tumor growth with decreased expressions of pRB and Ki-67. </LI> <LI> We could explain the anticancer effects with the RB-E2F pathway. </LI> </UL> </P>

김해 여성과 이학규의 시 세계

이강옥(Lee Kang ok) 한국고전여성문학회 2006 한국고전여성문학연구 Vol.0 No.12

이학규는 본처 나주 정씨와 후처 진양 강씨, 금기 옥섬섬을 매개자로 삼아 김해 여성의 삶을 시 세계 속에 적극 담았다. 김해 여성들은 다채로운 풍속 구성의 주체가 되면서도 수탈의 희생자가 되었다. 두 형상은 부자연스럽게 연결되었는데 거기서 이학규의 시적 타자 정약용을 발견할 수 있다. 김해 여인들은 힘든 노동을 감당했으면서도 수탈의 피해를 직접적으로 입었다. 김해 여인들은 한탄하고 울부짖는 소극적 존재였지만 수탈을 직접 문제 삼으면서 수탈자에게 저항하기도 하였다. 이학규의 시는 '풍인지지'의 전통을 계승하여 최고수준의 사실주의를 성취하였다. 그는 정약용의 인식적 동선을 따라서 민중의 현실을 목격하고 민중 생활의 폐단을 직시하여 고발했지만, 더 나아가 민중과 여인의 현실 속으로 들어갔다. 그래서 절실한 동정과 연민을 이루었다. 이학규의 시에서는 청각적 상상력이 다른 요소들을 압도하였다. 그리고 이런 특징이 자연스럽게 여성 취향으로 연결되었다. 공간 경험이 제한되었던 여성들은 청각적 상상력을 확장하는 경향이 강했다. 이학규도 이런 김해 여성들과 비슷한 처지에서 살아가면서 소리에 더 민감해졌고 소리를 문학적으로 승화시켰다. 이학규의 많은 시들이 밤을 시간적 배경으로 한 것은 시각적 영역을 차단하고 청각적 상상력을 발현시키기 위한 시적 포석이라고도 할 수 있다. 자연의 소리를 향한 강한 지향성은 여인들이 일상에서 내는 소리에 대하여 민감하게 반응하는 쪽으로 나아갔다. 여인들이 일상에서 내는 소리에 대한 강렬한 관심은 여인이 부르는 노래 소리에 대한 관심으로 귀결되었다. 이학규는 어두운 곳으로부터 들려오는 여인의 노래를 듣고서 거기에 자기의 심정을 가탁하였다. 나아가 노래를 좀 더 적극적으로 듣는 단계에 이르렀다. 여인의 노래를 둘러싼 상황을 상상하고 그 노래의 가사를 그대로 옮겼다. 그래서 시적 대상이나 시적 화자를 여인으로 설정하였다. 이때 지배적인 정조는 일상의 힘겨움과 슬픔, 그리고 한이다. 시적 자아가 시적 대상 인물들이 가진 슬픔이나 한에 대하여 공감하고 또 일체감을 형성할 때 명실상부한 '우수시(憂愁詩)'가 된다. 이학규는 마음의 슬픔이야말로 우수시에서 가장 중요한 요소라 생각했다. 시인이 진정한 우수시를 지어 남을 울릴 수 있기 위해서는 우선 시인 자신의 마음이 슬퍼야 한다는 논리를 폈다. 이학규가 여성의 처지를 사실적으로 묘사하고 또 여성 화자를 등장시키며 마침내 여성들의 노래를 한시로 옮기기에 이른 것도 이런 생각을 바탕으로 하였다고 볼 수 있겠다. 여인들의 정조를 번역하지 않고 여인 자신의 목소리를 그대로 전하려 한 것이다. 여인의 슬픔에 다가간 시인은 그 슬픔이 깃든 그들의 노래를 듣고 그대로 옮겨서 진정한 '우수시(憂愁詩)'를 만들었다고 할 수 있다. 이들 노래는 자세한 사연을 진술하지 않고 서러운 감정만을 일방적으로 토해내었다. 시적 자아와 대상 인물인 여인 사이에 정서적 연대가 이루어져 일체가 되었다. 둘 사이에 타자가 개입할 수 없을 정도로 시적 화자와 시적 대상 인물 사이의 간극은 좁아졌다. 이학규는 이방인의 눈으로 김해 여성의 일상을 관찰하며 시비를 따지기보다는 귀를 열어놓고 소리로 들려오는 김해 여인들의 서러운 넋두리와 노래를 들었다. 이학규의 김해 시들은 청각에 의한 연대와 공감이 그 어떤 지각 작용에 의한 것보다 근원적이고 강력한 것이라는 진실을 보여준다. In this article, I analysed Lee, Hakgu's Kimhae poems from the perspective of feminism. In his poems, Lee, Hakgu represented the lives of Kimhae women. Kimhae women were portrayed as active participants of various kinds of folk culture. They also became the victims of labor exploitation by the oppressing rulers of the region. Facing these exploitations, Kimhae women only lamented and cried passively. But in some cases, for example at <Seoksinmakjibuhaeng (析薪莫持斧行)>, they attempted to resist against the exploiter. His poems achieved the highest level of realism by accepting the tradition of 'Punginzizi(風人之旨)' Following the worldview of Jeong, Yakyong, Lee, Hakgu paid greate attention to the harsh reality of common people, which were actively incorporated in his poems. In addition to eyewitness account of common people and women of Kimhae, he identified himself with people and women of Kimhae. The distance between poetic subject and object disappeared and the sympathy and pity between them were established. The auditory imagination was the most outstanding feature in his poems. And this tendency betrayed feminine inclination of his poems. His status in Kimhae was very similar to that of women, in that he had to live in the restricted region and was not allowed to go out of Kimhae. As the confinement of space in the life of most women led them to the expansion of their auditory imagination, Lee's confinement to Kimhae area made him extremely sensitive to sound. His particular interest in natural sound made him acutely respond to the sound of women's everyday lives and then to the songs of women. Listening to women's songs from unseen dark places, he wrote his poems to express his feelings triggered by those songs. He then advanced to make efforts to listen to women's songs more actively. He imagined the circumstances related to the particular songs and created lyrics best suited to the situation. Therefore women always became both object and subject of his poems. In these poems, the dominant mood was hardship of everyday life, grief, and sorrow. When the poetic subject sympathizes with the sorrow of poetic object, the poet can write the sincere 'Usoosi(憂愁詩)' Lee, Hakgu insisted that the most important element of 'Usoosi' was the sorrow of mind. He also stressed that the poet should have sorrow in his mind first in order to make the reader weep. So the poet has to not only sympathize with the poetic object, but also identify with poetic object. Instead of translating the sensibility of women, Lee, Hakgu's poems tried to incorporate the voice of women directly. Delivering the sad songs of Kimhae women, he made excellent ''Usoosi(憂愁詩)' Lee, Hakgu did not observe everyday lives of Kimhae women with a stranger's eyes, but heard the songs of sorrowful women with sympathizer's open ears. Lee, Hakgu's Kimhae poems attest that the bond and sympathy created by auditory imagination is more fundamental and powerful than those created by any other sensory imaginations.

Lower extremity edema in patients with endometrial cancer

( Myong Cheol Lim ),( Jeong Seon Lee ),( Jung Nam Joo ),( Sang Soo Seo ),( Sok Bom Kang ),( Sang Yoon Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.99 No.-

The objective of this study was to investigate clinical manifestations of lower extremity edema (LEE) in endometrial cancer Medical records for LEE and/or responses to the Gynecologic Cancer Lymphedema Questionnaire (GCLQ) were evaluated in 177 patients with endometrial cancer Patients had a median age of 53 years. Sixty-seven patients (37.9%) had past (9 patients, 13.4%) and/or current patient-reported LEE (58 patients, 86.6%). Symptoms reported on the GCLQ in over 20% of respondents were swelling, numbness, aching , and heaviness. GCLQ total symptoms score was significantly higher in patients with current LEE. Most of the LEE (43/67, 64.2%) developed within 12 months after surgery and LEE lasted more than 6 months in most patients (56/59, 94.9%) Prospective clinical trials are needed to know the clinical significance, impact on quality of life, and preventive strategy of LEE in patients with endometrial cancer

고흥 연안의 사구 염생식물 분포와 현존량에 관한 연구

이점숙,이강세,임병선,김하송,이승호 군산대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The coastal vegetation was classified by the Braun-Blanquet's method and the biomass was investigated at the wetland of Kohung. The vegetation of the study area was classified with 7 coastal communities as follows: Carex scabrifolia community, Suaeda maritime community, Carex kobomugi community, Tetragonia tetragonoides community, Zoysia sinica community, Vitex rotundifolia community and Phragmites communis community. Biomass was highest in Phragmites communis community(2,087g.d.w./㎡), followed by Zoysia sinica community(741g.d.w./㎡), Suaeda maritime community(535g.d.w./㎡), Vitex rotundifolia community(334g.d.w./㎡), Carex kobomugi community(267g.d.w./㎡), Carex scabrifolia community(236g.d.w./㎡) and lowest in Tetragonia tetragonoides community(195g.d.w./㎡)

혈액투석 환자의 가족지지, 무력감과 자가간호와의 관계 연구

이강오,이미숙,백영주 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1996 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.21 No.1

This study was designed to investigate the correlations between family support, Powerlessness. and self-care of hemodialysis patients. One hundred thirty seven hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure from 2 university hospitals, 2 general hospitals, and 2 medical cilinics in Kwang-ju. were accidental sampled. The data were collected from September 16 to 30, 1995. by the questionnaire method. The instrment used for measuring family support was Kang's Family Support Scale, powerlessness was developed by the researcher from the literature review, and self-care was developed by Kim and Youm and was modified by the resecher. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and Peatson's correlation coefficient. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Average family support score of subjects was 33.71. 2. Average powerlessness score of subjects was 70.03. 3. Average seof-care score of subjects was 63.28. 4. Relatinoships between general characteristics and variables were as follows 1) There was sighificant difference between family income and family support(F=6.90.p=.000). 2) Three were significant difference betweem present family income and family support(F=6.90, p=.000), 3) There was significant difference between medical insurance and self-care (t= 2.52, p=.013). 5. Correltions betweem family support, powerlessness, and self-care were as follows 1) The first hypothesis, "the higher the level of family support in patients on hemodialysis, the lower the level of powerlessness will be," was supported(r=-.233. p=.022). 2) the second hypothesis, "the higher the level of family support in patients on hemodialysis, the higher the level of self-cate will be." was supported(r=.235, p=.019). 3) The third hypothesis, "the lower the level of powerlessness in patients on hemodialysis, the higher the level of self-cate will be," was not supported(r=-.033. p=.740).

조기 발병한 정신증적 장애에서 자기공명영상을 이용한 측뇌실에 대한 구조적인 예비연구

이윤희,강민희,김철응,이정섭,배재남,홍강의 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2001 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.12 No.2

연구목적:측뇌실의 확장은 성인기의 정신분열병에서 잘 확립되는 소견이지만, 조기에 발병한 정신증적 장애에서는 아직 논란이 있다. 본 연구에서는 자기공명영상을 이용한 후향적인 방법을 통하여 지금까지 비교적 연구가 많이 시행되지 않았던 조기발병한 정신분열증·양극성 장애 환아들을 대상으로 측뇌실의 구조적인 이상을 연구하여, 이러한 뇌의 구조적 이상이 병의 초기부터 시작되어 정상과는 다른 경과로 진행되는 것인가를 알아보고자 하였다 방법:정신분열병과 양극성 장애의 DSM-Ⅲ-R 진단 기준에 부합하는 14명의 환아(평균 연령 14.0세,표준편차 2.1)와 26명의 두통 대조군에서 뇌자기공명 영상상을 후향적으로 모집하였다. 분석을 위하여 측뇌실이 가장 잘 보이는 축 영상(axial image)를 선택하였다. 뇌자기공명영상상은 평판형 스캐너로 읽어들여서 NIH IMAGE 프로그램을 통하여 분석하였다. 결과:환자군에서는 측뇌실 크기, 측뇌실확장지수가 연령의 증가에 따라 함께 증가하는 상관관계를 나타내었으나, 대조군에서는 연령과 측뇌실 크기, 측뇌실확장지수 등이 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 환자군에서는 정상군에서 보이는 좌우 측뇌실 비대칭성이 소실된 결과를 보였다. 그리고 통계적으로 유의한 정도는 아니었으나 환자군이 대조군에 비해 측뇌실과 측뇌실확장지수가 큰 경향을 보였다. 결론:정신증적 환자에서의 뇌의 구조적 이상은 병의 비교적 초기 경과에서부터 시작되며, 정상과는 다소 다른 경과를 취하여 진행한다는 것을 시사하는 결과라 할 수 있다. Objective : The enlargement of the lateral ventricle is well established finding in adult-onset schizophrenia, but in the patients with early-onset psychotic disorder(EOPD) is still controversal. To identify structural abnormalities of the lateral ventricle in patients with EOPD and difference of the brain developmental course in EOPD group, planimetrical assessment of the lateral ventricle was conducted by means of retrospective quantitative neuroimaging. Methods : The brain MR images of 14 patients with EOPD(mean age 14.0±2.1 years) who met the DSM-Ⅲ-R diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and 24 control subjects with simple headache(mean age 10.0±2.1 years) were collected. Single best view for the lateral ventricle, one axial slice was selected for analysis. MR images were redigitalized with flatbed scanner and data were analyzed with NIH IMAGE software. Results : In the patients with EOPD, there were significant correlations between aging and lateral ventricular sizes and between aging and ventricular brain ratio(VBR). The statistical significance of normal asymmetry of the lateral ventricle was not observer for the EOPD group. The EOPD group had larger lateral ventricular sizes and VBR than control group, but these results were not statistically significant. Conclusion : These findings suggest that the brain abnormalities in patients with EOPD progress from the earlier course of the disorders and the course of brain development in EOPD group is different from control group.

Hydrogen Behavior in Ti-Added Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic Steels

Kang‑Mook Ryu,Dae Geon Lee,Joonoh Moon,Chang‑Hoon Lee,Tae‑Ho Lee,Jae Sang Lee,Dong‑Woo Suh 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.3

Hydrogen behavior and corresponding mechanical degradation were examined in TaTi-RAFM and EUROFER97 steels. Increased Ta content with Ti addition decelerates the hydrogen diffusion but increases the solubility in the lattice. It ismainly led by the higher fraction of Ta-rich MC carbides and dislocation density in TaTi-RAFM steel. Overall activationenergy of hydrogen trapping of investigated steels is evaluated to be 25.3 ~ 25.6 kJ/mol in the tempered condition. The activationenergy increases to nearly 30 kJ/mol when the steels are re-austenitized and quenched. Higher activation energy withincreased dislocation density indicates that the dislocation provides for trap site with higher activation energy than Ta-richMC carbide. Mechanical degradation by hydrogen with respect to the yield strength, tensile strength and uniform elongationcould not be observed in all investigated steels. The presence of hydrogen only has influence on the loss of post-uniformelongation. For a given charging time, the loss of post-uniform elongation is more remarkable in TaTi-RAFM steel due tothe larger hydrogen uptake.

우이도의 사구 염생식물 분포와 현존량에 관한 연구

이점숙,이강세,임병선,김하송,이승호 군산대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The coastal vegetation was classified by the Braun-Blanguet's method and the standing biomass was investigated on the coastal areas of Uido at the period of June to November, 1999. The vegetation of the study areas were classified with 5 communities as follows: Isachaemum authephoroides community, Zosia macrostachya community, Calystegia soldanella community, Messerschmidia sibirica community, Vitex rotundifolia community. Standing biomass was highest in Isachaemum authephoroides community (564 g.d. w/㎡), followed by Vitex rotundifolia community (392 g.d. w/㎡) > Zosia macrostachya community (255 g.d. w/㎡) > Calystegia soldanella community (79 g.d. w/㎡) and Lowest in Messerschmidia sibirica community (68 g.d. w/㎡)